^1  CALIFORNIA  STATE  MINING  BUREAU 

^Q  .6  8  FERRY  BUILDING,  SAN  FRANCISCO 


F.  McN.  HAMILTON 
San  Francisco] 


State  Mineralogist 


BULLETIN  No.  68 


[October,  1914 


Mineral  Production 
for  1913 


Califobnia 

State  Printing  Office 

1914 


-r—^r—r- 


Jj 


UNiV£P3 


CALIFORNIA. 
5 


LIBRARY 

UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA 


"n  A  \  '  r  o 


CALIFORNIA  STATE  MINING  BUREAU 

FERRY  BUILDING,  SAN  FRANCISCO 
F.  McN.  HAMILTON  State  Mineralogist 


San  Francisco] 


BULLETIN  No.  68 


[October,  1914 


U.S.. 


6.   L 


COMPLIMENTS  CF 

F.  :.:cN  La:::lton 

STATE  Ml«£RALOGlST 


01. .  filer  t.. 


SEP 


1  8 


ifii 


Mineral  Production 
for  1913 


By  E.  S.  BOALICH,  Statistician 


LIBRARY 


UNITED  STATES 
DEPARTMENT  OF  AGRICULTURE 


8—1677 


1—12524 


California 

State  Printing  Office 

1914 


LIBRARY 

UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA 
DAVIS 


TABLE  OF  CONTENTS. 


Chapter  I. 

SUMMARY  OP  THE   MINERAL  INDUSTRY  IN   CALIFORNIA  DURING  THE  ^"^^^ 

YEAR    1913    5 

TABULATION  OF  THE  MINERAL  PRODUCTION   FOR   1913,   AMOUNT  AND 

VALUE    7 

TABLE    SHOWING    COMPARATIVE    VALUE    OF    MINERAL    PRODUCTION, 

1912,     1913 8 

TABLE    SHOWING   COMPARATIVE   MINERAL   PRODUCTION   OF   THE   VA- 
RIOUS COUNTIES  IN  CALIFORNIA  FOR  1912,    1913 9 

Chapter  II. 
FUELS    (HYDROCARBONS)— 

Introductory  10 

Coal   10 

Natural  Gas 11 

Petroleum   12 

Chapter  III. 
metals- 
Introductory  15 

Antimony 16 

Copper   16 

Gold 18 

Iron   20 

Lead 21 

Molybdenum    22 

Platinum   22 

Quicksilver 23 

Silver    25 

Tungsten 26 

Tin   26 

Vanadium 26 

Zing    27 

Chapter  IV. 
STRUCTURAL  MATERIALS— 

Introductory  28 

Asphalt 29 

Bituminous  Rock 29 

Brick   30 

Cement    33 

Chromite    34 

Lime    35 

■Magnesite 36 

Marble 37 

Onyx  and  Travertine 38 

Sandstone    39 

Serpentine 40 

Slate   41 

Stone  Industry 42 

Travertine.      (See  Onyx.) 

Chapter  V. 

INDUSTRIAL  MATERIALS — 

Introductory  47 

Asbestos 48 

Barytes 50 

Bauxite 51 

Clay 51 

Feldspar 52 

Fuller's  Earth 53 

Gems    53 

Graphite 55 

Gypsum   56 

Infusorial  Earth   57 

Limestone    58 

Manganese 60 

Mica 61 

Mineral  Paint 62 

Mineral  Water   63 

Pumice   Stone ^ 64 

Pyrite   65 

Quartz 66 

Sand,  Glass 66 

soapstone 67 

Sulphur    68 

Talc.      (See  Soapstone.) 


CONTENTS— Continued. 

Chapter  VI. 
SALINES —  Page 

Introductory  69 

Borax    6!) 

Nitrates    70 

Potash    70 

Salt   70 

Soda 72 

Chapter  VII. 

MINERAL    production    OF    CALIFORNIA    BY    COUNTIES. 

INTRODUCTORY    73 

Alameda 74 

Alpine 74 

Amador   75 

Butte 75 

Calaveras 76 

Colusa 77 

Contra  Costa   77 

Del   Norte   78 

El  Dorado 78 

Fresno    79 

Glenn    79 

Humboldt 80 

Imperial    80 

Inyo   81 

Kern 81 

Kings 82 

Lake 83 

Lassen 83 

Los  Angeles   84 

Madera    84 

Marin    8.5 

Mariposa 85 

Mendocino    86 

Merced 86 

Modoc    87 

Mono    87 

Monterey   _--     88 

Napa    88 

Nevada    89 

Orange    89 

Placer 90 

Plumas   90 

Riverside    91 

Sacramento   92 

San  Benito 92 

San  Bernardino 93 

San  Diego 93 

San   Francisco   94 

San  Joaquin    94 

San  Luis  Obispo 95 

San  Mateo 95 

Santa  Barbara 96 

Santa  Clara 96 

Santa  Cruz   97 

Shasta    97 

Sierra    98 

Siskiyou   99 

Solano 99 

Sonoma    5  00 

Stanislaus  100 

Sutter 101 

Tehama 101 

Trinity    102 

Tulare 102 

Tuolumne     103 

"Ventura    103 

Yolo 104 

Yuba    104 

Chapter  VIII. 

MINING   L\WS    105 

APPENDIX    135 


LETTER  OF  INTRODUCTION. 

The  Bulletin  herewith  presented  to  the  mineral  industry  is  the  result 
of  a  painstaking  effort  to  so  compile  the  statistics  of  mineral  produc- 
tion that  they  will  be  of  actual  use  to  producers  and  those  interested 
in  the  consumption  of  the  mineral  products  of  our  State. 

The  compilation  of  accurate  and  dependable  figures  is  an  extremely 
difficult  undertaking,  and  the  State  Mineralogist  takes  the  opportunity 
of  here  expressing  his  appreciation  of  the  universal  co-operation  of  the 
producers  in  making  this  work  possible. 

It  is  the  evidence  herein  put  forth  that  should  make  us  realize  the 
magnitude  of  our  latent  mineral  resources  in  this  State.  The  produc- 
tion for  the  year  1913  of  more  than  one  hundred  million  dollars  shows 
an  increase  of  ten  million  dollars  over  that  of  the  preceding  year. 
Coupled  with  this  is  the  fact  that  twenty  millions  of  dollars  was  dis- 
tributed in  dividends,  resulting  from  this  basic  production. 

This  progress  is  being  made  despite  the  fact  that  some  branches  of 
the  industry  have  been  held  back  by  various  uneconomic  conditions 
and  their  production  is  unnecessarily  curtailed.  Such  problems  as 
present  themselves  in  the  separate  branches  of  the  industry  affect  all 
tlie  others  and  should  be  taken  care  of  by  the  industry  as  a  Avhole.  It 
is  greatly  to  be  deplored  that  there  is  no  concerted  action  of  the  mineral 
producers  at  the  present  time. 

In  analyzing  and  discussing  the  situation  with  many  of  those  inter- 
ested in  the  great  mineral  industry  in  the  State,  a  plan  has  been  con- 
ceived to  form  an  organization  to  further  and  foster  its  development. 
It  is  to  be  hoped  that  in  the  near  future  this  plan  will  be  brought  to 
a  successful  culmination.  It  is  conceded  that  such  an  organization 
would  be  of  great  service  to  the  mineral  industry  and  aid  immeasurably 
in  its  advancement.  When  the  call  comes  it  is  earnestly  hoped  that 
each  and  every  person  interested  Avill  respond  and  take  active  part. 

F.  McN.  Hamilton, 
State  Mineralogist. 


MINERAL  INDUSTRY,  CALIFORNIA,  1913 


Data  Compiled  from  Direct  Returns  from  Producers  in  Answer  to 

Inquiries  sent  out  by  California  State  Mining  Bureau, 

Ferry  Building,  San  Francisco,  California. 


CHAPTER  ONE. 

The  mineral  production  of  California  during  the  calendar  year  1913 
was  valued  at  $98,644,639.00,  as  compared  with  the  1912  output,  Avorth 
$88,972,385.00,  an  increase  of  $9,672,254.00.  These  figures,  so  far  as  it 
has  been  possible  to  make  them,  refer  to  the  value  at  the  property,  of 
CRUDE  MINERAL  SUBSTANCES.  Duplication  of  figures  has  been  studi- 
ously avoided.  Approximate  production  of  refined  asphalt  has  been 
given  on  another  page  because  that  item  is  so  generally  included  in 
considering  the  subject  of  mineral  production.  The  above  mentioned 
1913  total  does  not  include  value  of  asphalt,  however,  neither  does  it 
consider  limestone  which  has  gone  toward  the  manufacture  of  cement, 
nor  clay  which  has  been  molded  into  bricks.  Where  it  is  impossible 
to  get  a  figure  for  the  ingredients  of  a  manufactured  mineral  substance, 
as  in  the  case  of  cement  and  brick,  these  products  are  of  necessity 
included.  In  practically  every  other  instance  the  value  given  rep- 
resents the  closest  possible  approximation  for  the  crude  material  as 
it  came  from  the  mine,  quarry  or  well.  It  is  almost  impossible  to 
exaggerate  the  magnitude  and  the  importance  of  the  mineral  industry 
in  California.  The  early  history  of  mining  in  California  is  the  history 
of  the  State.  With  the  advancement  of  other  lines  of  etfort,  and  with 
the  transition  of  the  mineral  industry  from  a  romantic  nugget-hunting 
sport  to  a  solid,  well  defined,  dividend  paying  business,  public  interest 
has  been  diverted  to  some  extent.  Nevertheless,  this  industry  is 
advancing  with  gigantic  strides.  California  is  today  the  leading  State 
in  the  Union  in  its  production  of  petroleum,  gold,  borax,  quicksilver, 
magnesite,  and  platinum.  In  the  total  value  of  her  mineral  products 
California  leads  all  states  west  of  the  Mississippi  River. 

Every  county  in  the  State  contains  mineral  deposits  of  some  descrip- 
tion, and  during  1913  fifty-six  of  the  fifty-eight  counties  reported  a 
commercial  output,  from  Kern,  with  a  total  value  of  $28,406,193,  to 
Alpine,  with  its  total  of  $541. 

Twenty-one  counties  produced  minerals  to  a  value  exceeding  $1,000,- 
000  during  the  year,  and  forty-three  passed  the  $100,000  mark. 

Petroleum  output  was  worth  $48,578,014  and  stands  first  on  the  list 
by  many  millions  of  dollars.  Gold,  with  the  greatest  annual  produc- 
tion since  1883,  comes  second,  amounting  to  $20,406,958.     Cement  is 


6  MINEEAL    INDUSTRY    OF    CALIFOENIA. 

third,  the  output  being  worth  $7,743,024.  The  stone  industry,  includ- 
ing granite  and  crushed  rock  used  for  all  purposes,  ranks  fourth, 
valued  at  $6,168,020.  Copper  is  fifth,  worth  $5,343,023.  Then  in 
the  order  named — Brick,  $2,915,350;  Borax,  $1,491,530;  Natural  Gas, 
$1,053,292. 

With  the  ever  expanding  uses  for  petroleum  and  its  refined  products 
the  growth  of  this  branch  of  the  mineral  industry  bids  fair  to  continue 
indefinitely  in  the  future. 

Increased  efficiency  in  mining  and  reduction  methods  in  late  years 
has  more  than  offset  the  gradual  decline  in  values  in  the  larger  gold 
mines,  and  new  and  paying  properties  are  constantly  being  added  to 
the  list  of  active  producers.  While  the  zenith  of  gold  production  has 
possibly  passed  in  California,  such  is  not  the  case  in  the  instance  of 
any  other  metal  or  mineral  substance. 

Many  copper  deposits  await  transportation  and  other  facilities,  or 
a  satisfactory  solution  of  the  much  discussed  "fume"  question,  to 
place  them  on  a  paying  basis.  The  same  conditions  in  a  general  way 
hold  true  in  the  case  of  iron,  lead,  zinc  and  other  metalliferous  deposits; 
of  the  mountains  of  granite,  limestone,  and  marble;  of  the  ]nillions  of 
acres  of  ancient  lake  beds  containing  nitre,  potash,  salt  and  soda;  and 
of  practically  every  separate  item  on  the  entire  list. 

Production  of  many  of  the  industrial  materials  is  small  owing  to  a 
present  lack  of  demand,  as  well  as  facilities  for  handling.  This  con- 
dition is  annually  improving  with  the  growth  of  California  in  popu- 
lation and  with  the  rapidly  increasing  importance  of  the  Pacific  coast 
as  a  manufacturing  and  trade  center. 


STATISTICS   OF    ANNUAL   PRODUCTION.  / 

The  following  table  shows  the  yield  of  mineral  substances  of  Cali- 
fornia for  1913  as  compiled  from  the  returns  received  at  the  State 
Mining  Bureau,  San  Francisco,  in  answer  to  inquiries  sent  to  producers : 


Substance 


Asbestos  

Barytes  

Bituminous  rock 

Borax  

Brick  

Cement    

Chromite   

Clay 


Coal 

Copper  

Feldspar  

Fuller's  earth 

Gems   

G( 


Amount 


47 

1,600 

37,-'>41 

58,051 

358,754 

6,167,806 

1,180 

231,179 

25,198 

34,471,118 

2,129 

460 


tons 

tons 

tons 

tons 

M 

bbls. 

tons 

tons 

tons 

lbs. 

tons 

tons 


Jold 


Graphite  

Gypsurn  

Infusorial  earth 

Iron  ore  

Lead 

Lime    

Limestone  

Maenesite 

Marble   

3Iineral  paint  -_- 
3Ilneral  water  __. 

Natural  gas  

Petroleum  

Platinum   

Pumice  

Pyrites 

Quartz  rock 

Quicksilver  

Salt    

Sand,  glass 

Sandstone  

Silver   

Soapstone  

Soda    

Stone  industry*  . 
Tungsten  ore  .— 
Zinc   


2,500 

47,100 

8,645 

2,343 

3,640,951 

613,444 

301,918 

9,632 

41,654 

303 

2,350.792 

14,210,836 

94,494,532 

368 


lbs. 

tons 

tons 

tons 

lbs. 

bbls. 

tons 

tons 

cu.  ft. 

tons 

gals. 

M  cu.  ft. 

bbls. 

oz. 


79,000 
4,040 
15,661 
204,407 
14,578 
62,227 


tons 

tons 

flasks 

tons 

tons 

cu.  ft. 


1,350 
1,861 


tons 
tons 


7,592 
1,157,947 


tons 
lbs. 


Value 


$1,175  00 

3,680  00 

78,479  00 

1.491,530  00 

2,915.350  00 

7.743.024  GO 

12,700  00 

261,273  00 

85,809  00 

5,343,0-23  OO 

7,850  00 

3.700  00 

13.740  00 

20,406,958  OO 

25  00 

135,050  00 

35,968  00 

4,485  00 

160,202  00 

528,547  00 

274,455  00 

77,056  00 

113,282  00 

1,780  GO 

599,748  00 

1,053,292  00 

48,578,014  00 

17.788  GO 

4,500  00 

218,537  00 

7.756  00 

630,042  00 

462,681  00 

14,143  00 

27,870  00 

832,553  00 

6,150  00 

24.936  00 

6,168,020  OO 

234,673  00 

64,845  00 


Total I      $98,644,639  00 


♦Including  granite,  macadam,  rubble,  paving  blocks,   sand,  and  gravel. 


8 


MINEKAL    IlSrDUSTEY    OF    CALIFOENIA. 


The  following  table  shows  the  comparative  value  of  minerals  pro- 
duced in  California  during  the  years  1912  and  1913 : 


Substance 


Asbestos   

Barytes    

Bituminous  rock 

Borax    

Brick  

Cement    

Chromite    

Clay    

Coal  


Copper  

Feldspar  

Fuller's  earth  __. 

Gems   

Gold    

Graphite  

Gypsum  

Infusorial  earth 

Iron  ore  

Lead    

Lime    

Limestone   

Magncsite    

Manganese    

Marble   

Mineral  paint  --. 
Mineral  water  .-. 

Natural  gas  

Petroleum  

Phitinum   

Pumice  

Pyrites  

Quartz  rock  

Quicksilver  

Salt    


Sand-glass 

Sandstone   

Silver    

Soapstone    

Soda    

Stone  industry- 
Tungsten  ere  - 
Zinc   


1912 


$2,700  00^ 

2,812  00 

87,467  00 

1,122,713  00 

2,940;29O  00 

6,074,661  00 

11,260  00 

215,683  00 

39,092  00 

5,638,049  00 

6,180  00 

6,500  00 

23,050  OO 

19.713,478  00 


117,388  OO 

17,074  OO 

2,508  OO 

61,653  00 

464,440  00 

570,248  00 

105,120  00' 

400  OO 

74,120  00 

1,800  OO 

529,384  00' 

940,076  00 

41,868,344  OO 

19.731  00 

2,500  00 

203,470  00 


866,024  00 

383,370  00 

15,404  00 

22,574  00 

799,584  00 

7,350  00 

37,094  00 

5,473.928  OO 

206,000  00 

298,866  00 


Totals 
Asphalt     - 


$88,972,385  00 
2,500,000  00 


Total,  including  asphalt. 


$91,472,385  00 


1913 


$1,175  OO 

3,680  00 

78,479  00 

1,491,530  OO 

2,915,350  00 

7,743,024  00 

12,700  00 

261,273  00 

85,809  00 

5,343,023  00 

7,850  00 

3,700'  00 

13,740  00 

20,406,958  00 

25  00 

135,050  00 

35,968  00 

4,485  00 

160,202  OO 

528.547  00 

274,455  00 

77,056  00 

113,282  00 

1,780'  00 

599,748  00 

1,053,292  00 

48,578,014  00 

17.738  00 

4,500'  00 

218,537  OO 

7,756  00 

630,042  00 

462,681  00 

14,143  00 

27,870  00 

832,553  00 

6,150  00 

24,936  00 

6,168,020  00 

234,673  00 

64,845  00 


$98,644,639  00 
2,752,000  00 


$101,396,639  00 


*Ineluding  granite,  macadam,  rubble,  paving  blocks,   sand,  and  gravel. 


STATISTICS   OF   ANNUAL   PRODUCTION. 


The  following  table  shows  the  comparative  value  of  the  mineral  pro- 
duction of  the  various  counties  in  the  State  for  the  years  1912  and  1913  : 


County 

1912 

1913 

Alameda           _            _  _ -  -    

$794,961  00 

2,925,202  00 
2,403,675  OO 
2,051,781  00 
70,165  00  • 
829,811  00 
3,950  00 
122,001  00 . 
8,897,685  00 
32,950  00  ■ 
268,116  00 
30,000'  00  - 
483,330  00  • 
23,097,003  00- 
1,850  00 
123,286  OO  • 

$844,217  00 

Al)iino*                                                          _             _ 

.■)11  00 

Amador     -. .  _      _  

3,013,180  00 

Butte    

2,533,940  00 

Calaveras             

2,042,901  00 

Colusa           -  -  - 

48,481  00 

Contra  Costa  

Del  Norte  

El  Dorado  

Fresno        _           ._      _       -. 

1,962,640  00 

2,514  00 

67,723  00 

8,438,810  00 

Glenn  _ ._  --  -- 

27,776  00 

Humboldt    

Imperial   — 

471,052  00 

95.054  00 

1,942.309  00 

Kern                                                     -      --    

28,406.193  00 

Kings                                                              -    - 

1,335  00 

Lake    - 

125,829  00 

Lassen                       -      _  _ 

2,382  00 

Los  Angeles  

Madera _  _ 

5,594,513  OO 
112,285  00  ■ 
122,200  00  • 
214,294  00  • 
300  00 
45,000  00  ■ 
29.187  OO 
454,268  00 
132,749  00 
266,708  00  . 

2,108,543  00 

4,518,275  00' 
881,537  OO 
196,997  00  • 
782,627  OO 

2,171.399  00 
494,068  00 

1,428,057  00 
305,683  OO 
151,147  00 
210,040  00 
31,564  00 
216,582  OO 

4,111,258  00  ■ 
557,585  00  • 
270,207  00 

5,825,819  00 
736,423  00'  ■ 
598,713  00 
203,073  00 
346,306  00  ■ 
295,673  00 
1,300  00 
733,755  00'  • 
142.890  00  ■ 

1,353,706  00- 
595,399  00  • 

2,775,132  00  ■ 

7,821,357  00- 

5,833,298  00 
371,867  OO 

Marin 

278,453  00 

Marinosa                                _    

246,079  00 

Mendocino  _ _ _.    _    _ 

9,450  00 

Merced _    _    

35,329  00 

Modoc       _- 

6,875  00 

Mono                           -                _  _  

184,428  00 

Monterey   

Napa     __       __       

178,679  00 
1.186,3.53  00 

Nevada 

2,950,367  00 

Oransfe 

6,948,495  00 

Placer            _______            _    

520.808  00 

Plumas                      _ 

143,698  00 

Riverside 

2.071.969  OO 

Sacramento    

2,925.706  00 

San  Benito 

San   Bernardino     _  _ 

514,995  00 
2,486,100  00 

San  Diego 

315,694  00 

San  Francisco    _      ._  __ __    

110.551  OO 

San  Joaouin                  _ 

165,157  00 

San  Luis  Obispo 

63,675  00 

San  Mateo _    

215,371  OO 

Santa    Barbara                                                    

3,636,288  00 

Santa    Clara              _     _ 

311,383  00 

Santa   Cruz   

Shasta 

1,816,805  OO 
6,212.344  00 

Sierra _    

1,010976  00 

Siskivou        -      _  - _ 

309.986  00 

Solano                            -         _ 

1,839,721  OO 

Sonoma                                                       

239,037  OO 

Stanislaus  

Tehama  _ 

272,249  00 
2,442  00 

435,142  00 

Tulare                                _    

119,760  00 

Tuolumne                       __    

1,198.383  00 

Ventura                                              _    - 

924,972  00 

Yuba   _  _    

2,507,139  00 

Unapportioncd 

17,738  00 

Totals            .                                 _    

$88,972,385  00 

$98.644.6.39  00 

♦Alpine  included  In  Stanislaus. 


10  MINERAL    INDUSTRY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 

CHAPTER  TWO. 

FUELS. 

(Hydrocarbons. ) 

The  above  subdivision  of  the  mineral  products  of  California  includes 
coal,  natural  gas  and  petroleum. 

The  combined  value  of  these  three  substances  equals  approximately 
one  half  of  the  value  of  the  entire  mineral  industry  in  the  State.  As 
will  be  noted  in  the  following  table,  an  increase  was  recorded  in  each 
item  and  in  the  case  of  petroleum  this  gain  over  the  previous  year 
amounted  to  the  stupendous  total  of  $6,709,670. 

Natural  gas  is  plentiful,  especially  in  the  oil  fields  of  the  State,  and 
the  amount  commercially  utilized  shows  a  healthy  increase  over  that 
of  1912.  Coal  of  the  best  quality  has  never  been  discovered  in  Cali- 
fornia and  the  introduction  of  crude  oil  as  a  competitive  fuel  has 
caused  a  great  drop  in  the  coal  output  of  the  State.  For  many  years 
previous  to  the  development  of  the  oil  fields  the  annual  value  of  coal 
produced  was  several  times  the  figure  shoMTi  here.  The  increase  for 
1913  over  1912  is  perhaps  a  temporary  condition  and  may  not  continue 
to  hold. 

Value  of  fuels  produced  in  California  during  1912  and  1913  with 
increase  in  each  instance  is  tabulated  herewith: 


Substance 

1913 

1912 

Increase 

Coal   

Natural  gas  .. . 

$85.809  00 

1,053,292  00 

48,578,014  00 

$39,092  OO 

940.076  00 

41,868,344  00 

$46,717  OO 
113,216  00 

Petroleum    

6,709,670  00 

Totals    

$49,717,115  00 

$42,847,512  OO 

$6,869,603  00 

Coal. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Reports  YII,  XII,  XIII. 

Deposits  of  coal,  developed  and  undeveloped,  are  known  in  twenty- 
five  counties  of  California.  In  practically  all  cases  the  material  is  of 
inferior  value.  Much  of  the  product  should  be  classed  as  lignite.  Even 
so,  coal  was  an  important  factor  in  the  mineral  industry  of  the  State 
from  the  time  of  its  discovery  in  1861  down  to  a  few  years  ago  when 
it  was  largely  supplanted  by  crude  oil. 

During  1913  four  properties,  located  in  Amador,  Contra  Costa,  Mon- 
terey, and  Siskiyou  counties,  produced  25,198  tons  of  coal  valued  at 
$85,809.  This  is  an  increase,  both  in  amount  and  value,  over  the  1912 
output  of  14,848  tons  worth  $39,092.  Seventy-eight  men  were  em- 
ployed in  the   above   mentioned   mines.     Previous   to   1887   no   exact 


STATISTICS    OF   ANNUAL   PRODUCTION. 


11 


production  figures  are  available,  although  the  Mount  Diablo  district 
alone  produced  many  hundreds  of  thousands  of  tons  of  coal  between 
1860  and  1887.  The  record  of  the  State's  output,  with  annual  figures 
for  amount  and  value,  is  shown  beloAv  from  1887  to  date : 


Year 


Amount, 
tons 


Value 


Year 


1887  50,000  $150,000  00  I 

1888  95,000  380,000  00 

1889  121,280  288,232  00  | 

1890  110,711  283,019  OO  I 

1891  93,301  204,902  OO  { 

1892  85,178  209,711  00  ' 

1893  72,603  167,555  00  i 

1894  59,887  139,862  00 

1895  79,858  193,790  00  j 

1896  70,649  161,335  00  i 

1897  87,449  196,255  00  I 

1898  143,045  337,475  OO  i 

1899  160,941  420,109  00 

1900  176,956  535,531  00 

1901  150,724  401,772  OO 


1902  

1903  

1904  

1905  

1906  

1907  

1908  

1909  

1910  

1911  

1912  

1913  

Totals  2,042,861 


Amount, 

tons 

Value 

88,460 

$248,622  00 

93,026 

265,383  00 

79.062  1 

376,494  OO 

46,500 

144,500  00 

24,850 

61,600  00 

23,734 

55,849  00 

18,496 

55,503  00 

49,389 

216,913  00 

11,033 

23,484  00 

11,047 

18,297  OO 

14,484 

39,092  00 

25,198 

1 

85,809  OO 

$5,661,094  GO 


Natural  Gas. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Reports  VII,  X,  XII.  Bulletins 
3  and  13. 
Data  regarding  natural  gas  production  in  California  are  difficult  to 
compile  accurately.  An  untold  amount  is  annually  wasted,  although 
during  the  past  few  years  attempts  have  been  made  to  conserve  this 
valuable  natural  resource.  As  near  as  can  be  estimated  14,210,836  M 
cubic  feet  of  gas  were  commercially  used,  for  lighting,  heat,  as  a  fuel 
and  for  all  industrial  purposes,  having  a  total  value  of  $1,053,292.  In 
numerous  cases  the  producers  merely  give  value  of  the  gas  consumed, 
having  made  no  effort  to  measure  it  in  any  way.  In  such  instances 
amounts  have  been  estimated,  taking  as  a  basis  the  general  average 
value  for  the  particular  district  in  question.  Even  the  value  is  often- 
times an  estimate.  The  total,  however,  would  be  doubled  many  times 
if  all  the  available  gas  were  made  to  serve  a  useful  purpose.  One  of 
the  recent  uses  for  natural  gas  is  in  the  manufacture  of  gasoline  from 
this  source. 


12 


MINEEAL   INDUSTEY    OF    CALIFOENIA. 


Distribution  by  county  is  as  follows : 


County 


Amount,  M. 


Valu& 


Average  value 
per  M. 


Fresno    

Humboldt 

Kern  

Kings    

Los  Angeles  --_ 

Orange   

Sacramento    

San  Joaquin  __ 
Santa  Barbara 
Santa   Clara   __ 

Solano    

Ventura  


236,100 


7,111,237 
1,916 

1,287,794 

192,240 

72,000 

142,730 

5,096,300 

2,000 

6,319 

62,200 


Totals 


14,210,836 


$23,610  00 

150  00 

568,899  00 

575  00 

77,578  00 

9,612  00 

36,000  00 

67,967  00 

254,815  00 

50O0O 

7,366  00 

6,220  OO 


at  10  cents 


at  8 
at  30 
at  6 
at  5 
at  50 
at  47 
at    5 


cents 
cents 
cents 
cents 
cents 
cents 
cents 


at  10  cents 


$1,053,292  OO 


Total  annual  value  of  natural  gas  produced  in  California,  as  shown 
by  the  records  of  the  State  Mining  Bureau,  is  as  follows: 


Year 

Value 

Year 

Value 

1888  

$10,000  00 

1902  

$99,443  00 

1889  

12,680  00 

1903  

74,237  00 

1890  

33,000  00 

1904  

91,035  00 

1891  

30,000  00 

1905  

102,479  00 

1892  

55,000  00 

1906  

109,489  00 

1893  

68,500  00 

1907  

114,759  00 

1894  

79,072  00 

1908  

474,584  OO 

1895  

112,000  OO 

1909  

616,932  OO 

1896  

111,457  00 

1910  

1,676,367  00 

1897  . ..- 

62,657  00 

1911 

491,859  00 

1898  

74,424  00 

1912  

940,076  00 

1899  

95,000  00 

1913  

1,053.292  00 

1900  

34,578  00 

1901    -   -  - 

92,034  00 

Total  

$6,714,954  00 

Petroleum. 

Beference:  Bulletins  3,  11,  16,  19,  31,  32,  63.  State  Mineralogist 
Reports  IV,  X,  XII,  XIII. 

Petroleum  production  in  California  during  1913  amounted  to  98,194,- 
532  barrels  valued  at  $48,578,014,  or  an  average  of  49.3  cents  per 
barrel,  as  compared  with  the  1912  output  of  89,689,250  barrels  worth 
.*fi41, 868,344,  or  an  average  of  46.7  cents  per  barrel.  This  is  an  increase 
in  amount  of  8,805,282  barrels,  and  in  value  of  $6,709,670,  and  in  the 
average  price  per  barrel  of  2.6  cents. 

Of  the  total  amount  produced  5,129,049  barrels  were  used  as  fuel  in 
the  field  as  compared  with  6,050,186  in  1912.  This  item  is  slowly 
decreasing  on  account  of  the  growing  use  of  electric  power  in  the 
various  fields. 


STATISTICS    OF   ANNUAL    TEODUCTION. 


13 


As  will  be  noted  in  the  tabulated  county  returns,  the  greatest  actual 
increase  of  production  occurred  in  Kern  County,  although  Orange 
County  leads  all  others  in  its  per  cent  increase.  Fresno,  Los  Angeles, 
and  Santa  Barbara  counties  all  reported  a  slight  decrease  in  crude  oil 
output.  Ventura,  while  a  comparatively  small  producer,  gained  over 
30  per  cent  in  number  of  barrels  marketed  as  compared  with  the 
previous  year.  No  active  production  was  recorded  in  San  Luis  Obispo 
County  during  the  year  1913.  Of  the  State's  total  output  for  the  year 
59,841,592  barrels,  or  60.8  per  cent,  were  of  a  gravity  exceeding  18 
degrees  Baume. 

In  the  face  of  an  unexampled  increase  in  production  the  average 
price  per  barrel  actually  received  by  producers  made  a  marked  advance, 
and  the  condition  of  the  industry  may  be  roughly  ascertained  when  it 
is  known  that  aside  from  money  paid  as  royalty  and  used  in  develop- 
ment and  purchase  of  additional  properties,  etc.,  between  fifteen  and 
sixteen  million  dollars  was  paid  to  stockholders  in  the  form  of  divi- 
dends. In  other  words,  over  30  per  cent  of  the  actual  value  of  the 
crude  oil  at  the  wells  reached  the  hands  of  buyers  of  oil  stock,  as 
interest  on  their  investment,  during  the  year  1913. 

The  following  tabulation  shows  the  comparative  petroleum  produc- 
tion by  counties  for  the  years  1912-1913,  with  increase  (-(-)  or  decrease 
( — )  in  value,  in  each  instance : 


County 


1912 


Amount,  bbls. 


1913 


Value 


Amount,  bbls. 


Value 


-I-  plus  or 

—  minus 

IW  I 


Fresno    

Kern  

Los  Angeles  

Orange   

San  Luis  Obispo 
Santa  Barbara  _ 

Santa  Clara  

Ventura  

Totals   


19,510,932 

51,448,067 

4,484,590 

6,704,421 

2,129 

6,862,719 

14,092 

662,300 


$8,487,255 

21,762,532 

2,798,384 

4,478,553 

1,469 

3,747,045 

8,295 

584,811 


18,956,965 

58,698,432 

4,143.690 

9,485,362 


$7,927,736 

27,038,474 

2,672,680 

6,867,402 


89.689,250 


$41,868,344 


6,291,076 

20,000 

899,007 


3,151,725 

12,000 

907,997 


$559,519- 

5,275,942+ 

125,704- 

2,388,849+ 

1,469- 

595,320- 

3,705+ 

323,186+ 


98,494,532     $48,578,014 


$6,709,670+ 


Average  price  per  barrel  of     petroleum  in  the  various  producing 


counties  during  1912  and  1913  were  as  follows  : 


County 


Average  price  per  barrel 


1912 


1913 


Increase  (4-) 
or  decrease  ( — ) 


Fresno 43.5  cents 

Kern   42.3  cents 

Los  Angeles  [  62.4  cents 

Orange   '  66.8  cents 

Santa    Barbara    j  56.4  cents 

Ventura   88.3  cents 


State  as  a  whole. 


41.8  cents 
46.0  cents 
64.5  cents 
72.4  cents 
50.0  cents 
$1.01 


-1.7  cents 

+3.7  cents 
+2.1  cents 
+5.6  cents 
-6.4  cents 
+12.7  cents 


46.7  cents   49.3  cents 


+2.6  cents 


14 


MINEEAL    INDUSTRY    OF    CALIFOENIA. 


The  gravity  of  the  crude  oil  produced  varies  greatly.  The  following 
table  shows  the  ratio  above  and  below  18  degrees  Baume,  with  the 
average  price  received  per  barrel  for  the  two  general  grades  of  oil  in 
each  county,  for  1913: 


County 


Per  cent 
above  18 
degrees 


Average  price 
per  barrel 


Per  cent 
below  18 
degrees 


Average  price 
per  barrel 


Fresno   45% 

Kern    59% 

Los  Angeles - 42% 

Orange    88% 

Santa  Barbara 86% 

Ventura    92% 


50.8  cents 

55%    ! 

35.5  cents 

53.4  cents 

41%     : 

36.1  cents 

73.5  cents 

58% 

57.4  cents 

75.5  cents 

12% 

50.6  cents 

56.0  cents 

14% 

37.9  cents 

$1.06                j 

8% 

46.0  cents 

The  annual  petroleum  production,  in  barrels,  since  the  inception  of 
the  industry  in  California  follows,  with  the  amount  credited  to  the 
year  1875  representing  total  production  up  to,  and  including,  that  date. 


Tear 


Barrels 


1875  I  175,000 

1876  12,000 

1877  13,000 

1878  1  15,22.7 

1879  '  19,858 

1880  40.552 

1881  99,862 

1882  128,636 

1883  142,857 

1884  262,000 

1885  325,000 

1886  377,145 

1887  678,572 

1888  690,333 

1889  303,220 

1890  307,360 

1891  323,600 

1892  385,049 

1893  470,179 

1894  783,078 

1895  1,245.339 


Year 


Barrels 


1896  I  1,257,780 

1897  '  1,911,569 

1898  2,249,088 

1899  2,677,875 

1900  4,329,950 

1901  I  7,710,315 

1902  14,356,910 

1903  24,340,839 

1904  1  29,7.36,003 

1905  34,275,701 

1906  32,624,000 

1907  40,311,171 

1908  '  48,306,910 

1909  I  58,191,723 

1910  I  77,697,568 

1911  :  84,648,157 

1912  89,689,250 

1913  ,  98,494,532 

Total  (barrels)  659.607,208 


The  value  of  the  crude  oil  output  during  the  early  years  of  its  pro- 
duction is  a  difficult  quantity  at  which  to  arrive  accurately.  Taking 
the  total  value  given  in  Bulletin  No.  60,  which  includes  the  years  1887- 
1909,  as  a  basis,  the  grand  total  value  of  the  petroleum  produced  in 
California  during  the  past  twenty-five  years  is  as  follows: 


Year 


Value 


1887-1909 

$136,693,228  00 

1910    --    - 

37,689,542  00 

1911        .                                                            

40,552,088  00 

1912 

41,868,344  CO 

1913    -      _      —     -- 

48,578,014  00 

Total   

$305,381,216  00 

STATISTICS    OF   ANNUAL   PKODUCTION,  15 

CHAPTER  THREE. 

METALS. 

California's  production  of  metals  for  the  year  1913  reached  a  total 
value  of  $27,694,519.00,  and  included  copper,  gold,  iron,  lead,  platinum, 
quicksilver,  silver,  tungsten  and  zinc.  Deposits  of  ores  of  antimony, 
molybdenum  and  vanadium  are  also  to  be  found  in  the  State,  although 
there  is  no  commercial  output  of  these  materials  at  the  present  time. 

California  leads  all  states  in  the  Union  in  her  gold  production  and 
the  precious  metal  is  widely  distributed  throughout  the  State.  Thirty- 
two  of  the  fifty-eight  counties  contain  actively  operated  gold  mines. 

Copper,  which  is  second  in  importance  among  the  metals  of  the  State, 
occurs  in  the  following  general  districts :  the  Shasta  County  belt,  which 
is  by  far  the  most  important ;  the  Coast  Range  deposits,  extending  more 
or  less  continuously  from  Del  Norte  in  the  north  to  San  Luis  Obispo 
County  in  the  south ;  the  Sierra  Nevada  foothill  belt,  starting  in  Plumas 
and  running  in  a  general  southerly  direction  through  the  Mother  Lode 
counties  and  ending  in  Kern ;  the  eastern  belt  in  Mono  and  Inyo 
counties;  and  the  southern  belt,  in  San  Bernardino,  Riverside,  and  San 
Diego  counties. 

Silver  is  not  generally  found  alone  in  the  State,  but  is  almost  inva- 
riably associated  to  a  greater  or  less  extent  with  gold,  copper  and  lead. 
Quicksilver,  while  comparatively  small  in  the  value  of  its  annual 
output,  has  for  many  years  been  one  of  the  State's  staple  products 
and  California  supplies  about  80  per  cent  of  the  Nation's  output  of 
this  metal. 

Tungsten  likewise  is  found  in  but  few  other  localities. 

Immense  deposits  of  iron  ore  have  long  been  known  in  many  sections 
of  the  State,  but  for  various  economic  reasons  this  branch  of  the  mineral 
industry  is  still  in  its  infancy  here. 


I 


2—12524 


16 


MINERAL    INDITSTEY    OF    CALIFOENIA. 


The  following  tabulation  shows  production  of  metals  in  California 
during  the  years  1912-1913  with  increase  or  decrease  in  value  for  each 
item: 


Metal 


1912 


Amount 


Value 


1913 


Amount 


Value 


Increase  4 
or  decrease  - 


Copper    

Gold  

Iron  ore   

Lead    

Platinum  

Quicksilver   .. 

Silver    

Tungsten  ore. 
Zinc    


34,169,997  lbs. 


2,508  tons 
1,370,067  lbs. 
603  oz. 
20,600  flasks 


8,042  tons 
4.331,391  lbs. 


Totals 


$5,638,049 

19,713,478 

2,508 

61,653 

19,731 

866,024 

799,5&1 

206,000 

298,866 


$27,605,893 


34,471,118  lbs. 


2,343  tons 
3,640,951  lbs. 
368  oz. 
15,661  flasks 


7,592  tons 
1,157,947  lbs. 


$5,343,023 

20,406,958 

4,485 

160,202 

17,738 

630,042 

832,553 

234,673 

64,845 


$27,694,519 


—$295,026 
+  693,480 
+  1,977 
+    98,549 

-  1,993 

-  235,982 
+  32,969 
+    28,673 

-  234,021 


+  88,626 


Antimony. 

Reference:  Bulletin  38.     State  Mineralogist  Reports  XII,  XIII, 

Many  first-class  deposits  of  antimony  ore  are  known  in  California, 
the  chief  ones  being  located  in  Inyo,  Kern,  Mono,  Riverside,  San  Benito, 
and  Santa  Clara  counties.  Metallic  antimony  has  been  found  in  Kern 
County,  but  the  commonest  occurrence  is  in  the  form  of  the  sulphide. 
Mining  of  the  ore  has  not  been  profitable  in  the  State  for  some  years 
because  of  the  low  price  of  the  metal  and  the  distance  from  a  large 
market. 

During  the  year  1887-1901  various  small  lots  of  antimony  ore  were 
mined  and  sold,  amount  and  value  being  shown  in  the  following  table : 


Year 


Amount 


Value 


1887   :  75  tons 

1888  ''  100  tons 

1893   I  50  tons 

1894   - i  150  tons 

1895   33  tons 

1896  I  17  tons 

1897   I  20  tons 

1898   40  tons 

1899   I  75  tons 

1900  !  70  tons 

1901   1  50  tons 

Totals    680  tons 


$15,500  00 
20,000  00 
2.250  OO 
6,000  00 
1,485  00 
2,320  00 
3,500  00 
1,200  OO 
13,500  00 
5,700  00 
8,350  00 


$79,805  00 


STATISTICS    OF    ANNUAL    PRODUCTION. 


17 


I 


Copper. 

Reference:  Bulletins  23  and  50.  State  Mineralogist  Reports  VII, 
XIII. 

During  the  calendar  year  1913  sixty-three  producers  in  California 
marketed  34,471,118  pounds  of  copper  having  a  total  value  of 
$5,343,023,  or  an  average  of  15^  cents  per  pound,  as  compared  with  the 
1912  production  of  34,169,997  pounds,  worth  $5,638,049  at  the  average 
price  for  the  year  of  16^  cents  per  pound. 

The  drop  of  one  cent  per  pound  in  the  price  of  the  metal  caused  a 
considerable  decrease  in  the  total  value  of  the  copper  produced  during 
the  year  in  spite  of  the  fact  that  there  was  a  slight  increase  in  the 
total  output. 

Further  efforts  have  been  made  during  the  past  year  in  the  improve- 
ment of  methods  of  handling  the  smelter  smoke  and,  generally  speaking, 
the  agricultural  communities  in  the  neighborhood  of  several  of  the  large 
smelters  seem  to  be  satisfied,  but  many  plants  in  the  State  remain 
closed,  and  copper  production  remains  far  below  normal,  as  has  been 
the  case  for  the  past  three  years. 

Seventeen  counties  contributed  to  the  total,  as  shown  in  the  table 
below,  but  more  than  two-thirds  of  the  entire  amount  came  from  Shasta 
County,  where  the  most  extensive  copper  deposits  of  the  State  are 
located.  San  Bernardino  County  reported  the  largest  number  of  indi- 
vidual producers — twenty-one  in  all — but  they  are  in  the  main  small 
shippers.  Six  counties  produced  in  1913  which  had  no  copper  output 
during  the  previous  year,  namely — El  Dorado,  Humboldt,  Kern,  Lassen, 
Merced,  and  Tuolumne. 

Distribution  by  county  for  the  year  1913  follows : 


County 


Amount 


Value 


Amador  ..  -              _.  _        

19,023  lbs. 

5,063,187  lbs. 

693  lbs. 

7.750  lbs. 

113,860  lbs. 

3,498  lbs. 

2,259  lbs. 

532,403  lbs. 

416,031  lbs. 

19,240  lbs. 

79,319  lbs. 

429  lbs. 

17,274  lbs. 

8,971  lbs. 

497,852  lbs. 

27,688,436  lbs. 

893  lbs. 

$2,949  00 

Calaveras      _                   _ - 

784,794  00 

El  Dorado 

107  OO 

Humboldt    .       .    __ _  

1,201  00 

Inyo _      _      -      „-..__ _      

17,648  00 

Kern    -  -.                    _     .         - 

542  00 

Lassen   ._ .      _-. -    —  -. - 

350  00 

Madera 

82,522  00 

Mariposa    ._ 

64,485  00 

Merced       ..                                   _ 

2,982  OO 

Mono     -    --  .            .  -  .      .      

12,294  00 

Placer        .  _ .  _     . 

67  00 

Plumas    - - 

2,678  00 

Riverside                                         _      _ 

1,391  00 

San    Bernardino                                   _         _         _  - 

77,167  00 

Shasta   --    - --    .-    --      

4,291,708  00 

Tuolumne    _      _            -  -    -  -  - 

138  00 

Totals    -       

34,471,118  lbs. 

$5,343,023  00 

18 


MINERAL    INDUSTRY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 


Amount  and  value  of  copper  production  in  California  annually  since 
such  records  have  been  compiled  by  the  State  Mining  Bureau  is  given 
in  the  following  tabulation: 


Tear 


Amount 


Value 


1887  1,600,000  lbs. 

1888  1,570,021  lbs. 

1889  151,505  lbs. 

1890  23,347  lbs. 

1891  3,397,455  lbs. 

1892  2,980,944  lbs. 

1893  239,682  lbs. 

1894  738,594  lbs. 

1895  225,650  lbs. 

1896  1,992,844  lbs. 

1897  13,638,626  lbs. 

1898  21,543,229  lbs. 

1899  23,915,486  lbs. 

1900  29,515,512  lbs. 

1901  34,931,788  lbs. 

1902  27,860,162  lbs. 

1903  19,113,861  lbs. 

1904  29,974,154  lbs. 

1905  16,997,489  lbs. 

1906  28,726,448  lbs. 

1907  32,602,945  lbs. 

1908  40,868,772  lbs. 

1909  65,727,736  lbs. 

1910  :.-  53,721,032  lbs. 

1911  36,838,024  lbs. 

1912  34,169.997  lbs. 

1913  34,471,118  lbs. 

Total  557,536,421  lbs. 


$192,000  00 

235,303  00 

18,180  00 

3,502  00 

424,675  00 

342,808  00 

21,571  00 

72,486  00 

21,901  00 

199,519  00 

1,540,666  OO 

2,475,168  00 

3,990,534  00 

4,748,242  00 

5,501,782  00 

3,239,975  00 

2,520,997  00 

3,969,995  00 

2,650.605  OO 

5,522,712  00 

6,341,387  OO 

5,350,777  00 

8,478,142  00 

6,680,&41  00 

4,604,753  00 

5,638,049  OO 

5,343,023  00 


$80,129,393  00 


Gold. 

Reference:  All  State  Mineralogi,st  Reports.     Bulletins  38,  57,  45. 

The  California  State  Mining  Bureau  has  never  independently  col- 
lected statistics  of  gold,  silver,  and  platinum  production.  Such  figures 
in  this  Bulletin  are  obtained  from  the  U.  S.  Geological  Survey. 

The  gold  output  of  the  State  for  1913  amounted  to  $20,406,958,  an 
increase  of  3.52  per  cent  over  the  1912  production,  valued  at  $19,713,- 
478.  Not  only  is  the  1913  figure  an  increase  over  the  previous  year, 
but  it  is  the  largest  total  since  1883. 

Of  the  above  amount  $11,570,781  was  derived  from  deep  mines 
and  $8,836,177  from  the  placers  of  the  State — dredging  operations,  of 
course,  being  classed  with  placer  mining. 


STATISTICS    OF   ANNUAL   PRODUCTION. 


19 


The  following  table  shows  gold  production  by  county  in  California 
for  the  year  1913 : 


County 

Value 

County 

Value 

Alpine      .    .         -.        _-._ 

$537  00 
2,901,898  00 

Monterey   . 

$6,491  00 

Amador 

Nevada _  .. 

2,918,733  00 

Butte 

2,269,849  00 

1,175,208  OO 

2,498  00 

62,688  00 

2,846  OO 

25,611  00 

31,700'  00 

237,310  00 

649,712  OO 

2,322  00' 

14,489  00 

171,034  00 

2,255  OO 

6,061  00 

147,271  00 

Placer           .._           _..     . 

220,785  00 

Calaveras 

Plumas    - 

138,368  00 

Del  Norte                         -  - 

Riverside    .-      

12,501  00 

El  Dorado 

Sacramento    .           _  -    . 

2,503,633  OO 

Fresno            _              _     -_ 

San  Bernardino — 

356,524  00 

Humboldt                 

San  Luis  Obispo  _  . 

124  00 

Imperial   

Inyo  

Kern 

Shasta                             -  - 

1,208,870  00 

Sierra 

1,006,573  00 

Siskiyou"     _      _.        

180,125  OO 

T.,os  Anereles 

Stanislaus"-         _           _    _ 

253,166  00 

Madera                  _          --  - 

'  Trinity  _.  _  _      _ .. 

431,862  00 

MariDoso 

Tuolumne 

974,409  00 

Merced^ 

Yuba   -                            -    . 

2,491,505  00 

Modoc  

Mono 

Total      --     - 

$20,406,958  00 

'Including-  dredge  production  of  Merced  and  Siskiyou  counties. 
^Dredge  production  included  in  Stanislaus  total. 
^Dredge  production  included  in  Stanislaus  total. 

Total   Gold    Production  of  California. 

The  following  table  was  compiled  by  Clias.  G.  Yale,  of  the  Division 
of  Mineral  Resources,  U.  S.  Geological  Survey,  but  for  a  number  of 
years  Statistician  of  the  California  State  Mining  Bureau  and  the  U.  S. 
Mint  at  San  Francisco.  The  authorities  chosen  for  certain  periods 
were:  J.  D.  Whitney,  State  Geologist  of  California;  John  Arthur 
Phillips,  author  of  "Mining  and  Metallurgy  of  Gold  and  Silver" 
(1867);  U.  S.  Mining  Commissioner  R.  W.  Raymond;  U.  S.  Mining 
Commissioner  J.  Ross  Browne ;  Wm.  P.  Blake,  Commissioner  from  Cali- 
fornia to  the  Paris  Exposition,  where  he  made  a  report  on  "Precious 
Metals"  (1867)  ;  John  J.  Valentine,  author  for  many  years  of  the 
annual  report  on  precious  metals  published  by  Wells  Fargo  &  Com- 
pany's Express;  and  Louis  A.  Garnett,  in  the  early  days  manager  of 
the  San  Francisco  refinery  where  records  of  gold  receipts  and  ship- 
ments were  kept.  Mr.  Yale  obtained  other  data  from  the  reports  of 
the  director  of  the  U.  S.  Mint  and  the  director  of  the  U.  S.  Geological 
Survey.  The  authorities  referred  to,  who  were  alive  at  the  time  of 
the  original  compilation  of  this  table  in  1894,  were  all  consulted  in 
person  or  by  letter  by  Mr.  Yale  with  reference  to  the  correctness  of 
their  published  data,  and  the  final  table  quoted  was  then  made  up. 


20 


MINERAL    INDUSTEY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 


The  figures  of  the  last  eight  years  are  those  prepared  by  the  U.  S. 
Geological  Survey: 


Year 

Value      i 

1 

Year 

Value 

1848 

$245,301  OO 
10,151,360  00 
41,273,106  00 
75,938,232  00 
81,294,700  00 
67,613,487  00 
69,433,931  00 
55,485,395  00 
57,509.411  00 
43.628,172  00 

46.591.140  00 
45,846,599  00 
44,095,163  00 
41,884,995  00 
38,854,668  OO 
23,501,736  00 
24,071,423  00 
17,930.858  00 
17,123,867  OO 
18,265,452  00 
17,555,867  00 
18.229,044  00 
17,458,133  00 
17,477,885  00 
15.482,194  00 
15,019,210  00 
17.261.836  00 
16,876,009  OO 
15,610,723  00 
16501,268  00 

18.839.141  00 
19,626.654  00 
20,030,761  OO 
19,223,155  00 

1 

1882  

$17,146,416  00 

1&49    

1883  

24,316.873  00 

1850 

1884  

13,600,000  00 

1851 

1885  

12,661,044  00 

1852 

1886      -     

14,716506  00 

1853 

1887  

13,588,614  00 

1854 

1888  

12,750,000  00 

1855  

1889  

11,212,913  00 

1856 

1890  

12,309,793  00 

1857 

1891  

12,728,869  00 

1858 

1892     

12,571,900  00 

1859 

1893 

12,422,811  00 

1860 

1894  

13,923,281  00 

1861 

1895 

15,334,317  00 

1862      _   

1896  

17.181,562  00 

1863 

1897 

15,871,401  00 

1864 

1898 

15,906,478  00 

1865      — 

1899  

15,336,031  00 

1866 

1900  -  

15,863,355  00 

1867 

1901    .  .  

16,989,044  00 

1868 

1902          -   -  _ 

16,910,320  00 

1869 

1903 

16,471,264  00 

1870 

1904  -       

19,109.600  00 

1871 

1905  

19,197,043  00 

1872 

1906  

18,732,452  00 

1873 

1907        .  

16,727.928  00 

1874  

1875  

1876  

1877  

1878  

1879  

1880  

1881  

1908  

1909  

1910  

1911  

1912  

1913  

Total 

18,761,559  00 
20,237,870  00 
19,715,440  00 
19,738,908  00 
19,713,478  OO 
20,406,958  00 

$1,588,087,904  00 

Iron   Ore. 

Eeference:  State  Mineralogist  Reports  II,  IV,  V,  X,  XII,  XIII. 

Bulletin  38. 

Production  of  iron  ore  in  California  in  1913  amounted  to  2,343  .short 
tons,  valued  at  a  total  of  $-4,485,  as  compared  to  the  1912  output  of 
2.508  tons,  worth  $2,508. 

Deposits  of  iron  ore  of  varying  size  and  quality  are  known  to  exist 
in  thirty-one  of  the  fifty-eight  counties  of  the  State,  but  to  date  very 
little  development  has  been  done.  The  future  possibilities  of  this 
branch  of  the  mineral  industry  in  California  are  almost  unlimited,  as 
far  as  ore  resources  are  concerned,  but  the  lack  of  available  coking 
coal,  and  other  economic  problems,  have  so  far  acted  as  an  effective 
barrier  toward  advancement  along  these  lines. 


STATISTICS   OF   ANNUAL   PEODUCTION. 


21 


Total  iron  ore  production  in  the  State,  with  annual  amounts  and 
values,  is  as  follows: 


Tear 

Amount 

Value 

1893                                       

250  tons 
200  tons 
400  tons 
108  tons 
579  tons 
558  tons 
2,508  tons 
2,343  tons 

$2,000  00 

1894                                          --    - 

1,500  CO 

1907                                             

400  00 

1909                                                 

174  00 

1910            -    

900  00 

1911       ...      

558  00 

1912        -             -    — 

2,508  00 

1913             ..          .     .                                          

4,485  OO 

Totals 

6,946  tons 

$12,525  00 

Lead. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Reports  IV,  VIII,  X. 

Thirty-seven  producers,  twenty-two  of  whom  were  located  in  Inyo 
County,  produced  3,640,951  pounds  of  lead  in  1913  having  a  total  value 
of  $160,202,  as  compared  with  the  1912  output  of  1,370,067  pounds, 
worth  $61,653.  This  large  increase  w^as  the  direct  result  of  the  active 
operation  of  several  lead  properties  in  Inyo  County  wiiich  were  idle 
during  the  previous  year.  The  average  price  received  for  this  metal 
during  1913  was  4.4  cents  per  pound,  as  compared  with  4.5  cents,  which 
held  for  1912.  Galena,  the  most  common  lead  ore  in  the  State,  is  widely 
distributed  and  is  very  commonly  associated  with  ores  of  gold,  silver, 
and  copper. 

Tabulated  county  returns  for  1913,  showing  amount  and  value  in 
each  instance,  are  as  follows: 


County 


Amount 


Value 


Calaveras    7,006  lbs. 

Inyo  '    3,322,308  lbs. 


Kern    

Nevada  

Placer  

Plumas 

San  Bernardino 

Shasta   _ 

Sierra  

Tuolumne 


Totals 


1,376  lbs. 

2,090  lbs. 

805  lbs. 

5,621  lbs. 

279,241  lbs. 

19,070  lbs. 

2,228  lbs. 

1,206  lbs. 


3,&10,951  lbs. 


$308  00 

146,182  OO 

61  00 

92  00 

35  00 

247  00 

12,287  00 

839  00 

98  00 

53  00 


$160,202  00 


22 


MINEKAL    INDUSTRY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 


Statistics  on  lead  production  in  California  were  first  compiled  by  this 
Bureau  in  1887.  Amount  and  value  of  the  output,  annually,  with  total 
figures,  to  date,  are  given  in  the  following  table : 


Year 


1887  

1888  

1889  

1890  

1891  

1892  

1893  

1894  

1895  

1896  

1897  

1898  

1899  

1900  - 

1901  

1902  . 

1903  

1904  

1905  

1906  

1907  

1908  

1909  

1910  

1911  

1912  

1913  

Totals  14,776  tons 


Amount 

Value 

580  tons 

$52,200  00 

450  tons 

38,250  00 

470  tons 

35,720  00 

400  tons 

36,000  00 

570  tons 

49,020  00 

680  tons 

54,400  00 

333  tons 

24,975  OO 

475  tons 

28,500  00 

796  tons 

49,364  OO 

646  tons 

38,805  00 

298  tons 

20,264  00 

328  tons 

23,907  00 

360  tons 

30,642  00 

520  tons 

41,600  00 

360  tons 

28,820  00 

175  tons 

12,230  00 

55  tons 

3,960  00 

62  tons 

5,270  00 

266  tons 

25,083  00 

169  tons 

19,307  00 

164  tons 

16,690  00 

562  tons 

46,663  00 

1,343  tons 

144,897  OO 

1,508  tons 

134,082  00 

701  tons 

63,173  00 

685  tons 

61,653  00 

1,820  tons 

160,202  00 

$1,245,677  00 


Molybdenum. 

Reference:  Bulletin  67,  "MoWbdenite." 

Molybdenum  is  used  to  a  limited  extent  in  the  steel  industry,  and 
experiments  have  been  carried  on  with  a  view  toward  using  this  metal 
in  the  manufacture  of  filaments  for  electric  bulbs.  Deposits  of  molyb- 
denum ores  have  been  observed  in  several  localities  in  California,  but 
no  commercial  production  has  been  attempted  to  date. 

The  above  reference  gives  detailed  data  on  occurrence,  character- 
istics, etc.,  of  this  material. 

Platinum. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Reports  XII,  XIII.  Bulletin  38. 
The  platinum  annually  produced  in  California  comes  almost  entirely 
as  an  incidental  discovery  in  dredging  and  other  gold  placer  operations. 
According  to  the  U.  S.  Geological  Survey  the  actual  platinum  output 
for  the  State  during  the  calendar  year  1913  was  368  ounces,  valued 
at  $17,738,  as  compared  with  the  1912  production  of  603  ounces,  worth 
$19,731. 


STATISTICS    OF    ANNUAL    PRODUCTION. 


23 


Total  amount  and  value  of  platinum  production  in  California,  by 
years,  is  shown  in  the  following  tabulation: 


Tear 

Amount 

Value 

1887  

100 
500 
500 
600 
lOO 
80 
75 
100 
150 
162 
150 
300 
300 
250 
39 

ozs. 
ozs. 
ozs. 
ozs. 
ozs. 
ozs. 
ozs. 
ozs. 
ozs. 
ozs. 
ozs. 
ozs. 
ozs. 
ozs. 
ozs. 

$400  00 

1888  

2,000  00 

1889  

2,000  00 

1890 _  _  ..   .       -   - 

2,500  00 

1891  _    -                           

500  00 

1892  

440  00 

1893 

517  00 

1894 -. 

600  00 

1895    -  --  -_   _     

900  00 

1896  

944  00 

1897 

900  00 

1898  

1,800  00 

1899  .  --  

1,800  00 

1901            --               

3,200  00 

1902  

468  00 

1903  ---   --  

1,052  00 

1904    

1,849  00 

]g05            -  -        .-- 

20O 
91 
30O 
706 
416 
337 
511 
603 
368 

ozs. 
ozs. 
ozs. 
ozs. 
ozs. 
ozs. 
ozs. 
ozs. 
ozs. 

3,320  00 

1906  -.  --  

1,647  00 

1907 -  -  

6,255  00 

1908    .  .   

13,414  00 

1909                    -  -   -- 

10,400  00 

1910  

8,386  00 

1911      -_--..  -  -  - 

14,873  00 

1912    —  --  -  --  

19,731  00 

1913 

17.738  00 

Totals    -   _---     -_--   -   __ 

6,938 

ozs. 

.1;117,634  00 

Quicksilver. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Reports  IV,  X,  XII,  XIII.  Bul- 
letin 27. 

Reports  were  received  from  sixty-one  quicksilver  mines,  only  16  of 
W'hich  were  operative  during  the  year  1913.  The  active  mines  were 
distributed  through  eight  counties  and  the  production  amounted  to 
15,661  flasks  of  75  pounds,  valued  at  $630,042,  or  an  average  of  $40.23 
per  flask,  as  compared  with  the  1912  output  of  20,600  flasks,  worth 
$866,024,  or  an  average  of  $42.04  per  flask. 

This  is  a  decrease  in  amount  of  4,939  flasks,  and  in  value  of  $235,982 
and  a  decrease  in  the  average  price  per  flask  of  $1.81.  Three  hundred 
and  thirty-seven  men  were  employed  in  the  quicksilver  mines  and 
reduction  plants  during  the  year. 

Fresno,  Lake,  and  San  Luis  Obispo  counties  reported  an  increase  in 
production  for  1913  over  the  previous  year;  San  Benito,  Santa  Clara, 
Sonoma,  and  Trinity  counties  fell  off  to  a  considerable  extent ;  and  the 
Napa  County  output  was  indentical  with  that  of  1912.     Some  develop- 


24 


MINERAL    INDUSTEY    OF    CALIFOENIA. 


ment  work  was  carried  on  in  the  non-producing  mines,  but  on  the  whole 
1913  was  the  quietest  year  ever  experienced  by  the  industry  since 
records  have  been  kept  by  the  Mining  Bureau, 

The  following  table  shows  distribution  by  counties  in   1913,  with 
increase  or  decrease  in  amount  in  each  instance,  as  compared  with  1912 : 


County 

Amount 

Value 

Increase 

Decrease 

Fresno 

375  flasks 

395  flasks 

287  flasks 

9,719  flasks 

1,160  flasks 

3,709  flasks 

12  flasks 

4  flasks 

$15,086  00 

15,891  00 

11,546  00 

390,995  00 

46,667  00 

149.213  00 

483  00 

161  00 

39  flasks 
186  flasks 

Lake    

Napa  

San  Benito 

24  flasks 

Ran  Tjiiis  Obisno 

494  flasks 

Santa   Clara 

4,986  flasks 

Sonoma 

634  flasks 

Trinity               

14  flasks 

Totals 

15.661  flasks            $am042  00 

4,939  flasks 

. 

The  total  amount  and  value  of  the  quicksilver  production  of  Cali- 
fornia since  records  were  first  compiled  by  the  State  Mining  Bureau 
are  given  in  the  following  tabulation: 


Year 

Amount 

Value 

1887    

33,760  flasks 
33,250  flasks 
26,464  flasks 
22,926  flasks 
22,904  flasks 
27,933  flasks 
30,164  flasks 
30,416  flasks 
36,104  flasks 
30,765  flasks 
26,&18  flasks 
31,092  flasks 
29,454  flasks 
26,317  flasks 
26,720  flasks 
29,552  flasks 
32,094  flasks 
28,876  flasks 
24,655  flasks 
19,516  flasks 
17,379  flasks 
18,039  flasks 
16,217  flasks 
17,665  flasks 
19,109  flasks 
20,600  flasks 
15.661  flasks 

$1,425,000  00 

1888    

1,413,125  00 

1889   

1.190,500  00 

1890   

1,203,615  00 

1891     

1,036,386  00 

1892     .-     _ 

1,139,600  00 

1893   

1,108,527  00 

1894   

934,000  00 

1895  

1,337,131  00 

1896   

1,075,449  00 

1897   _      

993,445  00 

1898   

1,188,626  00 

1899  

1,405,045  00 

1900 

1,182,786  00 

1901   

1,285,014  00 

1902 

1,276,524  00 

1903   

1,335,954  00 

1904   

1,086,323  00 

1905 

886,081  00 

1906     

712,334  00 

1907 

663,178  00 

1908               -                — -           

763,520  00 

1909   

773,788  00 

1910 

799,002  00 

1911       --                    -      —    -  - 

879.205  00 

1912   

866,024  00 

1913 — .            

630,042  00 

Totals 

694,280  flasks 

$28,590,224  00 

STATISTICS    OF   AXNUAL    PRODUCTION". 


25 


Silver. 

Reference:  State  INIineralogist  Reports  IV,  VIII,  XII. 

Silver  production  in  California  during  the  3'ear  1913  amounted  to 
$832,553,  as  compared  with  the  1912  output  of  $799,584,  according  to 
Ihe  records  of  the  United  States  Geological  Survey,  from  which  source 
these  figures,  along  with  gold  and  platinum,  are  derived.  The  average 
price  for  the  year  was  60.4  cents  per  ounce,  a  decrease  from  the  average 
price  of  61.5  cents  which  was  paid  for  silver  during  1912. 

Tabulated  county  production  returns  are  as  follows : 


Alpine  .. 

$4  00 

18,097  00 

5,163  00 

61,076  00 

16  00 

250  00 

15  00 

132  00' 

94  00 

136,854  OO 

11,851  00 

2  00 

27  00 

1.617  00 

Monterey   

Nevada    ._  _      

$27  00 

Amador _ 

26,542  OO 

Butte 

Placer    __  _    ._ .  _ 

2,972  00 
705  00 

Calaveras 

Plumas - 

Del  Norte               _      _        __ 

Riverside   

Sacramento 

104  00 

El  Dorado     

3,406  00 

Fresno     .._..-----__ 

San  Bernardino 

44,413  00 

Humboldt    

Imperial 

San  Luis   Obispo 

Shasta  _ 

1  00 
448,031  00 

Invo        -  -  _  . - 

Sierra  

4.805  00 

Kern 

Siskiyou"   _____ 

1,228  OO 

Lassen     -      _      _ 

Stanislaus^  __ 

671  00 

Los  Anffeles 

Trinity      _ 

2,119  00 

Madera 

Tuolumne, 

24,381  00 

Mariposa         _             _      _ 

7,430  00  1  Tuba 

7,571  00 

Merced"     _  _  _ 

92  00 

94  00 

23,263  00 

Total  

IVIodoo 

Mono _ 

$832,553  00 

'Including  dredge  production  of  Merced  and  Siskiyou. 
^Dredge  production  included  in  Stanislaus  total. 
^Dredge  production  included  in  Stanislaus  total. 


Annual  value  of  the  silver  production  in  California,  1887-1913  in- 
clusive, is  shown  in  the  following  table: 


Tear 


Value 


Tear 


Value 


1887  $1,632,003  00 

188S  1,700,000  OO 

1889  754,793  OO 

1890  1,060,613  00 

1891  953,157  00 

1892  463,602  00 

1893  537,157  00 

1894  i  297,332  OO 

1895  '  599,789  00 

1896  422,463  00 

1897  452,789  00 

1898  414,055  CO 

1899  504,012  00 

1900  1,510,344  00 

1901  1,229,356  00 


1902  $616,412  00 

1903  517,444  00 

1904  873,525  00 

1905  678,494  00 

1906  817,830  00 

1907  751,646  00 

1908  873,057  00 

1909  1,091,092  00 

1910  993,&16  00 

1911   673,336  00 

1912   799,584  00 

1913  832,553  00 

Total   $22,050,084  00 


26 


MINEEAL    INDUSTRY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 


Tungsten. 

Reference:  Bulletin  38. 

Tungsten  was  first  commercially  produced  in  California  in  1905. 
This  metal  is  used  in  the  steel  industry  and  as  a  filament  in  electric 
light  bulbs.  The  value  of  the  ore  is  based  upon  the  content  of  tungstic 
trioxide  (WOg),  and  quotations  are  commonly  made  per  unit  of  WO3 
present. 

During  the  year  1913  the  tungsten  ore  produced  in  the  State 
amounted  to  7,592  tons,  valued  at  $234,673,  as  compared  with  the  1912 
output  of  8,042  tons,  worth  $206,000. 

The  annual  value  of  tungsten  produced  in  California  since  the  incep- 
tion of  the  industry  is  given  herewith : 


Year 

Value 

¥ear 

Value 

1905 

$18,800  00 
189,100  00 
120,587  00 
37.750  00 
190,500  00 
208,245  00 

1911 
1912 
1913 

$127,706  00 

1906 

206,000  00 

1907  ... 

1908  — 

1909  — 
1910 

Total      —  - 

234,673  00 

$1,333,361  00 

Tin. 

Reference:  Bulletin  67,  " Cassiterite. " 

A  small  deposit  of  tin  ore,  cassiterite,  located  near  Corona,  in  Eiver- 
side  County,  was  operated  during  the  years  1891-92.  Amount  and 
value  of  the  output  during  that  time  is  tabulated  below.  No  other 
commercial  production  of  tin  has  ever  been  made  in  California,  and 
no  deposits  of  anj^  size  are  known.  Small  quantities  of  stream  tin  have 
been  found  in  some  of  the  placer  workings  in  northern  California,  but 
never  in  paying  amounts. 

Total  output  of  tin  in  California: 


Year 

Amount 

Value 

1891                   .          -  _    .-.      — 

i 

125,289  lbs.  i 
126,000  lbs. 

$27,564  00 

1892                      -           -               ---    -- 

32,400  00 

Totals 

251,289  lbs. 

$59,964  00 

Vanadium. 

No  commercial  production  of  vanadium  has  ever  been  made  in  Cali- 
fornia. Traces  of  this  metal  have  been  found  in  the  southeastern 
portion  of  the  State  and  two  companies  have  done  considerable  devel- 
opment work  recently  in  the  endeavor  to  open  up  paying  quantities 
of  vanadium  ore.  There  is  a  growing  demand  for  vanadium,  for  use 
in  the  steel  industry. 


STATISTICS   OF   ANNUAL   PRODUCTION.  27 

Zinc. 

Reference:  Bulletin  38. 

Althougli  zinc  has  long  been  known  as  an  ingredient  in  many  of  the 
copper  and  other  ores  of  the  State,  the  first  commercial  production 
occurred  in  1906.  During  1913, 1,157,947  pounds  of  zinc  were  marketed 
having  a  total  value  of  $64,845,  as  compared  with  the  1912  output  of 
4,331,391  pounds,  worth  $298,866.  The  average  price  per  pound  for 
1913  was  5.6  cents,  as  compared  with  6.9  cents  for  the  previous  year. 
The  principal  sources  of  zinc  ores  are  Inyo,  San  Bernardino,  and  Shasta 
counties. 

Total  production  figures  for  zinc  output  of  the  State  are  as  follows: 


Year 


Amount  I         Value 


1906  I !  $12,566  00 

1907  :  10,598  00 

1908  i !  3,544  OO 

1911  !  2,679,842  lbs.  I  152,751  00 

1912  1  4,331,391  lbs.  j  298,866  00 

1913   '    1,157,947  lbs.  '  64,845  OO 

(  i 

Total    $543,170  00 


28 


MINERAL    INDUSTEY    OF    CALIFOItNlA. 


CHAPTER  FOUR. 


STRUCTURAL  MATERIALS. 

As  indicated  by  this  chapter  heading,  the  mineral  substances  herein 
considered  are  those  more  or  less  directly  used  in  building  and  struc- 
tural work.  This  branch  of  the  mineral  industry  for  1913  was  valued 
at  $17,664,328.  Only  a  few  years  ago  its  value  was  of  no  significance 
in  considering  the  total  mineral  production  of  the  State.  With  the 
growth,  in  population  and  otherwise,  of  California,  this  subdivision  of 
the  mineral  industry  in  the  State  will  increase  indefinitely.  Deposits 
of  granite,  marble  and  other  building  stones  are  distributed  widely 
throughout  the  State,  and  slowly  but  surely  transportation  and  other 
facilities  are  being  extended  so  that  the  growing  demand  may  be  met. 
The  largest  single  item,  cement,  has  an  unparalleled  record  of  growth 
since  the  inception  of  the  industry  in  California  twenty-three  j^ears 
ago.  Not  until  1904  did  the  annual  value  of  cement  produced  reach 
the  million  dollar  mark.  It  has  increased  500  per  cent  in  nine  years. 
Crushed  rock  production  is  yearly  becoming  more  worthy  of  consid- 
eration, due  to  the  wonderful  strides  recently  taken  in  concrete  build- 
ing, as  well  as  to  activity  in  the  building  of  good  roads.  Brick,  with 
an  annual  output  worth  nearly  $3,000,000,  is  slowly  decreasing,  due 
to  the  popularity  of  cement  and  concrete,  but  nevertheless  this  item 
will  be  an  important  one  for  many  j^ears  to  come,  and,  of  course,  a 
market  for  fire  and  fancy  brick  of  all  kinds  will  never  be  lacking. 

The  following  table  gives  the  comparative  figures  for  the  value  of 
structural  materials  produced  in  California  during  the  years  1912  and 
1913.  Thirty-nine  counties  contributed  to  this  total,  and  there  is  not 
a  county  in  the  State  which  is  not  capable  of  a  considerable  output  of 
at  least  one   of  the  following  classes  of  material. 

Structural  materials,  by  value,  1912-1913,  showing  increase  or 
decrease  in  each  instance : 


Substance 

Value,  1913 

Value,  1912 

Increase  value       ; 

Decrease  value 

Bituminous  rock  

Brick      _ 

$78,479  00 

2,915,350  00 

7,743,024  00 

12,700  00 

528,547  00 

77,056  OO 

113,282  00 

27,870  00 

6,168,020  00 

$87,467  00    . 
2,940.290  OO    - 
6,074,661  00 
11,260  00 
464,440  00 
105,120  OO   - 
74,120  00 
22,574  00 
5,473,928  00 

$8,988  00 
24,940  00 

Cement    .- 

$1,668,363  00   . 

1,440  00   . 

64,107  00   . 

Chrome 

Lime 

Magnesite   _- .  _ 

28,064  00 

Marble _    _ 

39,162  00   . 

5,296  00    - 

694,092  00    . 

$2,410,468  00 

Sandstone 

Stone   industry 

Totals      . 

$17,664,328  00 

$15,253,860'  00 

Total  increase 

STATISTICS    OF   AXXL'AL   PEODUCTION.  29 

Asphalt. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Reports  VTI,  X,  XII,  XIII.  Bul- 
letins 16  and  32. 

Deposits  of  natural  asphalt  exist  in  nearly  all  the  coast  counties  of 
California  between  San  Francisco  and  Los  Angeles.  At  various  times 
in  the  past  small  amounts  of  this  natural  substance  have  been  used, 
but  on  account  of  the  large  quantity  of  crude  oil  of  asphalt  base  which 
is  annually  refuied  here  it  has  been  found  that  a  better  grade  of  asphalt 
can  be  produced  for  less  money  than  the  natural  deposits  afford.  Con- 
sequently, no  asphalt  is  mined  or  quarried  in  the  natural  state. 

During  the  calendar  year  1913,  344,000  tons  of  the  refined  product, 
valued  at  $2,752,000,  or  $8  per  ton,  were  sold,  as  compared  with  the 
1912  output  of  250,000  tons,  valued  at  $2,500,000.  These  figures  are 
only  presumed  to  be  approximate  and  are  not  added  to  the  total  of 
the  State's  mineral  output  because  the  value  of  the  crude  petroleum 
from  Avhich  it  was  manufactured  has  been  included  and  the  addition 
of  the  value  of  this  by-product  would  give  a  false  result,  too  high  by 
the  above  amount.  The  great  bulk  of  the  asphalt  produced  is  used  in 
street  paving,  although  it  has  various  other  growing  uses,  such  as  for 
roofing,  insulating,  as  a  preservative  for  piling,  etc. 

Forty-eight  companies  o\\ti  refineries  in  the  State,  either  operating 
or  capable  of  being  operated.  Several  companies  own  more  than  one 
plant.  These  refineries  are  located  either  adjacent  to  the  oil  fields 
in  Fresno,  Kern,  Los  Angeles,  Orange,  and  Santa  Barbara  counties,  or 
at  tide  water  in  the  neighborhood  of  San  Francisco,  San  Diego,  and 
A^entura. 

Bituminous    Rock. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Reports  XII,  XIII. 

Reports  were  received  by  the  State  Mining  Bureau  from  nine  com- 
panies owning  bituminous  rock  quarries.  But  three  were  active  during 
1913.  The  total  output  for  the  year  amounted  to  37,541  tons,  valued 
at  $78,479,  an  average  of  $2.09  per  ton,  as  compared  with  the  1912 
production  of  44,073  tons,  w^orth  $87,467.  This  material  is  in  reality 
only  a  poor  grade  of  natural  asphalt  and  production  is  annually  declin- 
ing because  of  the  fact  that  asphalt  from  the  various  oil  refineries  is 
continually  becoming  cheaper  and  more  available  for  use  in  all  parts 
of  the  State. 

Distribution  by  county  for  1913  is  as  follows: 


County  Amount 


Value 


San  Luis  Obispo. 
Santa  Barbara  _. 
Santa   Oruz   


609  tons 

10,000  tons 


$1,149  00 
10,000  GO 


26,932  tons  '       67,330  00 


Totals 


37,541  tons        $78,479  00 


30 


MINERAL    INDUSTRY    OF   CALIFORNIA, 


The  following  tabulation  shows  the  total  amount  and  value  of  bitu- 
minous rock  quarried  and  sold  in  California  since  the  first  records 
were  compiled  by  the  State  Mining  Bureau,  annually,  since  1887 : 


Bituminous  Rock. 


Year 

Amount 

Value 

Year 

Amount 

Value 

1887    

1888    

1889    

1890    

1891    

1892    

1893    

1894    

1895    

1896    

1897    

36,000  tons 
50,000  tons 
40,000  tons 
40,000  tons 
39,962  tons 
24,000  tons 
32,000  tons 
31,214  tons 
38,921  tons 
49,456  tons 
45,470  tons 
46,836  tons 
40,321  tons 
25,306  tons 
24,052  tons 

$160,000  00 

257,000  00 

170,000  OO 

170,000  00' 

154,164  00 

72,000  00 

192,036  00 

115,193  00 

121,586  00 

122,500  00 

128,173  OO 

137,575  00 

116,097  00 

71,495  00 

66,354  00 

1902    

1903    

1904    

1905    

1906    

1907    

1908    

1909    

1910    

1911    

1912    

33,490  tons 
21,944  tons 
45,280  tons 
24,753  tons 
16,077  tons 

24.122  tons 
30,718  tons 

34.123  tons 
87,547  tons 
75,125  tons 
44,073  tons 
37,541  tons 

$43,411  00 

53,106  00 

175,680  00 

60,436  00 

45,204  00 

72,835  00 

109,818  00 

116,436  00 

165,711  00 

117,279  00 

87,467  00 

1898 

1913      

78,479  00 

1899    

1900    

1901    

Totals  — 

1,038,331  tons     $3,180,035  OO 

Brick. 

Reference:  Bulletin  38. 

Sixty-two  brick  yards  distributed  through  twenty-six  counties  pro- 
duced 358,754  thousand  brick  of  all  kinds  during  1913,  having  a  total 
value  of  $2,915,350,  or  a  general  average  value  of  $7.87  per  thousand. 
As  compared  to  the  previous  year  these  figures  show  an  increase  in 
amount,  but  a  decrease  in  value,  as  the  1912  output  amounted  to 
337,233,  worth  $2,940,290,  with  a  general  average  value  of  $8.71  per 
thousand.  A  great  variety  of  brick  is  annually  produced  in  the  State, 
including  common,  fire,  pressed,  glazed,  sand  lime,  and  others.  As 
far  as  possible  the  different  kinds  have  been  segregated  in  the  following 
tabulation,  but  in  many  cases  operators  report  their  total  without  any 
classification  and  such  figures  are  of  necessity  listed  as  miscellaneous. 
It  will  therefore  be  understood  that  in  no  case  does  the  total  of  a 
subdivision  represent  the  true  amount  if  figures  are  also  given  in  the 
miscellaneous  column. 

According  to  Bulletin  No.  38,  issued  by  the  California  State  Mining 
Bureau,  the  following  analyses  show  the  average  and  the  maximum 
and  minimum  of  the  ingredients  commonly  occurring  in  brick  clays. 
A  clay  in  which  the  percentage  of  any  one  or  more  of  the  ingredients  j 
mentioned  is  much  above  the  maximum  given  or  below  the  minimum 
will  prove  an  inferior,  if  not  worthless,  clay  for  even  common  brick. 


STATISTICS   OF   ANNUAL   PEODUCTION. 
Chemical  Analyses  of  Common -brick  Clays. 


31 


Maximum 


Silica  (SiO.."),  combined- 
Silica  sand 

Alumina   (ALOa) 

Water    (H.O),  combined 

Water  moisture 

Iron  oxide   (FcOa) 

Lime  (CaO) 

Magnesia  (MgO) 

Alkalies   (KoO,  Na,0)  — 


30.0% 
60.0% 
25.0% 
9.0% 
6.0% 
8.0% 
7.0% 
7.0% 
7.0% 


The  detailed  figures  of  brick  production  for  1913,  by  counties,  are 
as  follows : 


3—12524 


32 


MINEEAL    INDUSTRY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 


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STATISTICS    OF   ANNUAL   PRODUCTION.  33 

Record  of  brick  production  in  the  State  has  been  kept  since  1893  by 
this  Bureau.  The  annual  and  total  figures  since  that  date,  for  amount 
and  value,  are  given  in  the  following  table: 

''^^  thousands         '  ^  al"e 


1893  103.900  M  $801,750  00 

1894  81,675  M  ,  457,125  00 

1895  131,772  M  I  672,.360  00 

1896  24,000  M  I  524,740  00 

1897  97,468  M  563,240  00 

1898  100,102  M  571,362  00 

1899  12.5,950  M  754,730  00 

1900  137,191  M  I  905,210  00 

1901  1  1.30,766  M  860,488  00 

1902  169,851  M  1,306,215  00 

1903  214,403  M  1,999.546  00 

1904  281,750  M  I  1,994,740  00 

1905  286,618  M  2.273,786  00 

1906  277,762  M  2,538,848  00 

1907  362,167  M  3,4.38.951  00 

1908  a32,872  M  j  2,506,495  00 

1909  333,846  M  '  3,059,929  00 

1910  340,883  M  !  2,934.731  00 

1911  327,474  M  '  2,638,121  00 

1912  337,233  M  2,940.290  00 

1913  358,754  M  2,915,350  00 

Totals   4,556,440  M  I  $36,658,007  00 


Cement. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Reports  VIII,  IX,  XII.    Bulletin  38. 

Cement  production  in  California  during  the  calendar  year  1913 
amounted  to  6,167,806  barrels,  valued  at  $7,743,024,  as  compared  with 
6,198,634  barrels,  worth  $6,074,661,  produced  in  1912,  or  a  decrease  of 
30,828  barrels  in  amount,  and  an  increase  of  $1,668,363  in  value. 
Seven  plants,  employing  3,256  men,  were  operative  during  the  year. 

The  cement  industry  is  so  centralized  that  it  is  impossible  to  appor- 
tion the  production  to  the  counties  in  Avhich  plants  are  located  without 
making  private  business  public. 

Cement  was  first  commercially  produced  in  the  State  in  1891.  While 
the  total  figures  are  not  of  the  same  magnitude  as  those  for  gold  and 
petroleum,  the  growth  of  the  industry  has  been  more  than  rapid,  and 
a  comparison  of  the  annual  figures  representing  the  output  since  the 
inception  of  the  industry  is  of  interest. 


34  MINEKAL   INDUSTKY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 

Annual  production  of  cement  in  California  is  as  follows: 


Year 

Amount 

Value 

1891                                                             -      

5,000  bbls. 
5,000  bbls. 

$15,000  00 

1892                                                           -     

15,000  00 

1893                                                              -  _     - 

1894          .                       __      

8,000  bbls. 

16,383  bbls. 

9,.500  bbls. 

18,000  bbls. 

50,000  bbls. 

60,000  bbls. 

52,000  bbls. 

71,800  bbls. 

171,000  bbls. 

640,868  bbls. 

969,-538  bbls. 

1,265,553  bbls. 

1,286,000  bbls. 

1,61.3,-563  bbls. 

1,629,615  bbls. 

,3,779,205  bbls. 

5,453,193  bbls. 

6,-371,369  bbls. 

6,198,634  bbls. 

6,167,806  bbls. 

21,600  00 

1895          -                          — 

32,5-56  00 

1896                                _               _      -        

28,2.50  00 

1897                                                                   

66,000  00 

1898                                                           -    

150,000  00 

1899                                                      -      -  - 

180,000  00 

1900                                                       

121,000  00 

1901 

159,842  00 

1902                                                              -          

423,600  00 

968.727  00 

1904  

1,5-39,807  00 

1,791,916  00 

1906                                                                   - 

1,941,2-50  00 

1907 --.      ..        

2,585,577  00 

1908                                                           -  -      --     

2,359,692  00 

1909                                      _                ..      .    - 

4,969,437  00 

1910     

7,485.715  00 

1911        -  - 

9,085,625  00 

1912                                          .    

6,074,661  00 

1913                          ._.    

7,743,024  00 

35,842,027  bbls. 

$47,758,279  00 

Chrome. 

Reference:     State  Mineralogist  Reports  IV,  XII.     Bulletin  38. 

The  total  output  of  chromic  iron  ore  in  California  for  1913  was 
almost  the  same  as  for  the  previous  year,  although  the  sources  from 
which  it  was  derived  were  different  to  some  extent. 

This  material  is  found  widely  distributed  throughout  the  State,  but 
owing  to  the  fact  that  freight  rates  to  the  principal  markets  in  the 
East  are  so  high,  local  producers  have  to  depend  on  a  very  limited  and 
fluctuating  demand  on  the  Pacific  coast.  Furthermore,  the  supply 
required  at  any  particular  time  is  usually  procured  from  the  nearest 
deposit,  and  the  result  is  aptly  illustrated  by  the  county  returns  of  the 
past  two  years,  as  follows: 


County 

1912 

1913 

Amount 

Value 

Amount 

Value 

Calaveras            -    

900  tons 

$9,900  00 

Fresno 



50  tons 

1,000  tons 

220  tons 

$950  00 
8,000  00 
2,310  00 

Shasta 

280  tons 

2,800  00 

Siskivou 

Totals      -  . 

1,270  tons 

$11,260  GO 

1,180  tons 

$12,700  00 

STATISTICS   OF   ANNUAL   PRODUCTION. 


3:1 


This  branch  of  the  mineral  industry  is  capable  of  great  expansion, 
were  a  permanent  market  assured.  Owners  of  properties  almost  unani- 
mously report  large  deposits  of  good  grade  material,  but  no  demand. 

The  two  active  properties  last  year  employed  ten  men  in  their  opera- 
tion. Open  cut  method  of  mining  was  used  and  in  one  ease  haulage 
was  by  aerial  tram  and  wagon  before  reaching  the  railroad. 

Chromite  has  been  produced  to  some  extent  in  California  since  1887, 
when  the  first  accurate  mineral  production  records  were  compiled  by 
the  State  Mining  Bureau. 

The  annual  output  of  chromite  since  1887  is  as  follows: 


Year 


Amount 


Value 


1887 
1888 
1889 
1890 
1891 
1892 
1893 
18S4 
18G.5 
1896 
1897 
1898 
1889 
1900 
1901 
1902 
1903 

u:04 

190.5 
1906 
1907 
K08 
1909 
1910 
1911 
1912 
1913 


3,000  tons 
1,.500  tons 
2,000  tons 
3,599  tons 
1,372  tons 
1,500  tons 
3,319  tons 
3,680  tons 
1,740  tons 
786  tons 


Totals 


28,933  tons 


$10,000  00 
20,000  00 
30,000  00 
53,985  00 
20.580  00 
22,503  00 
49,785  00 
39,980  CO 
16,795  00 
7,775  00 


140  tons 

1,400  00 

130  tons 

1.950  00 

315  tons 

4,725  00 

1.50  tons 

2,250  CO 

123  tons 

1,845  00 

40  tons 

600  00 

317  tons 

2,859  CO 

302  tons 

6,040  00 

3.50  tons 

6,W5  00 

436  tons 

5,303  CO 

749  tons 

9,707  00 

935  tons 

14,197  00 

1,270  tons 

11,260  00 

1,180  tons 

12,700  00 

$382,437  00 


Lime. 

Reference:  Bulletin  38. 
Eleven  counties  reported  a  production  of  613,444  barrels  of  lime 
during  1913  having  a  total  value  of  $528,547,  or  an  average  of  86  cents 
per  barrel,  spot  value.  As  compared  with  the  output  of  1912,  consist- 
ing of  522,118  barrels,  worth  $464,440,  this  is  an  increase  of  91,326 
barrels,  in  amount,  and  $64,107  in  value,  but  a  decrease  of  3  cents  in 
the  average  price  per  barrel. 


36 


MINERAL   INDUSTRY   OP    CALIFORNIA. 


Distribution  by  counties  is  shown  in  the  following  table: 


County 

Amount 

Value 

Alameda      _ .           _                                    

5,000  bbls. 

1,000  bbls 

150,551  bbls. 

135,000  bbls. 

2,135  bbls. 

121,544  bbls. 

26,512  bbls. 

13,107  bbls. 

75,000  bbls. 

8,595  bbls. 

75,000  bbls. 

$5,000  00 

Amador      . 

1,200  00 

Contra  Costa .      _            ._         . - 

127,968  00 

Kern .            _    . 

91,200  00 

Mono    -__-_- _- 

1,600  00 

San  Bernardino     .  _      -        ._        _    .        .-  _.    _ 

113,856  00 

Santa  Barbara 

25,910  00 

Santa  Clara    .      .      _                                     .  _       __  . 

9,783  00 

Santa  Cruz    .  _                           _    

60,000  00 

Shasta     .  _ 

7,030  00 

Tuolumne  ..  .  _ 

85,000  00 

Totals    -_    -. 

613,444  bbls. 

$528,547  00 

Magnesite. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Reports  XII,  XIII.     Bulletin  38. 

Reports  from  owners  of  twenty-four  magnesite  properties  located  in 
nine  counties  of  the  State  were  received  by  the  Mining  Bureau  for  the 
calendar  year  1913.  Actual  production  was  comparatively  small,  only 
9,632  tons  having  been  produced,  having  an  arbitrary  value  of  $77,056. 
In  considering  mineral  production  the  value  of  the  crude  material  is 
invariably  used.  Magnesite  presents  a  peculiar  example  of  a  material 
which  is  not  handled  on  the  market  in  the  crude  state.  It  is  all  calcined 
and  ground  before  being  considered  marketable.  The  value  of  the 
calcined  magnesite  varies,  but  rarely  if  ever  falls  below  $20  per  ton. 
Roughly,  two  and  a  half  tons  of  the  crude  material  make  one  ton  of 
the  calcined.  Hence  the  derivation  of  the  foregoing  stated  total  value 
of  the  crude  production,  figured  on  a  basis  of  $8.00  per  ton. 

Magnesite  products  have  been  found  to  be  highly  satisfactory  and 
are  growing  in  popularity,  and  the  future  for  this  industry  appears  to 
be  bright.  A  vast  supply  is  already  known  to  exist  in  California  and 
only  a  sufficient  demand  is  lacking  to  make  this  an  item  of  conse- 
quence in  the  mineral  total  of  the  State. 

Actual  production  for  1913,  by  county,  is  given  in  the  following 
table,  with  total  crude  value,  figured  according  to  the  foregoing 
assumption : 


County 

Amount 

Value 

Fresno      .--_._-_ 

1,135  tons 

569  tons 

70  tons 

7,858  tons 

$9,080  00 

Riverside        _                      -                - 

4,552  00 

Santa  Clara     _    ._ -         -  _ 

560  00 

Tulare   -.  --    -- 

62,864  00 

Totals    

9,632  tons  at  $8 

$77,056  00 

STATISTICS    OF   ANNUAL   PEODUCTION. 


37 


Annual  production  for  California,  amount  and  value,  since  1887,  is 
shoAvn  in  the  following:  tabulation : 


Tear 

Amount 

Value 

1887 

600  tons 

600  tons 

600  tons 

600  tons 

1,500  tons 

1,500  tons 

1,093  tons 

1,440  tons 

2,200  tons 

1,500  tons 

1,143  tons 

1.263  tons 

1,280  tons 

2,252  tons 

4,726  tons 

2,830  tons 

1,361  tons 

2,850  tons 

3,933  tons 

4,032  tons 

6,405  tons 

10,582  tons 

7,942  tons 

16,570  tons 

8,858  tons 

10,512  tons 

9,632  tons 

$9,000  00 

1888     -     -         .         .                     -.    — 

9,000  00 

1889     -      -      .    -           -  -         -              

9,000  00 

1890  

9,000  00 

J891   

15,000  00 

1892   

15,000  00 

1893     --               

10,930  00 

1894   

10,240  00 

1895   —          ...              —      

17,000  00 

1896                    —                .                                        .      - 

11,000  00 

1897   

13,671  OO 

1898 -     -    

19,075  00 

1899 

18,480  00 

1900             --          -      -                       -  -      .      

19,333  00 

1901   

43,057  00 

1902   

20,655  00 

1903   

20,515  00 

1904   --             -      .-.-—.      — . 

9,298  00 

1905                   -      -                -      .                    -        

16,221  00 

1906   -    -  -      

40,320  00 

1907        .                     -    — 

57,720  00 

1908   

80,822  00 

1909 -    - 

62,588  OO 

1910 

113,887  00 

1911     - 

67,430  00 

1912   -    - 

105,120  00 

1913     -    --      -     --    

77,056  00 

Totals 

107,804  tons 

$900,418  00 

T 

I 


Marble. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Report  XII.     Bulletin  38. 

Production  of  marble  is  steadily  on  the  increase  in  California. 
During  1913,  41,654  cubic  feet  were  sold  having  a  spot  value  of 
$113,282,  as  compared  with  the  1912  production  of  27,820  cubic  feet, 
worth  $74,120,  an  increase  of  13,834  cubic  feet,  in  amount,  and  $39,162 
in  value.  Thirty  operators  filed  reports  with  this  Bureau,  owning 
marble  deposits  distributed  among  the  following  counties : 

Amador,  Calaveras,  Imperial,  Inyo,  Los  Angeles,  Mariposa,  Mono, 
Riverside,  San  Bernardino,  San  Luis  Obispo,  Shasta,  Siskiyou,  Sonoma, 
Tuolumne,  and  Tulare. 


38 


MINERAL   INDUSTRY    OP    CALIFORNIA. 


The  actual  output  for  the  year  was  from   four  counties,   as  here 
indicated : 


County 

Amount 

Value 

Imperial     -  .  .    . 

750  CU.  ft. 

3,200  cu.  ft. 

392  cu.  ft. 

87,ai2  cu.  ft. 

$7,260  00 

11,500  00 

796  GO 

Inyo    .               .          _ 

Tulare -    - 

Tuolumne  

93.726  00 

Totals 

41,654  cu.  ft. 

$113,282  00 

Data  on  annual  production  since  1887,  as  compiled  by  the  State 
Mining  Bureau,  follows.  Previous  to  1894  no  records  of  amount  were 
preserved : 


Year 


Amount 


Value 


1887 
1888 
1889 
1890 
1891 
1892 
1893 
1894 
1895 
1896 
1897 
1898 
1899 
1900 
1901 
1902 
1903 
1904 
1905 
1906 
1907 
1908 
1900 
1910 
1911 
1912 
1913 


Totals 


38,441 

14,864 

7,889 

4,102 

8,050 

9,682 

4,103 

2,945 

19,305 

84,624 

55,401 

73,308 

31,400 

37,512 

18,653 

79,600 

18,960 

20,201 

27,820 

41,654 


.$5,000 

5,000 

87,030 

80,000 

100,000 

115,000 

40,000 

98,326 

56,566 

32,415 

7,280 

23,594 

10,550 

5,891 

4,630 

37,616 

97,354 

94,208 

129,450 
75,800 

118,066 
47,665 

238,400 
50200 
54,103 
74,120 

113,282 


00 
OO 
00 
OO 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
OO 
00 
00 
OO 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
OO 
00 
00 
00 
00 


598,509 


$1,801,546  OO 


Onyx  and  Travertine. 

Beference:  State  Mineralogist  Report  XII.     Bulletin  38. 
Onyx  and  travertine  marble  were  produced  in  California  to  the  total 
value  of  $91,400  between  the  years  of  1887  and  1896,  as  shown  below. 


STATISTICS    OF   ANNUAL   PRODUCTION, 


39 


Since  the  latter  date  there  has  been  no  commercial  production  of  this 
class  of  building  stone  in  the  State,  although  man.y  counties  contain 
deposits  which  have  not  been  exhausted  by  any  means. 


Tear 

Value 

1887 __-      _^               ^      ^ 

$900  00 

1888 

900  00 

1889 

900  00 

1890 

1,500  OO 

1891 

2,400  00 

1892    

1,800  00 

1893      

27,000  00 

1894  

20,000  00 

1895  --    

12,000  00 

1896 -      -  -    - 

24,000  00 

Total — 

$91,400  OO 

Sandstone. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Report  XII.     Bulletin  38. 

A  decrease  in  amount  and  a  small  increase  in  value  is  shown  in  the 
sandstone  production  in  California  for  1913  as  compared  with  1912. 
During  1913,  62,227  cubic  feet  were  sold  having  a  total  spot  value  of 
$27,870,  while  the  previous  year  showed  an  output  of  66,487  cubic  feet, 
worth  $22,574. 

The  1913  production  came  from  six  quarries  located  in  five  counties. 
Reports  were  received  from  nineteen  additional  quarries  scattered 
through  eight  counties  besides  those  shown  below,  all  of  whicli  were 
idle  during  the  year. 

An  unlimited  amount  of  high  grade  sandsone  is  available  in  Cali- 
fornia, but  the  wide  use  of  concrete  in  buildings  of  every  character, 
as  well  as  the  popularity  of  a  lighter  colored  building  stone,  has 
retarded  this  branch  of  the  mineral  industry  very  seriously  during 
recent  years. 

Distribution  of  1913  output,  by  counties,  follows: 


County 


Amount 


Amador   2,500  cu.  ft. 

Colusa    34,927  cu.  ft. 

Napa    20.000  cu.  ft. 

Santa    Barbara   4,500  cu.  ft. 

Ventura  300  cu.  ft. 

Totals    62,227  cu.  ft. 


Value 


$2,500  00 

15,550  00 

8,000  00 

1,670  00 

150  00 


$27,870  00 


V 


40 


MINERAL   INDUSTRY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 


Amount  and  value,  as  far  as  contained  in  the  records  of  this  Bureau, 
are  presented  herewith,  with  total  value  from  1887  to  date : 


Year 

Amount 

Value 

1887  .... 

$175,000  00 

1888  

150,000  00 

1889  

175,598  00 

1890  .  .     ... 

100,000  00 

1891  

100,000  00 

1892  

50,000  00 

1893  

26,314  00 

1894  

113,592  00 

1895  _     

35,373  00 

1896  

28,379  00 

1897  

24,086  00 

1898  

46,384  00 

1899  ...  ..  . 

56,264  cu.  ft. 
378,468  cu.  ft. 
266,741  cu.  ft. 
212,123  cu.  ft. 
353,002  cu.  ft. 
363,487  cu.  ft. 
302,813  cu.  ft. 
182.076  cu.  ft. 
159,573  cu.  ft. 

93,301  cu.  ft. 

79,240  cu.  ft. 
165,971  cu.  ft. 
255,313  cu.  ft. 

66,487  cu.  ft. 

62,227  cu.  ft. 

103,384  OO 

1900  

254,140  00 

1901  

192,132  00 

1902  

142,506  OO 

1903  

585,309  00 

1904  

567,181  00 

1905  

483,268  00 

1906  

164,068  OO 

1907  

148,148  00 

1908  

55,151  00 

1909    .      ..     

37,032  00 

1910  

80,443  00 

1911  

127,314  00 

1912  

22,574  00 

1913  

27,870  OO 

Total  value  .    .  .  .-   ....  

$4,015,246  00 

Serpentine. 

Reference:  Bulletin  38. 
Total  amount  and  value  of  the  serpentine  production  in  California 
is  given  in  the  tabulation  below.  No  production  has  been  reported 
since  1907.  This  class  of  building  stone  exists  in  various  sections  of 
the  State,  but  a  really  high  grade  material  was  never  obtained.  Both 
in  attractive  appearance  and  in  actual  quality  it  has  been  found  lacking 
to  date. 


STATISTICS   OF   ANNUAL   PRODUCTION. 


41 


The  following  table  shows  the  amount  and  value  of  serpentine  since 
1S95  as  recorded  by  this  Bureau : 


Year                                                          i 

Amount 

Value 

1895 

4,000  CU.  ft. 

1,500  cu.  ft. 
2,500  cu.  ft. 

750  cu.  ft. 

500  cu.  ft. 

350  cu.  ft. 
89  cu.  ft. 

512  cu.  ft. 
99  cu.  ft. 

200  cu.  ft. 

847  cu.  ft. 
1,000  cu.  ft. 

$4,000  00 
6,000  00 
2.500  00 
3,000  00 
2,000  OO 
2,000  00 
890  00 

1896    

1897    

1898    

1899    

1900    . 

1901    

1902    

5,065  00 
800  00 

1903    

1904    .     .      .  . 

2,310  00 
1.694  00 

1906    

1907    

3,000  00 

12,347  cu.  ft. 

$33,259  00 

Slate. 

Reference:  Bulletin  38. 

Slate  was  first  produced  in  California  in  1889.  Up  to  and  including 
1910  such  production  was  continuous.  Many  large  deposits  are  known 
in  the  State,  especially  in  El  Dorado  and  Mariposa  counties,  but  the 
demand  is  not  what  it  was  a  few  years  past. 

A  complete  record  of  amount  and  value  of  slate  produced  in  Cali- 
fornia follows: 


Tear 

Amount 

Value 

1889 : 

4,500  squares 

4,000  squares 

4,000  squares 

3,500  squares 

3,000  squares 

1,800  squares 

1,350  squares 

500  squares 

400  squares 

400  squares 

810  squares 

3.500  squares 

5,100  squares 

4.000  squares 

10,000  squares 

6,000  squares 

4,000  squares 

10,000  squares 

7,000  squares 

6,000  squares 

6,961  squares 

1,000  squares 

$18,089  00 

1890 

24,000  00 

1891                                                                              .    „ 

24,000  00 

1892  

21,000  00 

1893  -. 

21,000  00 

1894                                                         

11,700  00 

1895                                                              

9,450  00 

1896                                                 ...    - 

2,500  00 

1897                                                       -           

2,800  00 

1898                                                                               

2,800  00 

1899 

5,900  00 

1900  

26,250  00 

1901   

38,250  00 

1902  .      ...     

30,000  00 

1903 -  .        -- 

70,000  00 

1904  . 

50,000  00 

1905  

40,000  00 

1906  

100,000  00 

1907  

60,000  00 

1908  

60,000  00 

1909                                                      

45,660  00 

1910  

8,000  00 

Totals                        -  -        

87,821  squares  :          $671,399  00 

1 

42 


MINERAL   INDUSTRY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 


Stone  Industry. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Report  XII.     Bulletin  38. 

The  classification  "Stone  Industry"  is  an  arbitrary  one  and  at  first 
glance  is  a  misnomer,  because  of  the  fact  that  it  does  not  include  all 
the  ''stone"  produced  in  the  State.  For  want  of  a  better  name,  how- 
ever, it  will  be  used  throughout  this  report  as  the  title  for  that  branch 
of  the  mineral  industry  covering  crushed  rock  of  all  kinds,  granite, 
paving  blocks  and  sand  and  gravel.  The  foregoing  are  very  closely 
related  from  the  standpoint  of  the  producer.  The  quarry  which 
produces  granite  blocks  this  year  may  have  a  commercial  output  of 
crushed  rock  next,  or  its  product  may  regularly  consist  of  both  classes 
of  material.  Thus  it  has  been  found  to  be  most  satisfactory  to  group 
these  items  as  has  been  done  in  recent  reports  of  this  Bureau.  In  so 
far  as  it  has  been  possible  to  do  so,  granite  and  crushed  rock  production 
has  been  subdivided  into  the  various  uses  to  which  the  product  was  put. 
It  will  be  noted,  however,  that  in  both  instances  a  very  large  percentage 
of  the  output  has  been  tabulated  under  the  heading  "Unclassified." 
This  is  necessary  because  of  the  fact  that  many  of  the  producers  have 
no  way  of  telling  to  what  specific  use  their  rock  wa.s  put  after  they 
have  quarried  and  sold  the  same. 

One  hundred  and  eighty-two  quarries  in  forty-two  counties  reported 
a  production  of  this  class  of  material  during  1913.  Fully  as  many 
more  quarries  were  idle  for  one  cause  or  another.  The  1913  output 
shows  a  total  value  of  $6,168,020,  as  compared  with  $5,474,928  in  1912, 
an  increase  of  $694,092  or  about  13  per  cent. 

As  has  been  the  case  for  several  years  past,  Los  Angeles  County 
led  all  others  by  a  wide  margin,  with  an  output  valued  at  $1,008,810 ; 
Contra  Costa  second  with  $660,405;  Riverside  third,  and  Alameda 
fourth,  both  close  to  the  half  million  mark.  The  total  is  made  up  of 
the  following  subdivisions — all  values  being  for  crude  material  at  the 
property.     The  1912  figures  are  given  in  each  case  for  comparison: 


1913 

1912 

Increase 

Decrease 

Granite 

$981,277  00 

363,505  00 

4,823,238  00 

$362,975  00 

578,355  00 

4,532,598  00 

$618,302  00 

Paving  block 

$214,850  00 

Crushed  rock* 

290,640  00 

Totals   ..    _      

$6,168,020  00 

$5,473,928  00 

$908,942  00 
$694,092  00 

$214,850  00 

Increase  __    _    .    _            

♦Including  sand  and  gravel. 


STATISTICS    OF   ANNUAL   PEODUCTION. 


43 


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44 


MINERAL   INDUSTRY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 
Paving  Block  Production,  by  counties,  for  1913. 


County 

Amount 

Value 

Contra  Costa _    -    - 

124  M 

395  M 

421  M 

16  M 

1.903  M 

20  M 

250  M 

474  M 

2,761  M 

$49,458  00 
25,214  00 

Los  Angeles  ._    _    .  _         . .    __      .  _      . . 

Placer ._    .    _  . .  .  _      _.        

13,443  00 

1,000  00 

103,088  00 

450  00 

Plumas    .  -                -    

Riverside      .      - - _    

Sacramento       _-  _      ______                .  _. _      

San  Bernardino _- _- 

16  250  00 

San  Diego  .  _       .      

27,855  00 

Sonoma _- 

126,747  00 

Totals    

6,364  M 

$363,505  00 

Sand  and  Gravel  Production,  by  counties,  for  1913. 


County 

Moulding  sand, 
flie  sand,  etc. 

Amount 

Value 

Alameda  

Amador    .         _ 

^500  tons 
^877  tons 

$1,125  00 
670  00 

651,253  tons 

$295,132  00 

Butte   

344,983  tons 

200,261  tons 

300  tons 

141,994  tons 

416,640  tons 

35,575  tons 

200  tons 

598,759  tons 

100  tons 

15,750  tons 

11,078  tons 

206,264  tons 

72,707  tons 

16,250  tons 

250,164  tons 

15,000  tons 

34,217  tons 

35,600  tons 

1,800  tons 

5,000  tons 

12,000  tons 

7,008  tons 

48,830  tons 

152,412  tons 

62,275  tons 

10,000  tons 

1,000  tons 

45,848  tons 

31.379  00 

Contra  Costa  

EI  Dorado 

55,887  00 
75  00 

Fresno _. 

45,537  00 

Glenn   _. 

27.776  00 

Humboldt  ._ 

25,075  00 

Lassen ..  _      __    

350  00 

Los  Angeles 

Marin  ...       _    ._ 

160,966  00 
100  00 

Mendocino    ._      _  .. i 

9,450  00 

Monterey  -  .         .  _       __ 

11,876  00 

Napa  

123,759  00 

Orange __    

15,815  00 

Riverside  ._.        _           

4,100  00 

Sacramento   

San  Bernardino     . 

48,551  00 
2,750  00 

San  Diego  

San  Francisco     _  . 

^3,149  tons 

4,149  00 

13,537  00 
9.000  00 

San  Joaquin  _      _._  .  . 

900  00 

San  Mateo     .. 

2.000  00 

Santa  Barbara     .    _ 

7,000  00 

Santa  Clara  __.  .    -..  __. 

4.256  00 

Siskiyou 

4,883  00 

Sonoma       .       .      _    _. 

^271  tons  1          1,813  00 

48,495  00 

Stanislaus   ._ 

14.482  00 

Tehama       -_    .    ..    

500  00 

Trinity   

1.000  00 

Yuba 

8,063  00 

Totals   

4,797  tons 

$7,757  00 

3,393,268  tons 

$972,691  00 

'Moulding-  sand. 
=Fire  sand. 
^Chicken  grit. 


STATISTICS   OF   ANNUAL    PRODUCTION, 


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MINERAL   IXDUSTEY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 


Total  value  of  production  of  "Stone  Industry,"  by  counties,  for  1913 
and  1912  with  increase  or  decrease  in  each  instance. 


County 


1913 


1912 


Decrease 


Increase 


Alameda    

Amador  

Butte    

Colusa    

Contra   Costa    _.. 

El  Dorado  

Fresno  

Glenn    

Humboldt   

Imperial  

Inyo  

Lassen  

Los   Angeles   

Madera    

Marin    

Mendocino  

Merced  

Monterey   

Napa  

Nevada    

Orange  

Placer  

Plumas    

Riverside   _ 

Sacramento    

San  Benito  

Bernardino   . 

Diego  

Francisco  .-. 

Joaquin  

Luis  Obispo. 

Mateo   

Santa  Barbara  ... 

Santa  Clara  

Santa  Cruz  

Siskiyou   

Solano  

Sonoma  

Stanislaus    

Tehama  

Trinity    j 

Tulare    

Yuba  


San 
San 
San 
San 
San 
San 


Totals  

Total  increase 


$456,064  00' 

670  00 

258,503  00 


660',405  00 

4,678  OO 

416.437  00 

27,776  00 

439,808  00 

12,000  00 

835  00 

2,030  00 

1,008,810  00 

271,589  00 

198,953  00 

9,450  00 

30,000  00 

12,556  00 

243,759  00 

5,000  00 

36,815  00 

205,749  00 

1,700  00 

536,844  OO 

238,476  00 

119,500  00 

364,312  00 

170,014  00 

110,551  00 

900  00 

134  00 

18,635  00 

11,450  00 

29,377  00 

10,511  00 

4,883  00 

28,915  00 

191,436  00 

14,482  00 

600  OO 

1,000  00 

4,350  00 

8,063  00 


$420,283  00 


51.879  00 

15,300  00 

478,162  00 

4,375  OO 

307,158  OO 

32,950  00 

229,730  00 

10,000  00 

648  00 


$15,300  00 


5.174  00 


955,668  00 

59,271  00 

3.000  00 

300  00 

45,000  00 

60,119  00 

172,646  00 

3,675  00 

21,284  00 

231.415  00 

1,350  00 

567,309  00 

197,733  00 

83,232  00 

580.824  OO 

164,115  00 

151,147  00 


29,587  00 

17.480  00 

48.228  00 

22,710  00 

609  OO 

130,445  00 

295,198  00 

63,572  00 


2.000  00 
15.52600 


15,000  00 
47.563  00 


25.666  00 

30'465  Oo' 

'2r6'512'oo' 
40,596  oo' 


10.952  00 

6,030  00 

18,851  OO 

12,199  00 


101,530  00 

103.762  00 

49,090  00 


1.000  00 
7.463  00 


$6,168,020  00   $5,473,928  00 


$35,781  00 

670  00 

206,624  00 

182,243  00 

303  00 

109.279  00 

210,078  00 

2.000  00 

187  00 

2,030  00 

53,142  00 

212,318  00 

195.953  00 

9.150  00 


71,113  00 

1,325  00 

15.531  00 


350  00 


40.743  00 
36.268  00 


5,899  00 


900  00 
134  00 


4,274  00 


600  00 
4,350  00 


$694,092  00 


STATISTICS    OF   ANNUAL   PRODUCTION. 


47 


CHAPTER  FIVE. 

INDUSTRIAL  MATERIALS. 

The  following  mineral  substances  have  been  arbitrarily  arranged 
under  the  general  heading  of  "Industrial  Materials,"  as  distinguished 
from  those  which  have  a  clearly  defined  classification,  such  as  Metals, 
Salines,  Structural  Materials,  etc. 

These  materials,  the  majority  of  which  are  mineral  earths,  are  pro- 
duced on  a  comparatively  small  scale  at  the  present  time.  Almost 
without  exception  the  possibilities  of  development  along  these  lines 
are  practically  unlimited  and  with  increasing  transportation,  and  other 
facilities,  together  with  a  steadily  growing  demand,  the  future  for  this 
branch  of  the  mineral  industry  in  California  is  indeed  bright. 

To  date,  production  has  been  in  the  majority  of  instances  dependent 
upon  more  or  less  of  a  strictly  local  market,  and  the  following  data  will 
show  the  results  of  such  a  condition,  not  onlj''  in  the  widely  varying 
amounts  of  a  certain  material  produced  from  year  to  year,  but  in  widely 
varying  prices  of  the  same  material,  often,  in  different  sections  of  the 
State.  Furthermore,  the  quality  of  this  general  class  of  material  will 
be  found  to  fluctuate,  even  in  the  same  deposit,  especially  as  regards 
price.  Reports  were  received  by  the  State  Mining  Bureau  from  290 
properties  which  were  active  in  1913,  either  in  producing,  or  in  mak- 
ing preparations  to  produce  one  or  more  of  the  following  industrial 
materials.  These  properties  are  located  in  thirty-nine  different  counties 
of  the  State,  from  Siskiyou  in  the  north,  to  San  Diego  in  the  south. 

The  following  summary  shows  the  value  of  the  industrial  materials 
produced  in  California  during  the  years  1912-13  with  increase  or  de- 
crease in  each  instance : 


Substance 


1913 


1912 


Increase 


Decrease 


Asbestos  

Barytes  

Clay 

Feldspar    

Fuller's  earth  --_ 

Gems  

Graphite 

Gypsum  

Infusorial  earth 

Limestone  

Manganese    

Mineral  paint  _.. 
Mineral  water  .. 

Pumice 

Pyrites    

Quartz  rock 

Sand,  glass 

Soapstone  


$1,175  00 

3,680  00 

261,273  00 

7,850  00 

3,700  OO 

13,740  00 

25  00 

135,050  00 

35,968  00 

274,455  00 


1,780  OO 
599,748  00 

4,500  00 
218,537  OO 

7,756  OO 
14,143  00 

6,150  00 


$2,700  00 

2,812  00 

215,683  00 

6,180  OO 

6,500  00 

23.050  OO 

117,388  00 

17,074  OO 

570,248  00 

40O  00 

1,800  00 

529,384  OO 

2,500  00 

203,470  00 

"iim  o6' 

7,350  OO 


$868  00 

45,590  00 

1,670  00 


25  00 
17,662  00 
18.894  00 


70,364  00 
2,000  00 

15,067  00 
7,756  00 


$1,525  00 


2,800  00 
9,310  00 


*295,793  00 

400  00 

20  00 


1,261  00 
1,200  00 


Totals   $1,589,530  00      $1,721,943  00 


*The  apparently  large  decrease  as  regards  limestone  is  due  to  the  fact  that  a  more 
thorough  analysis  of  the  uses  to  which  the  product  was  put  has  been  made  in  this 
4—12524 


48  MINERAL   IXDUSTRY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 

report  than  has  been  attempted  in  former  years.  An  enormous  quantity  of  limestoiT 
is  annually  consumed  in  the  manufacture  of  cement ;  as  the  value  of  the  cement  pro- 
duction of  the  State  is  included  in  the  total  mineral  production  it  Is  obviously  a  dupli- 
cation of  figures  to  also  add  the  value  of  the  limestone  used  in  this  way.  It  is  believed 
that  the  value  of  limestone  given  above  for  1913  has  excluded  all  such  duplication. 
Exclusive  of  this  item  the  above  summary  shows,  instead  of  the  indicated  decrease, 
an  actual  increase  of  $163,380  in  the  value  of  the  above  mineral  substances  for  1913 
over  the  1912  production. 

Asbestos. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Reports  XII,  XIII.     Bulletin  38. 
Eight  owners  of  asbestos  properties  filed  reports  for  1913  in  the  office 
of  the  State  Mining  Bureau,  as  follows : 

Calaveras  County. — One  property;  idle. 

El  Dorado  Countjj. — Two  properties.  Neither  produced,  although  in 
one  case  several  hundred  pounds  of  material  was  stored  on  dump. 

Placer  County.— Two  properties.  Both  companies  did  considerable 
development  work  during  the  year,  but  neither  disposed  of  their  prod- 
uct. 

Shasta  County. — One  property.  Uncovered  a  considerable  deposit  of 
various  varieties  of  asbestos.  Shipped  47  tons  to  experimental  plant  in 
Oakland,  where  the  fiber  was  manufactured  into  different  commercial 
articles.     Average  value  per  ton  at  the  property  $25. 

Sierra  County. — One  property.  Possess  a  good  grade  fiber,  but  lack 
transportation  facilities.     Development  work  only. 

Production,  1913,  47  tons;  value,  $1,175. 

Production,  1912,  90  tons;  value,  $2,700. 

The  real  history  of  the  development  and  use  of  asbestos  dates  back 
only  about  sixty  years.  Since  that  time  the  investigation  as  to  its 
occurrence,  uses,  and  methods  of  treatment  has  been  continuous,  and 
its  application  to  every  day  life  has  grown  with  wonderful  rapidity. 
The  first  mill  built  to  handle  the  crude  ore  and  extract  the  fiber  on  a 
large  scale  by  machinery  was  constructed  in  1888. 

The  first  production  of  asbestos  in  California  was  in  1887  when  30 
tons  were  mined,  having  a  crude  value  of  $60  per  ton,  according  to  the 
State  Mining  Bureau  reports. 

The  bulk  of  the  world's  supply  of  this  mineral  to-day  comes  from 
Canada,  and  Canadian  asbestos,  so  far,  leads  in  quality  as  w^ell  as  in 
quantity. 

The  word  "asbestos"  as  used  here  includes  several  minerals,  from  a 
strict  miiieralogical  standpoint,  which  grade  into  the  well  known  rock, 
serpentine.  The  asbestos  minerals  are  of  a  fibrous  structure,  in  many 
cases  the  fiber  being  so  fine  and  elastic  that  it  can  be  woven  after  the 
manner  of  wool.  Chemically,  asbestos  is  a  silicate  of  calcium,  aluminum 
and  magnesium.  Soapstone,  Avhich  is  an  alteration  product  of  serpen- 
tine, commonl}^  occurs  in  the  vicinity  of  asbestos  deposits. 


STATISTICS   OF   ANNUAL   PRODUCTION.  49 

To  bring  the  highest  market  price  asbestos  must  needs  have  a  com- 
bination of  properties,  i.  e.,  length  and  fineness  of  fiber,  tensile  strength 
and  flexibilit}- — all  combined  with  iufusibility.  Of  these  qualities  the 
most  important  are  toughness  and  iufusibility  and  determination  of  the 
same  can  only  be  made  by  practical  tests  or  in  the  laboratory.  Given 
several  specimens  of  the  same  tensile  strength  and  degree  of  infusibility 
the  one  having  the  longest  fiber  will,  of  course,  be  of  the  greatest  value. 
It  must  be  kept  in  mind,  however,  that  length  of  fiber  alone,  the  char- 
acteristic which  most  naturally  appeals  to  the  eye,  is  not  the  final  test 
in  regard  to  the  commercial  value  of  the  find  and  much  short  fiber 
asbestos,  which  on  first  appearance  is  of  inferior  grade,  is  being  sold, 
and  profitably  handled  at  the  present  time. 

The  largest  Canadian  asbestos  deposits  are  worked  as  open  quarries 
■\^here  the  ore  is  roughly  sorted  before  being  sent  to  the  mill  to  be 
dressed  for  the  market.  This  method  has  been  found  to  be  cheaper  and 
more  satisfactory  in  every  way. 

The  milling  of  asbestos  ore,  while  more  or  less  complicated  in  actual 
practice,  is  easy  to  understand  and  has  one  well  defined  object  in  view. 
That  is  the  complete  eradication  of  all  foreign  rock  ingredients  and  the 
thorough  cleaning  and  separation  of  the  fibers. 

Asbestos,  roughly  speaking,  is  worth  from  $20  to  $200  per  ton.  The 
poorer  grades  which  are  unsuitable  for  weaving,  and  which,  of  course, 
command  the  lower  prices,  are  used  in  the  manufacture  of  steam  pack- 
ing, furnace  linings,  asbestos  brick,  wall  plasters,  paints,  tilings,  asbestos 
board,  insulating  material,  etc.  The  better  grades  are  utilized  in  the 
manufacture  of  tapestries  of  various  kinds,  fireproof  theater  curtains, 
cloth,  rope,  etc. 

A  very  important  development  of  the  asbestos  industry  is  the  rapidly 
increasing  demand  for  the  lower  grade  material,  on  account  of  the 
numerous  diversified  uses  to  which  asbestos  products  are  being  put,  in 
almost  every  branch  of  manufacture.  This  faqt  means  that  many  de- 
posits of  asbestos  will  become  commercially  important  even  though  the 
grade  of  the  material  is  far  from  the  best. 

It  has  been  discovered  only  recently  that  not  only  does  an  asbestos 
wall  plaster  render  the  wall  so  covered  impervious  to  heat,  but  that  in 
rooms  which  have  given  forth  an  undesirable  echo  this  evil  has  been 
absolutely  removed.  Asbestos  pulp  mixed  with  cement  and  magnesite 
iias  been  experimented  with  in  the  East,  and  roofing,  flooring,  and  other 
building  material  of  the  most  satisfactory  sort  has  been  manufactured 
therefrom. 

The  domestic  production  of  asbestos  has  an  approximate  value 
of  $100,000  annually.  The  imports,  largely  from  Canada,  for  1911 
amounted  to  $1,318,539,  according  to  the  annual  report  on  Commerce 


I 


50 


MINERAL    INDUSTRY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 


and  Navigation,  issued  by  the  Department  of  Commerce  and  Labor. 
The  above  value  is  for  crude  material ;  adding  the  imported  manufac- 
tured asbestos  articles  the  figure  amounts  to  $1,703,639. 

With  the  field  for  development  along  these  lines  which  is  open  in 
California,  it  seems  almost  certain  that  some  time  in  the  future  will 
see  this  branch  of  the  mineral  industry  adding  its  share  to  the  total  of 
the  wealth  and  productiveness  of  this  State. 

Total  amount  and  value  of  asbestos  production  in  California  since 
1887  as  given  in  the  records  of  this  Bureau,  are  as  follows: 


Year 


AmouTit 


Value 


1887  30  tons 

1888  30  tons 

1889  30  tons 

1890  71  tons 

1891  1  66  tons 

1892  I  30  tons 

1893  50  tons 

1894  50  tons 

1895  25  tons 

1898  10  tons 

1899  30  tons 

1900  50  tons 

1901  110  tons 

1904  10  tons 

1905  112  tons 

1906  70  tons 

1907  70  tons 

1908  70  tons 

1900  65  tons 

1910  200  tons 

1911  125  tons 

1912  90  tons 

1913  47  tons 

Totals    1,441  tons 


$1,800  00 
1,800  00 
1,800  00 
4,260  00 
3,960  00 
1,830  00 
2,500  00 
2,250  00 
1,000'  00 

200  00 

750  00 
1,250  00 
4,400  00 

162  00 
2,625  00 
3,500  00 
3,500  00 
6,100  00 
6,500  OO 
20,000  00 

500  00 
2,700  00 
],175  00 


$74,562  00 


Barytes. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Report  XII.     Bulletin  38. 

Three  producers  reported  a  total  output  of  crude  barytes  during  1913 
of  1,600  tons  valued  at  $3,680,  as  compared  with  the  1912  production 
of  564  tons  worth  $2,812.  This  indicates  a  spot  value  of  only  $2.30  per 
ton  for  the  1913  product.  As  a  matter  of  fact  barytes  is  ordinarily 
sorted  and  ground  before  being  put  on  the  market,  and  in  this  prepared 
condition  brings  approximately  $10  to  $14  per  ton.  The  principal  use 
of  this  material  is  in  the  paint  industry.  Minor  uses  are  in  tanning 
of  leather,  manufacture  of  paper  and  rope,  and  sugar  refining. 

Known  deposits  of  this  mineral  in  California  are  located  in  Butte, 
Mariposa,  San  Bernardino,  Shasta,  Calaveras,  Inyo,  and  Nevada  coun- 
ties. 


STATISTICS    OF   ANNUAL    PEODUCTION. 


51 


Bauxite. 

Reference:  Bulletin  38. 

No  deposits  of  pure  bauxite  have  been  discovered  in  the  State  although 
from  time  to  time  small  quantities  of  the  impure  material  have  been  the 
foundation  of  extravagant  reports  regarding  such  discoveries.  In  1912 
a  company  was  incorporated  and  work  of  developing  such  a  deposit  was 
outlined,  but  close  investigation  proved  the  futility  of  such  effort. 

According  to  Bulletin  67,  of  this  Bureau,  bauxite  of  uncertain  quality 
has  been  found  at  Smartsville,  Yuba  County. 

Clay. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Reports  I,  IV,  IX,  XII.     Bulletin 
38. 

At  one  time  or  another  in  the  history  of  the  State,  pottery  clay  has 
been  quarried  in  thirty-three  of  its  counties.  In  this  report  "pottery 
clay"  refers  to  all  clays  used  in  the  manufacture  of  red  and  brown 
earthenware,  flower  pots,  tiling  of  all  descriptions,  architectural  terra 
cotta,  sewer  pipe,  etc.,  and  the  figures  for  amount  and  value  are  relative 
to  the  crude  material  at  the  pit,  without  reference  to  whether  the  clay 
was  sold  in  the  crude  form,  or  whether  it  was  immediately  used  in  the 
manufacture  of  any  of  the  above  finished  products  by  the  producer. 

During  1913  twenty-two  producers  in  thirteen  counties  reported  a 
production  of  231,179  tons  of  clay  having  a  spot  value  of  $261,273  for 
the  crude  material,  as  compared  with  the  1912  production  of  199,605 
tons  worth  $215,683,  or  an  increase  of  31,574  tons  in  amount,  and  of 
$45,590  in  value.  Seven  hundred  men,  in  round  numbers,  were  em- 
ployed in  this  industry  during  the  year. 

A  tabulation  of  the  direct  returns  from  the  producers,  by  counties, 
for  the  year  1913  is  shown  herewith : 


County 


Amount 


Value 


Alameda  3,000  tons 

Amador    39,678  tons 

Calaveras    2,000  tons 

Kern    '  208  tons 

Los  Angeles  '  7,425  tons 

Monterey   3,500  tons 

Orange    |  15,500  tons 

Placer    1  63,600  tons 

Riverside   '  88,936  tons 

San  Diego  '- 838  tons 

San  Joaquin   1,494  tons 

San  Mateo    '  2,000  tons 

Ventura    3,000  tons 

Totals    i  231,179  tons 


$2,700  00 
38,653  GO 

4,500  00 
104  OO 
20,135  00 
12,000  00 
20,666  00 
47,200  00 
89,963  00 

2,840  OO 
*18.522  00 

1,000  00 

2,990  00 


$261,273  00 


♦High  grade  fire  clay. 


52 


MINERAL   INDUSTRY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 


Amount  and  value  of  clay  output  in  California  since  1887,  are  given 
in  the  following  table : 


Tear 


Amount 


Value 


1887  75,000  tons 

1888  ■  75,000  tons 

1889  75,000  tons 

1890  100,000^  tons 

1891  100,000  tons 

1892  . -. 100,000  tons 

1893  24,856  tons 

1894  28,475  tons 

1895  37,660  tons 

1896  41,907  tons 

1897  24.592  tons 

1898  28,947  tons 

1899  40,600  tons 

1900  59,636  tons 

1901  55.679  tons 

1902  67,933  tons 

1903  90,972  tons 

1904  84,149  tons 

1905  133,805  tons 

1906  ..  167,267  tons 

1907  160,385  tons 

1908  208,042  tons 

1909  299,424  tons 

1910 249,028  tons 

1911  224,576  tons 

1912  199,605  tons 

1913  231,179  tons 


$37,500  00 
37,500'  00 
37,500  00 
50,000  OO 
50,000  00 
50,000  OO 
67,284  00 
35,073  on 
39,685  00 
62,900  00 
30.290  0,1 
33,747  00 
42,700  00 
60,956  00 
39,144  OO 
74,163  00 
99,907  00 
81,952  00 

130.146  00 
162,283  OO 
254,454  00 

325.147  00 
465,647  fHl 
324,099  00 
252,759  00 
215,683  00 
261,273  00 


Totals    2,983,717  tons  !    $3,321,792  CO 


Feldspar. 

During  the  year  1913  seven  producers,  all  located  in  Monterey  and 
Tulare  counties,  reported  an  output  of  2,129  tons  of  feldspar,  valued 
at  $7,850,  as  compared  with  the  1912  production  of  1,382  tons  worth 
$6,180.     Values  for  the  crude  material  at  the  property. 

Feldspar  production  only  dates  back  to  1910,  in  this  State ;  the  min- 
eral is  a  constituent  of  practically  all  rocks,  but  can  only  be  commer- 
cially produced  from  pegmatites  where  the  crystals  are  large  and  quite 
free  from  impurities.  The  open  cut  method  of  mining  this  material  is 
commonly  used.  During  1913  nineteen  men  were  employed  in  the  quar- 
ries. IManufacturers  of  enamel  wares  and  pottery  buy  most  of  the 
better  grades  of  feldspar  produced.  Small  quantities  are  used  in  the 
manufacture  of  glass  and  scouring  soaps,  and  the  more  impure  mate- 
rial is  utilized  as  "chicken  grit,"  in  making  various  brands  of  roofing, 
and  in  other  ways.  Various  experiments  have  been  made  with  the 
potash  feldspars  in  the  attempt  to  prove  their  value  as  a  fertilizer  Avith 
more  or  less  negative  results. 


STATISTICS   OF   ANNUAL    PRODUCTION. 


53 


Total  amount  and  value  of  feldspar  production  in  California  since 
the  inception  of  the  industry  are  given  in  the  following  table,  by  years : 


Tear 

Amount 

Value 

1910 

760  tons 

740  tons 

1,382  tons 

2,129  tons 

$5,720  GO 
4,560  00 

1911              _     

1912                 .  - 

6,180  GO 

1913                      -  - 

7,850  00 

Totals 

5,011  tons 

$24,310  00 

Fuller's    Earth. 

Reference:  Bulletin  38. 

Fuller's  earth  production  in  California  during  the  year  1913 
amounted  to  460  tons,  valued  at  $3,700,  as  compared  with  876  tons 
worth  $6,500  in  1912.  Three  properties  produced  the  above  amount 
and  four  properties  were  inactive  during  the  year. 

This  material  is  soft  and  friable,  and,  in  general,  resembles  a  clay. 
It  has  no  definite  mineralogical  composition  and  its  commercial  value 
is  determined  by  its  physical  properties,  i.  e.,  texture,  and  filtering  and 
absorbent  properties. 

In  California  Fuller's  earth  is  used  principally  in  clarifying  refined 
mineral  oils,  although  its  first  use  was  in  fulling  wool  as  the  name  indi- 
cates. It  was  first  discovered  in  this  State  in  1899,  and  the  total  amount 
and  value  of  the  production  since  that  time  are  as  follows : 


Tear 


Amount 


Value 


1899 

19C0 
1901 
1902 
1903 
1904 
1905 
1906 
1907 
1908 
19C9 
1910 
1911 
1912 
1913 

Totals 


620  tons 

$12,400  00 

500  tons 

3,750  00 

1,000  tons 

19,500  00 

987  tons 

19,246  OO 

250  tons 

4,750  00 

50O  tons 

9,500  00 

1,344  tons 

38,000  00 

440  tons 

10,500  00 

100  tons 

1,000  00 

50  tons 

1,000  00 

459  tons 

7,385  OO 

aiO  tons 

3,820  00 

466  tons 

5,294  00 

876  tons 

6,500  CO 

460  tons 

3,700  OO 

8,392  tons 

$146,345  00 

Gems. 


Reference:  Bulletins  37,  64,  67.     State  Mineralogist  Report  11. 
California  is   rich   in   her   possession  of  gem  minerals.     San   Diego 
County  leads  all  sections  of  the  State  in  this  regard,  although  this  class 


54 


MINEEAL   INDUSTRY    OF    CALIFOENIA. 


of  material  is  widely  distributed  throughout  the  State.  The  above 
references  give  in  detail  the  kinds  of  gems,  minerals,  and  their  distri- 
bution, therefore  no  attempt  will  be  made  here  to  consider  the  subject 
beyond  the  point  of  actual  production. 

The  following  table  gives  the  value  of  crude  gems  sold  during  1913 
by  county,  Avith  a  note  of  the  principal  variety  in  each  instance : 


County 


Amount 


Butte   

Los  Angeles   

Riverside  _.  -      -  _ 

$175  00 
2,500  OO 
1,000  00 
550  00 
7.465  00 

300  00 

250  00 

1.500  00 

Diamonds. 

Beach  stones  (estimate). 

Tourmaline,  beryl,  etc.  (estimate). 

San  Bernardino  — 
San  Diego    _  _ 

Turquoise  and  matrix. 

Tourmaline,  beryl,  hyacinth,  kunzite,  etc.  (par- 
tial estimate). 
Beach  stones. 
Californite,  rhodonite,  etc. 

San  Mateo  

Siskiyou    -       

Tulare    - 

Satelite,  bloodstone,  etc.  (estimate). 

Total 

$13,740  00 

The  above  is  the  closest  possible  approximation  of  the  value  of  the 
CRUDE  gems  mined  in  California  during  1913.  It  is  particularly  diffi- 
cult to  get  accurate  information  regarding  this  branch  of  the  mineral 
industry — the  supply  of  practically  all  classes  of  gem  stones  exceeds 
the  demand  and  the  amount  produced,  as  well  as  the  price  which  the 
crude  material  brings,  fluctuates  with  the  passing  fancies  of  the  buying 
public,  which  is  made  up  in  this  case  very  largely  of  the  tourist  popu- 
lation. The  year  1910  marked  a  high-Avater  point  of  the  gem  industry 
in  California,  and  one  of  the  causes  of  its  consistent  decline  since  may 
be  attributed  to  the  great  overproduction  of  that  year.  Large  supplies 
of  uncut  stones  mined  during  1910  are  still  on  hand  at  the  shops  of 
various  dealers  throughout  the  State.  Returns  for  1913  were  received 
by  this  Bureau  from  thirty  companies  owning  gem  properties ;  less  than 
half  that  number  actually  produced  during  that  time.  The  above  fig- 
ures are  made  up  from  these  returns  taken  together  with  estimates 
obtained  by  a  representative  of  the  Bureau  from  the  leading  dealers, 
who  handle  a  large  part  of  the  annual  output  before  it  is  placed  on  sale 
in  a  finished  state. 


STATISTICS    OF   ANNUAL    PRODUCTION. 


55 


The  value  of  the  total  gem  production  in  California  annually  since 
the  beginning  of  commercial  production  is  as  follows : 


Year 

Value 

1900  

$20,500  00 

1901  

40,000  00 

1902  

162,100  00 

1S03  

110,500  00 

1904  

136,000  00 

1905  

148,500  00 

1906  ._   

497,090  00 

1907     -   - 

232,642  00 

1908  

208,950  00 

1909  .  -   - 

193,700  00 

1910 -  -    

237,475  00 

1911  

51,824  00 

1912  .  --  

23,050  00 

1913  -      -    -  _ 

13,740  00 

Total  .------- 

$2,076,071  00 

Graphite. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Report  XIII. 

Calaveras  County  produced  2,500  pounds  of  graphite  during  the 
year  1913,  having  a  spot  value  of  $20  per  ton.  The  output  was  used 
in  the  paint  industry  and  is  the  first  commercial  production  of  graphite 
recorded  in  the  State  since  1901-2.  This  mineral  has  been  discovered 
in  various  localities  in  California  but  none  of  the  deposits  have  been 
developed  and  the  fact  that  the  local  supply  is  unreliable,  both  in  quan- 
tity and  quality,  makes  the  large  consumers  look  to  foreign  markets 
almost  entirely. 

The  annual  graphite  production  of  the  United  States  amounts  to 
about  $250,000 ;  the  yearly  imports  have  a  value  of  approximately  two 
million  dollars.  These  facts  show  the  possibilities  which  are  open  to 
this  branch  of  the  mineral  industry  provided,  of  course,  that  investi- 
gation would  show  sufficient  amounts  of  high  grade  material  to  com- 
pete with  the  imported  article,  which  at  the  present  time  comes  largely 
from  Ceylon.  Low  grade  ores  are  concentrated  with  considerable  diffi- 
culty and  the  electric  process  of  manufacturing  artificial  graphite  from 
coal  has  been  perfected  to  such  a  degree  that  only  deposits  of  natural 
graphite  of  a  superior  quality  can  be  exploited  with  any  certainty  of 
success. 

On  account  of  its  infusibility  and  resistance  to  the  action  of  molten 
metals  graphite  is  very  valuable.  It  is  also  largely  used  in  the  manu- 
facture of  electrical  appliances,  of  lead  pencils,  as  a  lubricant  and  in 
many  other  ways.  Amorphous  or  "lump"  graphite,  commonly  carry- 
ing many  impurities,  is  worth  as  low  as  $10  a  ton.  For  some  purposes 
such  as  foundry  facings,  etc.,  the  low  grade  material  is  very  satisfactory. 


56 


MINEKAL   INDUSTHY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 


The  price  increases  with  the  grade  of  the  material  until  the  best  quality 
crystalline  variety,  ranges  as  high  as  $200  per  ton. 

Occurrence  of  graphite  has  been  reported  at  various  times  from 
Calaveras,  Fresno,  Los  Angeles,  Mendocino,  San  Bernardino,  Siskiyou, 
Sonoma,  and  Tuolumne  counties. 

Total  production  in  California  to  date  is  given  herewith. 


Tear 

Amount 

Value 

1901    

128.000  lbs. 

84,000  lbs. 

2,500  lbs. 

$4,480  00 

1902    

1,680  00 

1913    

25  00 

_.  _ 

Totals    

214,500  lbs. 

$6  185  00 

Gypsum. 

Reference :  Bulletins  38,  67. 

According  to  reports  from  individual  operators  there  were  seven  gyp- 
sum properties  actively  worked  during  1913  in  California  and  as  many 
idle  during  that  time.  Deposits  of  this  mineral  are  known  in  thirty 
counties  of  the  State,  and  detailed  information  regarding  same  may  be 
obtained  from  the  above  referencas.  Actual  production  came  from  five 
counties,  as  noted  below,  with  a  total  of  47,100  tons  valued  at  $135,050, 
or  an  average  of  $2.87  spot  value,  per  ton,  as  compared  with  the  1912 
output  of  37,529  tons  worth  $117,388.  This  is  an  increase  of  9,571  tons, 
in  amount,  and  $17,662  in  value. 

Gypsum  is  used  in  the  manufacture  of  wall  plaster  and  plaster  of 
paris,  in  the  paper  and  glass  industries,  and  to  some  extent  as  a  fer- 
tilizer. The  material  as  produced  in  California  carries  more  or  less  im- 
purity and  strictly  speaking  is  termed  gypsite.  It  is  usually  ground 
and  calcined  before  marketing.  Pure  crystalline  gypsum  is  called  selen- 
ite,  and  the  fibrous  variety  is  known  as  satin  spar.  Chemically  the  min- 
eral is  a  hydrous  calcium  sulphate  and  is  commonly  white  to  light  brown 
in  color. 

Detailed  county  production  figures  are  shown  in  the  following  tabu- 
lation : 


County 

Amount 

Value 

Kern     .       _           _    _ 

10,000  tons 

100  tons 

11,000  tons 

1,000  tons 

25,000  tons 

$22,750  00 
300  00 

Kings ___      _         

Monterey 

35,000  00 

3,000  00 

74,000  00 

Riverside    --  — 

San  Bernardino    _ 

Totals    .  _ 

47,100  tons 

$135  050  00 

STATISTICS    OF   ANNUAL   PRODUCTION. 


57 


Total  annual  production  of  gypsum  in  California  since  such  records 
have  been  compiled  by  this  Bureau  is  as  follows: 

Year 


1887 
1888 
1889 
1890 
1891' 
1892 
1893 
1894 
1895 
1896 
1897 
1898 
1899 
1900 
1901 
1902 
1903 
1904 
1905 
1906 
1907 
1908 
1909 
1910 
1911 
1912 
1913 


Totals 


Amount 

Value 

2.700  tons 

$27,000  00 

2,500  tons 

25,000  00 

3,000  tons 

30,000  00 

3,000  tons 

30,000  00 

2,000  tons 

20.000  00 

2,000  tons 

20,000  00 

1,620  tons 

14,280  CO 

2,446  tons 

24,.584  00 

5,158  tons 

51,014  00 

1,310  tons 

12,580  00 

2,200  tons 

19,250  00 

3,100  tons 

23,600  00 

3,663  tons 

14,950  00 

2,522  tons 

10,088  00 

3,875  tons 

38.750  00 

10,200  tons 

53.500  00 

6,914  tons 

46.441  00 

8,350  tons 

56,592  00 

12,850  tons 

54,500  00 

21,000  tons 

69,000  00 

8,900  tons 

57,700  00 

34,600  tons 

155,400  00 

30,700  tons 

138,]  76  00 

45,294  tons 

129,152  00 

31,457  tons 

101,475  00 

37,529  tons 

117,388  00 

47,100  tons 

135,050  00 

335,988  tons 

$1,475,470  00 

Infusorial    Earth. 

Eeference :  State  Mineralogist  Reports  II,  XII,  XIII.     Bulletin  38. 

Infusorial,  or  diatomaceous,  earth — ^sometimes  called  tripolite — is  a 
very  light  and  extremely  porous  chalk-like  material  composed  of  pure 
silica  which  has  been  laid  down  under  water  and  consists  of  the  remains 
of  microscopical  infusoria  called  diatoms.  Its  principal  commercial  use 
is  as  an  absorbent.  It  is  also  a  first-class  non-conductor  of  heat,  is  used 
in  the  manufacture  of  scouring  soap  and  polishing  powders,  and  in 
making  some  classes  of  refractory  brick.  The  most  important  deposits 
in  California  thus  far  known  are  located  in  Los  Angeles,  Monterey, 
Orange,  San  Benito,  San  Bernardino,  San  Luis  Obispo,  Santa  Barbara, 
Shasta,  and  Tehama  counties. 

During  1913  there  were  three  actively  operated  quarries  producing 
this  material  and  four  additional  properties  were  idle. 

Production  during  that  time  amounted  to  8,645  tons  valued  at  $35,968 
as  compared  with  the  1912  output  of  4,129  tons  worth  .$17,074,  or  an 


58 


MINEKAL   INDUSTEY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 


increase  in  amount  of  4,516  tons,  and  in  value  of  $18,894.     The  average 
value  per  ton  during  1913,  as  shown  by  the  above  figures,  was  $4.16. 
This  value  is  for  the  crude  material  at  the  property.     A  total  of  76  men 
were  employed  in  the  operating  of  the  three  active  quarries. 
Distribution  by  county  is  shown  in  the  following  table : 


County 

Amount 

Value 

Monterey  _.  _    .  _  _    .       _.    .. 

1,700  tons 

6,895  tons 

50  tons 

$6,800  00 

Santa  Barbara  .  .    _ 

28  960  00 

Sonoma  __    _ 

208  00 

Totals    

8,645  tons 

$35,968  00 

The  first  recorded  production  of  this  material  in  California  occurred 
in  1889 ;  total  amount  and  value  of  output,  to  date,  are  as  follows : 


Year 


Amount 


Value 


1889  39  tons 

1893  50  tons 

1894  51  tons 

1897  5  tons 

1902  422  tons 

1903  '  2.703  tons 

1904  6,950  tons 

1905  3,000  tons 

1906  2,430  tons 

1907  I  2,531  tons 

1908  2,950  tons 

1909  500  tons 

1910  1,843  tons 

1911  2,194  tons 

1912  4,129  tons 

1913  8,645  tons 

Totals    38,442  tons 


$1,335  00 

2,000  00 

2,040  00 

200  00 

2,532  00 

16,015  00 

112,282  00 

15,000  00 

14,400  00 

28,948  00 

32,012  00 

3,500  00 

17,617  00 

19,670  00 

17,074  00 

35,968  00 


$320,593  00 


It  will  be  noted  that  the  average  price  varies  widely  from  year  to 
year.  This  fact  is  true  in  case  of  many  of  the  industrial  materials. 
The  quality  of  the  product  fluctuates,  as  does  the  demand;  when  both 
are  favorable  the  maximum  price  obtains. 

Limestone. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Reports  IV,  XII.     Bulletin  38. 

Seventeen  quarries,  in  ten  counties  as  shown  below,  produced  301,- 

918  tons  of  limestone  during  1913  having  a  spot  value  of  $274,455. 

This  includes  only  amount  of  limestone  used  as  such — as  a  flux  by 

smelters,  in  sugar  refining,  in  the  manufacture  of  carbonic  acid,  in  the 


I 


STATISTICS    OF   ANNUAL   PRODUCTION. 


59 


manufacture  of  glass,  paper  and  mineral  wool,  as  a  fertilizer  for  * '  sour ' ' 
soils,  and  in  other  ways.  Over  800,000  tons  were  used  in  the  manu- 
facture of  cement.  This  figure  is  not  included  here  because  the  value 
of  the  lime  rock  is  included  in  the  figures  for  cement  production  and  a 
duplication  is  thus  avoided.  A  considerable  amount  of  limestone  is 
annually  utilized  as  macadam — such  amounts  have  been  likewise  ex- 
cluded from  the  above  total. 

As  compared  with  the  1912  figures  showing  a  limestone  output  of 
613,375  tons  worth  $570,248,  the  year  1913  shows  an  alarming  decrease. 
As  a  matter  of  fact  this  discrepancy  is  due  to  the  fact  that  a  more 
thorough  analysis  of  the  uses  to  which  the  product  was  put  has  been 
made  in  the  present  report  than  was  attempted  in  former  years,  and 
it  is  believed  that  the  1913  figures  show  absolutely  no  duplication. 

According  to  the  records  filed  in  the  office  of  the  State  Mining  Bureau 
there  were  idle  quarries  in  Butte,  Fresno,  Orange,  Plumas,  Los  Angeles, 
San  Benito,  San  Luis  Obispo,  Siskiyou,  and  Ventura  counties,  in  ad- 
dition to  the  active  properties  noted  in  the  following  tabiflation.  Two 
hundred  and  thirty-six  men  were  employed  in  the  operation  of  the 
seventeen  active  quarries. 

Distribution  bj^  county  of  the  1913  output  is  as  follows : 


County 

Amount 

Value 

Calaveras    _.    _                _    .  _       _    . 

2,000  tons 
26,259  tons 

6,500  tons 

25,896  tons 

138,544  tons 

5,884  tons 

3,549  tons 
39,494  tons 
41,346  tons 
12,446  tons 

$1,400  00 

Contra  Costa           _                                   -      - 

34,976  00 

Monterey    

San  Bernardino  __  _  _         .      

13,000  00 
35,464  00 

San  Mateo   __         -                      _                 _               __ 

78,506  00 

Santa   Barbara     .                                                     ._  - 

19,623  00 

Santa  Clara    _  _      _                         _                    _      

4,200  00 

Santa  Cruz  

Shasta     - 

30,994  00 
35,616  00 

Tuolumne  

20,676  00 

Totals   _-    - 

301,918  tons 

$274,455  00 

60 


minp:ral  industry  of  califoenia. 


In  the  early  reports  of  this  Bureau  values  for  lime  and  limestone  werr 
not  segregated.  The  following  tabulation  shows  the  total  combined 
value  of  such  material  since  records  for  the  State  were  first  compiled,  in 
1887,  to  date : 


Year 


Value 


1887 
1888 
1889 
1890 
1891 
1892 
1893 
1894 
1895 
1896 
1897 
1898 
1899 
1900 
1901 
1902 
1903 
1904 
1905 
1906 
1907 
1908 
1909 
1910 
1911 
1912 
1913 


$368, 
381, 
416, 
350, 
300, 
300,' 
301, 
337, 
457 
332, 
291, 
278, 
343, 
315, 
434, 
460, 
582, 
658 
878,' 
925, 
,162, 
676, 
997, 
,058,: 
843, 
,034, 
803 


1 


1 


1 


750  00 
750  00 
780  00 
000  00 
000  00 
000  00 
276  00 
975  00 
784  00 
617  00 
465  00 
558  00 
760  00 
231  00 
133  00 
140  00 
268  00 
956  00 
647  00 
887  00 
417  00 
507  00 
745  00 
891  00 
778  00 
688  00 
002  00 


Total 


$15,293,005  00 


Manganese. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Reports  XII,  XIII.  Bulletins  38, 
67. 
Reports  were  returned  to  this  Bureau  by  nine  owners  of  manganese 
properties  located  in  Alameda,  Glenn,  Placer,  Plumas,  San  Benito, 
Sonoma,  and  Stanislaus  counties.  Merely  the  assessment  work  was  done 
in  each  case,  no  commercial  production  having  been  made  during  1913. 
Manganese  is  used  in  the  steel  industiy,  in  the  manufacture  of  paint, 
glass,  pottery,  in  the  chemical  laboratory,  etc.  Local  demand  is  very 
small. 


STATISTICS    OF   AXXUAL    PEODUCTION. 


61 


With  the  exception  of  1913  there  has  been  a  nominal  production  of 
manganese  ore  in  California  annually  since  1887,  as  follows : 


Year 

Amount 

Value 

1887                                                    -      -           — -    -—     — - 

1,000  tons 

1,500  tons 

53  tons 

386  tons 

705  tons 

300  tons 

270  tons 

523  tons 

880  tons 

518  tons 

504  tons 

440  tons 

295  tons 

131  tons 

425  tons 

870  tons 

1  ton 

60  tons 

1  ton 

1  ton 
321  tons 

3  tons 
265  tons 

2  tons 
22  tons 

$9,000  00 

1888                                                              

13,500  00 

1889                                -             —          --- 

901  00 

1890                                              

3,176  00 

1891                                                    .    -          —        

3,830  00 

1892                                                        

3,000  00 

1893                                                              -  ---      --    --  --- 

4,050  00 

1894 - 

5,512  00 

1895                                                 

8,200  00 

1896                                                        -  - 

3,415  00 

1897                                                                  - 

4,080  00 

1898                                          -             

2,102  00 

1899                                                    -           - 

3,165  00 

1900                                                                -           --    -     -— 

1.310  00 

1901                                       -  -         - 

4.405  00 

1902                                              — -         _  -      -        -    

7,140  00 

1903                                                     

25  00 

1904                             -      -           

900  00 

1906                                       — -           -    --           -    - 

30  00 

1907                                                   

25  00 

1908              —      „    _.        -    

5,785  00 

1909                               -  -                  -.      -__           

75  00 

1910                                              _      --.                               

4,235  00 

1911                   

40  00 

1912         -                    -  -         -         

400  00 

1913 

Totals          

9,476  tons 

$88,301  00 

Mica. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Report  II.     Bulletin  38. 
]\Iica  of  commercial  value  has  been  found  to  a  very  limited  extent  in 
California.     The  total  actual  production,  as  shown  by  the  records  of 
the  State  Mining  Bureau,  is  as  follows : 


Ye?.r 


Amount 


Value 


1902             .                                 _        -  -        .      

50  tons 
50  tons 
50  tons 

$2,500  00 

1903                                    -                       

3,800  00 

1904 

3,000  00 

Totals    -       

150  tons 

$9,300  00 

Lithia  mica,  utilized  in  the  manufacture  of  artificial  mineral  water, 
fire-works,  etc.,  was  mined  and  sold  in  San  Diego  County  during  the 
years  1899-1905  inclusive,  but  there  has  been  no  commercial  production 
since  the  latter  date.  Four  properties  reported  a  small  amount  of  de- 
velopment M^ork  during  the  year  1913,  but  nothing  further. 


62  MINERAL   INDUSTRY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 

Lithia  mica  total  production  in  the  State  is  as  follows; 

Tear 


1899  

1900  

1901  

1902  

1903  

1904  

1905  

Totals 


Amount 

Value 

124  tons 

$4,600  00 

440  tons 

11,000  00 

1,100  tons 

27.500  00 

822  tons 

31.880  00 

700  tons 

■      27,300  00 

641  tons 

25.000  00 

25  tons 

276  00 

3,852  tons 

$127,556  00 

Mineral   Paint. 

Beference:  State  Mineralogist  Reports  XII,  XIII.     Bulletin  38. 

Reports  from  four  producers  of  mineral  paint,  out  of  a  total  of  thir- 
teen properties  in  the  State,  show  a  production  of  303  tons  valued  at 
$1,780  for  the  year  1913,  almost  a  duplication  of  the  1912  output  of 
300  tons  worth  $1,800.  Deposits  of  more  or  less  importance  are  located 
in  Calaveras,  Kern,  Los  Angeles,  Kings,  Nevada,  Riverside,  Sonoma, 
and  Stanislaus  counties. 

Distribution  of  production  for  1913  is  as  follows : 


County 

Amount 

Value 

Calaveras           .  -              -                    

28  tons 

20  tons 

255  tons 

$190  00 

Kings 

60  00 

Stanislaus  

1,530  00 

Totals    

303  tons 

$1,780  00 

The  first  recorded  production  of  this  material  in  the  State  was  in 
the  year  1890.  Production,  showing  annual  amount  and  value,  to  date 
since  that  time  is  given  herewith: 


Tear 

1          Amount 

Value 

1890    

40  tons 

$480  00 

1891   

.  .           22  tons 

880  00 

1892  -    -    

25  tons 

750  00 

1893        .  .                  _        

590  tons 

26.795  00 

1894  

610  tons 

14,140  00 

1895 .  - 

_.          750  tons 

8,425  00 

1896  _      -.      --      

395  tons 

5,540  00 

1897                      -           

578  tons 

8,165  00 

1898  

653  tons 

9,698  00 

1899 - 

_.    1.704  tons 

20,294  00 

1900     .                -      _    

529  tons 

3,993  00 

1901   

325  tons 

875  00 

1902   .-           .. 

589  tons 

1,533  00 

1903                 

_  .      2,370  tons 

3,720  00 

1904   

270  tons 

1,985  00 

i 


STATISTICS   OF   ANNUAL    PEODUCTIOX. 


)3 


Tear 


Amount 


Value 


1905  754  tons 

1906  250  tons 

1907  250  tons 

1908  335  tons 

1909  305  tons 

1910  200  tons 

1911   186  tons 

1912  30O  tons 

1913  303  tons 

Totals    12,333  tons 


$4,025  00 
1,720  00 
1,720  00 
2,250  00 
2,325  00 
2,040  00 
1,184  00 
1,800  00 
1,780  00 


$126,117  00 


lineral    Water. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Reports  VI,  XII,  XIII. 

Twenty-one  counties  reported  a  commercial  production  of  mineral 
water  from  forty-seven  springs  during  the  year  1913  to  the  amount  of 
2,350,792  gallons,  valued  at  $599,748,  or  an  average  of  2^  cents  per  gal- 
lon, as  compared  with  the  1912  output  of  2,497,794  gallons,  worth 
$529,384,  or  an  average  of  2.1  cents.  This  is  a  decrease  in  amount  of 
147,002  gallons,  and  an  increase  in  value  of  $70,364. 

These  figures  refer  to  mineral  water  actually  bottled  and  sold.  Water 
from  some  of  the  springs  having  a  decided  medicinal  value  bring  a 
price  many  times  higher  than  the  average  shown  above,  while  in  some 
cases  the  water  is  used  merely  for  drinking  purposes  and  sells  for  a 
nominal  figure. 

Detailed  production  figures  for  1913  are  as  follows: 


County 


Amount 


Value 


Butte 1,000  gals. 

Calaveras    11,500  gals. 

Colusa   132,720  gals. 

Contra  Costa  192,292  gals. 

Lake    209,750  gals. 

Los  Angeles  i  254,095  gals. 

Marin    '  60,000  gals. 

Monterey   20,000  gals. 

Napa   151,520  gals. 

Riverside   200,000  gals. 

San  Benito  7,000  gals. 

San  Bernardino   4,500  gals. 

San    Diego    41,500  gals. 

San   Luis   Obispo 1,500  gals. 

Santa  Barbara  112,500  gals. 

Santa   Clara   101,000  gals. 

Shasta   30,000  gals. 

Siskiyou  700,000  gals. 

Solano   I  ■  23,600  gals. 

Sonoma  j  96,240  gals. 

Tehama i  75  gals. 


$250  00 

5,500  00 

32,931  00 

4,989  OO 

109,938  00 

15,140  00 

9,000  00 

7,000  00 

75,&48  00 

20,000  00 

4,500  00 

3,000  OO 

15,225  00 

600  OO 

108,135  00 

10,750  00 

6.850  OO 

120,000  00 

3,440  00 

46,910  00 

42  00 


5—12524 


64 


MINERAL   INDUSTRY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 


Amount  and  value  of  mineral  water  produced  in  California  since 
1887  are  given  herewith : 


Tear 


Amount 


Value 


1887 
1888 
1889 
1890 
1891 
189*2 
1893 
1894 
1895 
1896 
1897 
]898 
1899 


618,162  gals. 
1.112,202  gals. 

808,625  gals. 

258,722 

334,553 

331,875 

383,179 

402,275 

701,397  gals. 

808,843  gals. 
1,508,192  gals. 
1,429,809  gals. 
1,338,537  gals. 


gals, 
gals, 
gals, 
gals, 
gals. 


]9€0  ,      2,456,115  gals. 


1901 
1902 
1903 
1904 
1905 
1906 
1907 


1,555,328  gals. 
1,701,142  gals. 
2,056,340  gals. 
2,430,320  gals. 
2,194,150  gals. 
1,585,690  gals. 
2,924,269  gals. 


1908  2,789,715  gals. 

1909  2,449,834  gals. 

1910  2,335.259  gals. 

1911  2,637,669  gals. 

1912  -  2,497,794  gals. 

1913  - I  2,350,792  gals. 


Totals 42,000,788  gals 


$144,368 
252,990 
252,241 

89,786 
139,959 
162,019 

90,667 
184,481 
291,500 
337,434 
345,863 
213817 
406,691 
268,607 
559,057 
612,477 
558,201 
496,946 
538,700 
478,186 
544,016 
560,507 
465,488 
522,009 
590,654 
529,3&4 
599,748 


00 

a") 

00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 

oo 

00 
00 
00 
00 
00 

oo 

00 
00 
00 


$10,235,796  OO 


Pumice. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Report  XII   (see  Tufa).     Bulletin 
38. 
Deposits  of  pumice  stone  are  located  in  Inyo,  Napa,  San  Bernardino, 
and  Siskiyou  counties,  which  have  been  developed  to  some  extent. 
The  1913  output  was  as  follows: 


County 

Amount 

Value 

Napa  County  

Siskiyou  County 

70,000  cu.  ft. 

90  tons    1 

1 

$2,500  00 
2,000  00 

Used  as  building  stone. 
Scoria    and    ash— used   for 
abrasive  purposes. 

Total  - 

$4,500  00 

The  1912  production  of  pumice  was  valued  at  $2,500.  There  was, 
therefore,  an  increase  in  value  of  $2,000  for  1913  in  regard  to  this 
class  of  material. 


STATISTICS    OF   ANNUAL   PEODUCTION. 


65 


Pyrite. 

Reference :  Bulletin  38. 
Pyrite  production  in  California  during  1913  amounted  to  79,000  tons, 
the  value  of  the  crude  ore  at  the  property  being  $218,537,  or  at  the 
rate  of  $2.77  per  ton.  This  is  an  increase,  as  shown  by  the  following 
table,  over  the  total  production  and  value  for  the  past  two  years,  but 
is  a  decrease  in  the  value  per  ton,  which  was  $2.91  in  1912,  and  $3.37 
in  1911. 

These  figures  refer  to  pyrite  actually  sold  and  used  in  the  nianufac- 

1  ture  of  sulphuric  acid,  and  take  no  account  of  the  thousands  of  tons  of 

pyritic  ores  which  are  treated  for  other  than  their  sulphur  content. 

The  output  here  referred  to  comes  from  Alameda  and  Shasta  counties, 

I  as  has  been  the  ease  since  the  inception  of  this  branch  of  the  mineral 

I  industry  in  California  in  1898. 

\  The  annual  imports  of  pyrite  far  exceed  the  domestic  production, 
and  the  yearly  output  is  steadily  increasing  thereby  proving  that  a 
strong  demand  for  this  class  of  material  holds. 

California 's  output  by  county  for  the  past  three  years  is  as  follows : 


Year 

County 

Amount 

Value 

1911..          -      -_ 

Alameda      ^      _ 

6,340  tons 
47,885  tons 

$31,352  GO 

1911 

Shasta      -  _              .....       

151,602  00 

1912 ... 

Totals 

Alameda 

Shasta    ...                .       

54,225  tons 

7,267  tons 
62,605  tons 

$182,954  00 
29,068  00 

1912 

1913 

1913 

174,402  OO 

Totals  

Alameda 

Shasta    

Totals  

69,872  tons 

6,029  tons 
72,971  tons 

$203,470  00 

24,128  00 
194  409  00 

79,000  tons 

$218,537  00 

The  total  production  in  California  to  date  is  as  follows : 


Tear 


Amount 


Value 


1898  _ 

6,000  tons 

5,400  tons 

3,642  tons 

4,578  tons 

17,525  tons 

24,311  tons 

15,043  tons 

15,503  tons 

46,689  tons 

82,270  tons 

107,081  tons 

457,867  tons 

42,621  tons 

54,225  tons 

69,872  tons 

79,000  tons 

$30,000  00 

1899  

28  6''0  00 

1900  .      . 

21,133  OO 

1901   

18,429  00 

1902  

60' 306  00 

1903   . 

94,000  00 

1904   . 

62,992  00 

1905  

63,958  00 

1906  .. 

145,895  00 

1907  . 

251,774  00 

1908  _ 

610,335  OO 

1909  ...     . 

1,389,802  00 

1910  

179  862  00 

1911   

182,954  00 

1912  .. 

203,470  00 

1913  

218,537  00 

Totals    ...    

1,031,627  tons        .<R.^.'«i9.nfi7  no 

66 


MINERAL   IKDUSTRY    OF    CALIFOENIA. 


Quartz. 

Quartz  production  in  California  during  the  calendar  year  1913 
amounted  to  4,040  tons  valued  at  $7,756.  Distribution  by  county  is 
shown  below: 


County 

Amount 

Value 

Amador    

1,960  tons 

2,000  tons 

80  tons 

$3,556  OO 

Placer                        -         - 

4,000  OO 

Tulare                                                                         -  — - 

200  00 

Totals 

4,040  tons 

$7,756  00 

Sand,  Glass. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Report  IX    {see  Glass).     Bulletin 
38. 

Practically  all  the  glass  sand  produced  in  California  occurs  as  such 
and  needs  no  grinding.  There  are  various  deposits  of  quartz  which 
could  be  utilized  for  glass  making,  but  to  date  there  is  no  commercial 
production  of  this  class  of  material. 

Glass  sand  has  been  produced  in  the  following  counties  of  the  State: 
Alameda,  El  Dorado,  Los  Angeles,  Monterey,  Orange,  Placer,  River- 
side, San  Joaquin,  and  Tulare.  The  chief  producing  centers  are  Mont- 
erey and  Los  Angeles  counties.  The  industry  is  of  little  importance,  so 
far,  because  of  the  fact  that  the  available  deposits  are  not  of  a  grade 
which  will  produce  first-class  glass.  Many  high  grade  deposits  are 
known,  but  almost  without  exception  transportation  facilities  are  so 
poor  that  the  owners  are  unable  to  compete  with  the  foreign  sand  which 
is  brought  in  as  ballast,  and  sold  at  a  low  price.  There  were  five  pro- 
ducers in  California  in  1913. 

Production  for  1913  was  as  follows : 


County 


Amount 


Value 


Amador 

Los  Angeles 
Monterey  .._ 
San  Joaquin 

Totals    .. 


877  tons 
1,800  tons 
8,901  tons 
3,000  tons 

$670  00 
2,000  00 
7,473  00 
4,000  00 

14,578  tons 

$14,143  OO 

STATISTICS    OF    ANNUAL    PRODUCTION. 


67 


Total  glass  sand  production  in  California  since  the  inception  of  the 
industry  in  1899,  is  shown  below : 


Tear 

Amount 

Value 

1899      

2,000  tons 
2,000  tons 
4,500  tons 
4,500  tons 
7,725  tons 

10,004  tons 
9,257  tons 
9,750  tons 

11,065  tons 
9,256  tons 

12,259  tons 
9,124  tons 
8,620  tons 

13,075  tons 

14,578  tons 

$2,000  00 

1900     _                       

2,000  00 

1901                      .           _    

15,750  OO 

1902                                       -  -      

12,225  00 

1903                         -                  

7,725  00 

1904                                               -        -        

12,276  00 

1905      —      

8,121  00 

1906                         -      -    

13,375  OO 

1907                                          _  _    .    

8,178  OO 

1908        -           

22,045  00 

1909               

25,517  00 

1910                      —    

8,165  00 

1911                             _             .        

8,672  00 

1912 

15,404  00 

1913            —    -               -      _      -    

14,143  00 

IL      Totals                 -               -      

127,712  tons 

$175,596  00 

Soapstone. 

•         Reference :  State  Mineralogist  Report  XII.     Bulletins  38,  67. 
Soapstone — also  called  Talc  or  Steatite — occurs  widely  distributed 
:  throughout   California.     Few   deposits   have  been   proven   of   especial 
'  value  to  date,  although  there  is  an  undoubted  future  for  this  branch 
of  the  mineral  industry  in  the  State.     The  1913  production  came  from 
I  Amador  and  Inyo  counties,  and  amounted  to  1,350  tons,  valued  at 
$6,150,  as  compared  with  the  1912  output  of  1,750  tons  worth  $7,350. 
It  is  used  in  making  paper,  soap,  lubricants,  tiling,  etc.,  and  is  ordinarily 
ground  to  about  200  mesh  before  marketing.     In  this  condition  it  brings 
about  $15  per  ton. 

Production  has  been  intermittent  in  the  State  since  1893,  as  shown 
in  the  following  table: 


Tear 

Amount 

Value 

1893    

400  tons 

25  tons 

10  tons 

14  tons 

219  tons 

228  tons 

300  tons 

3  tons 

33  tons 

740  tons 

1,750  tons 

1,350  tons 

$17,750  00 

1895   ..        

375  00 

1901   .                 .      . 

119  00 

1902   . 

288  00 

1903  

10,124  00 

1904   .      -  _    . 

2,315  00 

1905 _      . 

3,000  00 

1908  

48  00 

1909  

280  00 

1910  

7,260'  00 

1912   .               .    . 

7,350  00 

1913   

6,150  00 

Totals      _-     

5,072  tons 

$55,059  00 

68  MINERAL   IXDUSTRY    OF    CALIFOEXIA. 

Sulphur. 

Reference :  State  Mineralogist  Reports  IV,  XIII.  Bulletins  38,  67. 
There  is  no  commercial  output  of  native  sulphur  in  California 
although  this  mineral  has  been  found  to  some  extent  in  Colusa,  Imperial, 
Inyo,  Kern,  Lake,  Mariposa,  San  Bernardino,  Sonoma,  Tehama,  and 
Ventura  counties.  Above  references  give  detailed  information  as  to 
location,  etc.  Production  of  sulphur  is  very  improbable,  in  the  im- 
mediate future,  although  possibilities  of  such  a  condition  remain  to  be 
proven. 


STATISTICS    OF    AXNL'AL    rRODUCTIO^T. 


69 


CHAPTER  SIX. 

SALINES. 

Reference:  Bulletin  24. 

Borax,  salt,  soda,  nitrates  and  potash  are  included  under  this  head- 
ing. Borax  and  salt  have  been  produced  in  California  since  the  sixties, 
although  no  official  records  of  output  were  kept  by  this  Bureau  previous 
to  1887.  Soda  has  had  a  virtually  continuous  production  since  1894. 
The  nitrates  and  potash  have  never  been  commercially  produced  in  the 
State  although  the  future  possibilitias  along  these  lines  are  indeed  great. 

The  desert  portions  of  California,  located  largely  in  Inyo,  Kern, 
Eiverside.  Imperial,  and  San  Bernardino  counties  are  rich  in  the  posses- 
sion of  salines  of  all  descriptions.  Ancient  lake  beds  of  vast  extent  are 
found  there,  many  of  which  have  never  yet  been  exploited  to  any  extent. 
W  The  following  tabulation  shows  amount  and  value  of  the  saline  min- 
erals produced  in  California  during  the  years  1912  and  1913,  with  in- 
crease or  decrease  in  value  for  1913  as  compared  with  the  previous  year: 


1912 

1913 

Increase  ( 4- ) 

Substance 

Amount            '           Value 

Amount                      Value 

or  decrease  ( — ) 

Borax    

Salt    

Soda    

42,135  tons     $1,122,713  00 

185,721  tons         383,370  00 

7,200  tons           37,094  00 

58,051  tons     $1,491,530  00 

204,407  tons  i       462,681  00 

1,861  tons  :         24,936  00 

+  $368,817  00 
+      79,311  00 
-     12,158  00 

Totals.- 

'  $1,543,177  00 

i 

$1,979,147  00 

+  $435,970  00 

Borax. 

Eeference:  State  Mineralogist  Reports  III,  X,  XII,  XIII. 

Borax  was  first  discovered  in  California  in  the  waters  of  Tuscan 
Springs  in  Tehama  County,  January  8,  1856.  Borax  Lake,  in  Kern 
County,  was  discovered  in  September  of  the  same  year,  by  Dr.  John  A. 
Veateh.  This  deposit  was  worked  in  186^^65-66  and  during  that  time 
produced  1,181.365  pounds  of  borax.  Not  till  1873  were  the  borax 
deposits  of  Inyo  and  San  Bernardino  counties  discovered. 

Aside  from  the  above  mentioned  localities  borax  is  known  in  Lake, 
Los  Angeles,  Imperial,  Solano,  and  Ventura  counties. 

California  is  the  sole  source  of  domestic  borax.  The  1913  production 
amounted  to  58,051  tons  of  crude  ore  containing  borax  to  the  value  of 
$1,491,530,  as  compared  with  the  1912  output  of  42,135  tons  worth 
$1,122,713. 


70 


MIXEEAL   IXDUSTKY    OF    CALIFOENIA. 


Value  of  the  State's  borax  output  since  1887  is  shown  in  the  follow 
ing  table : 


Year 

Value 

Year 

Value 

1887  

$116,689  OO 
196,636  00  ' 
145.473  OO 
480,152  00 
&40,000  00 
838,787  OO 
593,292  00 
807,807  00 
595,900  OO  ' 
675,400  00 
1,080,000  00 
1.153,000  00 
1,139,882  00  i 
1,013,251  00  . 
982,380  00 

1902   

$2,234,994  OO 

1888  

1903              - 

661,400'  00 

1889  

1904  

698,810  OO 

1890  

1905  -  -  -   - 

1,019,158  00 

1891  

1906  

1,182,410  00 

1892  

1907 

1,200,913  00 

1893  

1908  -  -   

1,117,000  00 

1894  

1909 

1,163,960  00 

1895  

1910 

1,177,960  00 

1896  

1911    .      _   -    _  .. 

1,456,672  OO 

1897  --  

1912 

1,122,713  OO 

1898  

1913 

1,491,530  00 

18QQ 

Total   

1900  

$24,986,169  OO 

1901  

Nitrates. 

Nitrates  of  sodiura,  potassium  and  calcium  have  been  found  in  various 
places  in  the  desert  regions  of  the  State  but  no  deposit  of  commercial 
value  has  been  located  as  yet.  Interest  in  this  class  of  mineral  substance 
is  increasing  and  closer  search  may  be  rewarded  by  valuable  discoveries. 

Potash. 

Potash  has  never  been  commercially  produced  in  California  and  only 
during  the  past  few  years  has  this  substance  created  general  interest 
in  the  State.  Considerable  money  has  been  spent  recentl}^  in  prelim- 
inary work  with  a  view  toward  developing  what  are  claimed  to  be  im- 
mense deposits  of  potash  which  lie  in  the  old  lake  beds  of  the  desert  por- 
tions of  California.  The  imports  of  this  material  from  foreign  coun- 
tries have  an  annual  value  of  many  millions  of  dollars,  and  a  domestic 
production  would  be  of  great  value. 

Salt. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Keports  II,  XII,  XIII. 

Most  of  the  salt  produced  in  California  is  obtained  by  evaporating  the 
waters  of  the  Pacific  Ocean,  plants  being  located  on  the  shores  of  San 
Francisco  Bay,  at  Long  Beach,  and  at  San  Diego.  Additional  amounts 
are  derived  from  lakes  and  lake  beds  in  the  desert  regions  of  the  State, 
and  from  deposits  of  rock  salt  which  are  found  extensively  in  San  Ber- 
nardino County. 

During  1913  salt  was  produced  in  the  State  to  the  total  amount  of 
204,407  tons,  valued  at  $462,681,  as  compared  with  the  1912  output  of 
185,721  tons  worth  $383,370,  an  increase  of  18,686  tons  in  amount  and 
of  $79,311  in  value.  The  increase  is  due  almost  entirely  to  the  returns 
from  Inyo  County,  which  produced  for  the  first  time  in  1913,  and  to  an 
increased  production  in  San  Diego  Count}'.     The  output  of  Alameda, 


STATISTICS    OF    ANNUAL    PEODUCTION. 


71 


Los  Angeles,  and  San  Bernardino  was  almost  identical  with  that  of  1912 
and  a  decrease  occurred  in  San  Mateo  County  due  to  floods  resulting 
from  storms  which  took  place  during  the  last  months  of  the  year.  From 
tlie  present  outlook  the  damage  done  as  a  result  of  the  high  water  will 
be  still  more  apparent  in  the  returns  for  1914.  The  salt  production  of 
San  Bernardino  County  is  derived  from  deposits  of  rock  salt  which  are 
worked  by  means  of  quarrying  with  a  steam  shovel.  A  small  amount 
of  valuable  medicinal  salts  was  produced  during  the  year  in  Mono  and 
Tehama  counties,  by  evaporation  from  mineral  springs,  but  as  the  mate- 
rial was  not  sold  during  1913  the  figures  have  not  been  included  in  this 
report. 

Distribution  by  counties  is  given  herewith : 


County 


Amount 

Value 

129,318  tons 

$233,388  00 

13,500  tons 

54,000  OO 

10,000'  tons 

40,000  OO 

40  tons 

720  00 

3,049  tons 

10,573  OO 

20,500  tons 

51,750  OO 

28,000  tons 

72,250  00 

204.407  tons 

$462,681  00 

Alameda   

Inyo 

Los  Angeles  

Modoc    

San  Bernardino 

San  Diego  

San  Mateo   


t 


Totals 


Amount  and  value  of  annual  production  of  salt  in  California  from 
1887  to  date  is  shown  in  the  following  tabulation : 


Year 


Amount 


Value 


1887   

28,000  tons 
30,800  tons 
21,000  tons 
8,729  tons 
20,094  tons  ; 
23,570  tons  | 
50,500  tons 
49,131  tons 
53.031  tons 
64,743  tons  , 
67,851  tons 
93,421  tons  ' 
82,654  tons 
89,338  tons 
126,218  tons 
115,208  tons 
102,895  tons 
95.968  tons  1 
77,118  tons  ' 
101,650  tons 
88,063  tons 
121.764  tons 
155.680  tons 
174,920  tons 
173,332  tons 
185,721  tons 
204,407  tons 

$112,000  00 

1888   

92,400  OO 

1889  

63,000  00 

1890  

57,085  00 

1891   

90,303  00 

1892   

104,788  OO 

1893 .  - .      .  _ 

213,000  OO 

1894 .      _  - 

140.087  00 

1895  

150,576  00 

1896  .. 

153,244  00 

1897  

157,520  OO 

1898  

170.855  00 

1899 

149,588  00 

1900 

204.754  CO 

1901    

366,376  00 

1902   

205,876  OO 

1903   

211.365  OO 

1904   

187,300  00 

1905  

141,925  00 

1906 ... 

213,228  00 

1907   

310,967  00 

1908  

281.469  00 

1909 .                   

414.708  00 

1910 

395,417  00 

1911   

324.255  00 

1912  

383,370  00 

1913 

462,681  OO 

Totals    

2,405.806  tons 

$5,758,137  00 

72 


Soda. 


MINERAL    INDUSTRY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 


Tear 

Amount 

Value 

1894   

1,530  tons 

1,900  tons 

3,000  tons 

5,000  tons 

7,000  tons 

laOOO  tons 

1,000  tons 

8,000  tons 

7,000  tons 

18,000  tons 

12,000  tons 

15,000  tons 

12,000  tons 

9,600  tons 

7,712  tons 

8,125  tons 

9,023  tons 

7,200  tons 

1,861  tons 

$20,000  00 
47,500  00 

1895  

1896 .      . 

6.5  000  00 

1897  .. 

110,000  00 

1898   

154  0(30  00 

1899  

250,000  00 

1900  ... 

50.000  00 

1901   

400  000  00 

1902  ..  _ 

50,000  00 

1903   --          ... 

27  («;0  00 

1904   

18,000  OO 

1905   

22,500  00 

1906  

18,000  00 

1908  ..     .      _ 

14,400  00 

1909 . 

11,593  00 

1910  

11,862  00 

1911   

52,887  00 

1912  

37.094  00 

1913   

24.936  00 

Totals    

144,951  tons 

$1,384,772  OO 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Reports  XII,  XIII.  \ 

Production  of  soda  in  California  during  the  year  1913  amounted  to  I 
1,861  tons,  valued  at  $24,936,  as  compared  with  the  1912  output  of  7,200 
tons  worth  $37,094.     The  total  output,  showing  amount  and  value,  of 
this  product  since  the  inception  of  this  branch  of  the  mineral  industry 
in  California  is  given  in  the  table  which  follows: 


STATISTICS    OF    ANXriAL    PEODUCTIOK. 


73 


CHAPTER  SEVEN. 


MINERAL  PRODUCTION  OF  CALIFORNIA  BY 

COUNTIES. 

Introductory. 

The  State  of  California  includes  an  area  of  155,652  square  miles  and 
is  divided  into  fifty-eight  counties.  Some  mineral  of  commercial  value 
exists  in  ever}^  county,  and  during  1913  active  production  was  re- 
ported to  the  State  Mining  Bureau  from  fifty-six  counties  of  the  fifty- 
eight.  In  the  mountainous  portions  of  the  State  are  found  the  vein 
forming  minerals,  largely.  In  the  vast  desert  regions  of  southeastern 
California  ancient  lake  beds  afford  an  unlimited  supply  of  saline 
deposits.  Underlying  the  interior  valleys  of  the  central  and  southern 
portion  of  the  State  are  the  largest  pools  of  crude  oil  in  the  world. 
Building  stones  and  mineral  earths  of  all  descriptions  are  widely  dis- 
tributed throughout  the  length  and  breadth  of  the  State. 

The  counties,  with  their  mineral  resources,  production  for  1913.  etc., 
will  be  considered  in  detail  in  this  chapter. 

Value   of   California    Mineral    Production,   by   County,  for   1913,   Arranged   in  the  Order 

of  their  Importance. 


1.  Kern   

2.  Fi'esno 

3.  Orange    

4.  Shasta  

5.  Los  Angeles 

6.  Santa  Barbara  __ 

7.  Amador    

8.  Nevada  

9.  Sacramento  

10.  Butte  

11.  Yuba    

12.  San  Bernardino  _ 

13.  Riverside 

14.  Calaveras  

15.  Contra  Costa 

16.  Inyo   

17.  Solano 

18.  Santa  Cruz 

19.  Tuolumne    

20.  Napa 

21.  Sierra 

22.  Ventura   

23.  Alameda 

24.  Placer   

25.  San  Benito 

26.  Humboldt  

27.  Trinity   

28.  Madera   

29.  San  Diego 

30.  Santa  Clara  

31.  Siskiyou 


$28,406,193 

8,438,810 

6,948,495 

6,212,344 

5,833,298 

3,636,288 

3,013,180 

2,950,367 

2,925,706 

2,533,940 

2,507,139 

2,486,100 

2,071,969 

2,042.901 

1,962,640 

1,942,309 

1,839,721 

1,816,805 

1,198,383 

1,186,353 

1,010,976 

924,972 

844,217 

520,808 

514,995 

471,052 

435,142 

371,867 

315,694 

311,383 

309,986 


00 
OO 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
OO 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 
00 


32.  Marin 

33.  Stanislaus    

34.  Mariposa  

35.  Sonoma    

36.  San  Mateo  

37.  Mono    

38.  Monterey 

39.  San  Joaquin 

40.  Plumas  

41.  Lake  

42.  Tulare  

43.  San  Francisco  __- 

44.  Imperial 

45.  El  Dorado 

46.  San  Luis  Obispo. 

47.  Colusa 

48.  Merced 

49.  Glenn  

50.  Mendocino    

51.  Modoc   

52.  Del  Norte 

53.  Tehama    

54.  Lassen 

55.  Kings  

56.  Alpine  

57.  Sutter  

58.  Yolo 

Unapportioned  __ 


$278,453  00 

272,249  00 

246,079  00 

239,a37  00 

215,371  00 

184,428  00 

178,679  OO 

165,157  00 

143,698  00 

125,829  00 

119.760  00 

110,551  00 

95,054  00 

67,723  OO 

63,675  OO 

48,481  00 

35,329  00 

27,776  00 

9,450  00 

6,875  00 

2,514  00 

2,442  00 

2,382  00 

1,335  00 

541  00 


17,738  00 


Total  $98,644,639  00 


74 


MINEEAL   INDUSTRY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 


Alameda. 

Alameda  County,  while  in  no  sense  one  of  the  "mining  counties" 
of  the  State,  comes  twenty-third  on  the  list  Avith  a  value  of  mineral 
products  for  1913  of  $814,217,  a  marked  increase  over  the  1912  total, 
which  was  $794,961.  The  principal  mineral  resources  of  this  county 
consist  in  brick,  chromite,  clay,  coal,  lime,  magnesite,  manganese,  pyrite, 
salt,  soapstone,  and  the  stone  industry. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows: 


Substance 

Amount 

Value 

Brick 

13,977  M 

3,000  tons 

5,000  bbls. 

6,029  tons 

129,318  tons 

$122,937  00 

Clav    

2,700  00 

Lime __    .      _.. _  _ 

5,000  00 

Pyrite    -    _  _ . 

24,128  00 

Salt  -    .         _ 

233,388  00 

Stone  industry*  .-_ 

456,064  00 

Total    

$844,217  00 

*See  page  42. 
Alpine. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Report  XII. 

Alpine  stands  last  on  the  list  of  producing  counties  in  regard  to  the 
value  of  its  mineral  output  for  1913.  which  consisted  of  gold  and  silver 
to  the  value  of  $541. 

This  county  lies  just  south  of  Lake  Tahoe  in  the  high  Sierra  Nevada 
range  of  mountains.  Its  area  is  776  square  miles,  containing  a  popu- 
lation of  but  309  persons.  Transportation  is  by  wagon  or  mule  back, 
and  facilities  in  general  are  lacking  to  promote  development  work  of 
any  kind. 

The  mineral  resources  of  this  section  are  varied  and  the  country  has 
not  yet  been  thoroughly  prospected.  Barium,  copper,  gold,  gypsum, 
lead,  limestone,  pyrite,  rose  quartz,  silver,  tourmaline,  and  zinc  have 
been  found  here  to  some  extent. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows : 


Substance 

Amount 

Value 

Gold  ..                                           .      ---_.--- 

$537  00 

Silver  ._ 

4  00 

Total    

$541  00 

STATISTICS   OF   AXNUAL    PRODUCTION. 


V.) 


Amador. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Report  TI. 
Area:  601  square  miles. 
Population:  9,086  (1910  census). 

The  value  of  Amador  County's  mineral  production  increased  from 
$2,925,202  in  1912  to  $3,013,180  in  1913,  thus  taking  seventh  place  on 
the  list  of  counties  in  the  State,  as  regards  total  value  of  mineral  sub- 
stances marketed. 

Although  having  an  output  consisting  of  twelve  different  minerals, 
the  leading  product,  gold,  makes  up  fully  95  per  cent  of  the  entire  total. 
Amador  is  second  in  the  State  in  gold  production. 

The  mineral  resources  of  this  county  are  in  the  main  as  follows : 
asbestos,  brick,  chromite,  clay,  coal,  copper,  gold,  lime,  quartz  crystals, 
sand-glass,  sandstone,  silver,  soapstone,  and  stone  industry. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows : 


Substance 


Amount 


Value 


Brick '     2,000  M 

Clay    39,678  tons 

Copper  19,023  lbs. 

Gold 

Lime    1,000  bbls. 

Quartz  1,960  tons 

Sand-glass  877  tons 

Sandstone   2,500  cu.ft 

Silver  

Soapstone   350  tons 

Stone  Industry*  ' 

Other  minerals 

Total 


$30,000  00 

38,653  00 

2,949  00 

2,901,898  00 

1,200  00 

3,556  00 

670  00 

2,500  00 

18,097  00 

1,750  00 

670  00 

11,237  00 


$3,013,180  00 


*See  page  42. 

Butte. 

Beference:  State  IMineralogist  Report  VI. 
Area:  1,722  square  miles. 
Population:  27,301   (1910  census). 
Location:  North  central  portion  of  State. 

Butte,  tenth  county  in  California  in  regard  to  the  value  of  its  mineral 
output,  reported  a  commercial  production  of  five  mineral  substances 
having  a  total  value  of  $2,533,940  for  1913,  as  compared  with  $2,403,675 
for  1912.  As  will  be  noted  in  the  following  tabulation,  gold  is  by  far 
the  most  important  item.  Butte  stands  fifth  among  the  gold  producing 
counties  of  the  State.  Among  the  principal  mineral  resources  of  this 
section  are  asbestos,  barytes,  chromite,  gems,  gold,  limestone,  marble, 
mineral  water,  platinum  minerals,  silver,  and  stone  industry. 


76  MINERAL   IXUUSTEY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows : 


Substance 

Amount 

Value 

( 

Gems  .  -      _.  -         _       _    .        .  _-- -        -         - 

$175  00 

Gold    

2,269,849  00 
250  00 

Mineral  water _. 

1.000  e-fils 

Silver  ..       .      _    

5,163  00 

Stone  industry*  .  . 

258,503  00 

Total    

$2,533,940  00 

1 

*See  page  42. 
Calaveras. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Reports  VI,  XII. 
Area:  1,027  square  miles. 
Population:  9,171. 

Location:  East  central  portion  of  State — Mother  Lode  district. 
Calaveras  Covinty  reported  production  of  ten  different  minerals  valued 
at  $2,042,901  during  the  year  1913,  as  compared  with  the  1912  output, 
worth  $2,051,781.  Gold,  copper  and  silver  are  the  chief  mineral  sub- 
stances produced.  In  regard  to  total  value  of  mineral  output  Calaveras 
stands  fourteenth  among  the  counties  of  the  State ;  it  is  seventh  in  gold 
and  second  in  copper  and  third  in  silver. 

The   principal   mineral   resources   developed   and  undeveloped   are: 
Asbestos,   barj-tes,    chromite,   clay,   copper,    gold,    graphite,   limestone, 
magnesite,  marble,  mineral  paint,  mineral  water,  platinum  minerals, 
pyrite,  quartz  crj^stals,  silver,  soapstone,  and  the  stone  industry. 
Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows : 


Substance 

Amount 

Value 

Clav --              

2,000  tons 
5,06.3,187  lbs. 

$4  500  00 

Copper      .._.___        _._      - 

784  794  00 

Gold    

1,175,208  00 

Graphite 

2,500  lbs.. 

7,006  lbs. 

2,000  tons 

28  tons 

11,500  gals. 

25  00 

Lead       .        _      _         .               _-.__.__.. 

308  00 

Limestone  _       _    .         .         .    _ 

1  400  00 

Mineral  paint           _    -        _        _      -     . 

190  00 

Mineral  water      ..  .      ., _        __             _      _ 

5,.500  00 

Silver  .. 

61,076  00 

Other  minerals    .    

9,900  00 

Total    -    

$2,042,901  00 

STATISTICS    OF   ANNUAL   PRODUCTION. 


77 


Colusa. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Eeport  XI. 
Area:  1,140  square  miles. 
Foundation:  7,732  (1910  census). 
Location:  Sacramento  Valley. 
Colusa  County  lies  largely  in  the  basin  of  the  Sacramento  Valley. 
Its  western  border,  however,  rises  into  the  foothills  of  the  Coast  Range 
of  mountains,  and  its  mineral  resources,  to  a  great  extent  undeveloped, 
Include   coal,    chromite,   copper,    gypsum,   manganese,   mineral   water, 
pyrite,  quicksilver,  sandstone,  stone  industry,  sulphur,   and  in  some 
places  traces  of  gold  and  silver. 

The  value  of  the  1913  production  was  .$48,481,  a  considerable  decline 
from  the  1912  figures  of  $70,165. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows: 


Substance 


Amount 


Value 


Mineral  water 
Sandstone  


132,720  gals. 
34,927  cu.ft. 


$32,931  00 
15,550  00 


Total 


$48,481  00 


Contra   Costa. 

Contra  Costa,  like  Alameda  County,  lies  off  the  eastern  shores  of 
San  Francisco  Bay  and  is  not  commonly  considered  among  the  mineral 
producing  counties  of  the  State.  It  stands  fifteenth  on  the  list  in  this 
respect,  however,  with  an  output  valued  at  $1,962,640  for  the  calendar 
year  1913.  Various  structural  materials  make  up  the  chief  items. 
Among  the  others  are  brick,  clay,  coal,  gypsum,  limestone,  manganese, 
mineral  water,  soapstone,  and  stone  industry. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows : 


Substance 


Amount 


Value 


Brick    .    .-_    ...    _..        .  _    . 

30,411  M 
150,.551  bbls. 

26,259  tons 
192,292  gals. 

$212,953  00 

Lime     _ ...      _  .           

127,968  00 

Limestone  .    ..  .     .     ._      _             _      . 

34,976  GO 

Mineral  water ._ _                   .         . 

4,989  00 

Stone  industry* ..    __      ._.._. 

660,405  00 

Other  minerals    ...      .  .      _ ..    .. -. 

921,349  00 

Total    ...      ... 

$1,962,640  00 

*See  page  42. 


78 


MINEEAL   INDUSTRY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 


Del    Norte. 

Area:  1,024  square  miles. 
Population:  2,417   (1910  census). 
Location:  Extreme  northwest  corner  of  State. 
Transportation:  Wagon  and  mule  back. 

Del  Norte  rivals  Alpine  County  in  regard  to  inaccessibility.  Like  the 
latter  countj^  also,  given  transportation  and  kindred  facilities  and  this 
portion  of  the  State  presents  a  wide  field  for  development  along  mining 
lines  especially.  Its  chief  mineral  resources,  largely  untouched,  are 
chromite,  copper,  gems,  gold,  graphite,  iron,  platinum  minerals,  silver 
and  stone  industry. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows: 


Substance 

Value 

Gold                -     -      -- 

$2,498  00 

Silver 

16  00 

Total  

$2,514  00 

El    Dorado. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Reports  VI,  XII. 
Area:  1,753  square  miles. 
Population:  7,492  (1910  census). 

Location:  East  central  portion  of  the  State  northernmost  of  the 
Mother  Lode  counties. 

El  Dorado  County,  which  marks  the  spot  where  gold  was  first  dis- 
covered in  California,  comes  forty-fifth  on  the  list  of  counties  ranked 
according  to  the  value  of  their  total  mineral  production  during  the  year 
1913.  The  principal  mineral  resources  of  this  section,  many  of  them 
undeveloped  are :  Asbestos,  barytes,  chromite,  clay,  copper,  gems,  gold, 
iron,  molybdenum,  limestone,  quartz  crj^stals,  quicksilver,  sand-glass, 
slate,  soapstone,  silver,  and  stone  industry. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows: 


Substance 


Amount 


Value 


Copper 
Gold  — 


Silver  

Stone  industry* 

Total    


693  lbs. 


$107  00 

62,688  00 

250  00 

4,678  00 


$67,723  00 


*See  page  42. 


STATISTICS    OF   ANNUAL    PRODUCTION. 


79 


Fresno. 

Reference:  State  IMineralogist  Report  VI. 
Area:  5,950  square  miles. 
Population:  75,657  (1910  census). 
Location:  South  central  portion  of  State. 

Fresno  County,  second  in  importance  as  a  mineral  producer  among 
the  counties  of  California,  reported  an  output  for  1913  of  eight  mineral 
substances  with  a  total  value  of  $8,438,810,  a  slight  decrease  from  the 
1912  production,  which  was  worth  $8,897,685.  The  great  bujk  of  the 
above  value  is  derived  from  the  petroleum  production  of  the  Coalinga 
field. 

The  mineral  resources  of  this  county  are  many  and,  aside  from  crude 
oil,  are  far  from  being  fully  developed;  they  include  asbestos,  barytes, 
brick,  chromite,  copper,  gems,  gold,  graphite,  gypsum,  iron,  magnesite, 
natural  gas,  petroleum,  quicksilver,  silver,  and  stone  industry. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows  : 


Substance 


Amount 


Value 


Brick 

Gold  

Magnesite    .. 
Natural  gas 
Petroleum  _. 
Quicksilver  . 
Silver  


5,500  M 


Stone  industry* 
Total    


1,135  tons 
236,100  M 
18,956,965  bbls. 
375  flasks 


$44,000  00 

2,846  00 

9,080  00 

23,610  00 

7,927,736  00 

15,086  00 

15  00 

416.437  00 


$8,438,810  00 


*See  page  42. 

Glenn. 

Glenn  County  owes  its  position  among  the  mineral  producing  counties 

of  the  State  to  the  presence  of  large  deposits  of  sand  and  gravel  which 

are  annually  Avorkecl,  the  product  being  used  for  railroad  ballast,  etc. 
I  In  the  foothills  in  the  western  portion  of  the  count}'  traces  of  chromite, 

copper,  manganese,  sandstone,  and  soapstone  have  been  found. 
ft  Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows: 


Substance 

Value 

Stone   industry*   . 

$27,776  00 

Total  

$27,776  00 

*See  page  42. 


6—12524 


80 


MINERAL    INDUSTRY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 


Humboldt. 

Area:  3,634  square  miles. 
Population:  33,857  (1910  census). 

Location:  Northwestern    portion    of   State,   bordering   on    Pacific 
Ocean. 

Humboldt  County  is  almost  entirely  mountainous,  transportation 
within  its  limits  is  very  largely  by  wagon  road  and  trail,  and  until 
recently  was  reached  from  the  outside  world  by  steamer  only.  The 
county  is  rich  in  mineral  resources,  chief  among  which  are  brick,  chro- 
mite,  coal,  clay,  copper,  gold,  graphite,  iron,  mineral  water,  natural  gas, 
petroleum,  platinum,  silver,  and  stone  industry. 

Six  mineral  substances,  as  shown  by  the  table  given  below,  having  a 
total  value  of  $471,052,  were  produced  in  1913,  as  compared  with  the 
1912  output,  worth  $268,116.  Humboldt  ranks  twenty-sixth  among  the 
counties  of  the  State  for  the  year. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows: 


Substance 


Amount 


Value 


Brick  

Copper  

Gold 

Natural   gas    

Silver   

Stone  industry* 

Total    


500  M      • 
7,750  lbs. 

$4,150  00 

1,201  00 

25,611  OO 

150  00 

132  00 

439,808  00 

$471,052  OO 

*See  page  42. 


Imperial. 


Area:  4,089  square  miles. 

Population:  30,000  (estimated  by  board  of  supervisors). 

Location:  Extreme  southeast  corner  of  the  State. 

During  1913  Imperial  County  produced  five  mineral  substances  having 
a  total  value  of  $95,054,  as  compared  with  the  1912  output,  worth 
$30,000.  This  county  contains  large  undeveloped  deposits  of  gold,, 
gypsum,  lead,  marble,  salt,  and  silver. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows : 


Substance 

Amount 

Value 

Brick 

5,500'  M 

$44,000  OO 

Gold    .         

31,700  00 

Marble          _.      

750  cu.  ft. 

7,260'  00 

Silver      ..  - -  . -- 

94  00 

Stone  indnstrv*  - 

12,000  00 

Total 

$95,054  OO 

*See  page  42. 


STATISTICS    OF   ANNUAL    PRODUCTION. 


81 


Inyo. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Reports  YIII.  XII. 

Area:  10,019  square  miles. 

Population:  6,974  (1910  census). 

Location :  Lies  on  eastern  border  of  State,  north  of  San  Bernardino 
County. 
Inyo,  the  second  largest  county  in  the  State  and  containing  less  than 
one  inhabitant  per  square  mile,  is  extremely  interesting  from  a  mineral- 
ogical  point  of  view.  It  is  noted  because  of  the  fact  that  within  its 
borders  are  located  both  the  highest  point.  Mount  Whitney  (elevation 
14,502  feet),  and  the  lowest  point,  Death  Valley  (elevation  290  feet 
below  sea  level),  in  the  United  States.  In  the  higher  mountainous 
sections  are  found  many  vein  forming  minerals  and  in  the  ancient  lake 
beds  of  Death  Valley  saline  deposits  of  all  kinds  exist. 

Inyo's  mineral  production  during  the  year  1913  reached  a  value  of 
$1,942,309,  the  county  standing  sixteenth  among  the  counties  of  the 
State  in  this  respect.  Its  mineral  resources  include  antimony,  asbestos, 
barytes,  bismuth,  borax,  copper,  gems,  gold,  gypsum,  lead,  magnesite, 
marble,  molybdenum,  mineral  water,  nitre,  platinum,  quicksilver,  salt, 
soapstone,  silver,  soda,  sulphur,  tungsten,  and  zinc. 
Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows: 


Substance 


Amount 


Value 


Copper  

Gold  

Lead   

Marble   

Salt    

Silver   

Soapstone  

Stone  industry* 
Other  minerals 

Total    


113,860  lbs. 


3,322,308  lbs. 
3,200  cu.  ft. 
13,.50O  tons 


1,000  tons 


$17,&48  00 

237,310  00 

146,182  00 

11,500  00 

54,000  00 

136,854  00 

4,400  00 

835  00 

1,333,580  00 


$1,942,30&  00 


*See  page  42. 


Kern. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Report  VIII. 

Area:  8,003  square  miles. 

Population:  55,000  (estimated  by  board  of  supervisors). 

Location:  South  central  portion  of  State. 

Kern  County,  because  of  its  immense  productive  oil  fields,  stands 
preeminent  among  all  counties  of  California  in  the  value  of  its  mineral 
output,  the  exact  figures  for  1913  being  $28,406,193.  This  is  larger 
by  twenty  million  dollars  than  the  succeeding  county  on  the  list.  This 
figure  also  exceeds  the  value  of  the  total  gold  output  of  the  entire  State 


82 


MINERAL    INDUSTRY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 


by  approximately  $8,000,000.  The  1912  mineral  output  for  the  county 
was  worth  $23,097,003;  thus  it  will  be  noted  that  the  growth  of  the 
mineral  industry  in  Kern  County  alone  had  a  value  of  $5,309,190. 

Among  the  mineral  resources,  developed  and  undeveloped,  of  this 
section  are  antimony,  asbestos,  asphalt,  barite,  borax,  brick,  clay,  copper, 
fuller's  earth,  gems,  gold,  gypsum,  iron,  lead,  limestone,  magnesite, 
m-arble,  mineral  paint,  natural  gas,  petroleum,  potash,  salt,  silver, 
soapstone,  soda,  sulphur,  and  tungsten. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows : 


Substance 

Amount 

Value 

Brick    -.            .         _                      

1,625  M 

208  tons 
3.498  lbs. 

$22,000  Oil 

Clav    

104  0() 

Copper     .-  -.       .    -    -- 

542  00 

Gold  -    -..-    

649,712  OO 

Gypsum  

10,000  tons 
1,376  lbs. 
135,000  bbls. 
7,111,237  M 
58,698,432  bbls. 

22,750'  00 

Lead  - ._      .    __  _      .-  _  ._         ._    -. 

61  00 

Lime -      -    .  , 

91,200  00 

Natural  gas      ..  ._       -    .- . 

568,899  00 

Petroleum  ._ 

Silver   

27,038,474  00 
11,851  00 

Other  minerals  .    ..       _            ... 

600  00 

Total  -.   - ... 

$28,406,193  00 

Kings. 

Area:  1,159  square  miles. 
Population:  16,230  (1910  census). 
Location:  South  central  portion  of  State. 
Little  development  has  taken  place  in  Kings  County  along  mineral 
lines  to  date.    Deposits  of  fuller's  earth,  gypsum,  mineral  paint,  natural 
gas  and  quicksilver,  of  undetermined  extent,  have  been  found  in  the 
county. 

Commercial  production  during  1913  was  as  follows: 


Substance 


Amount 


Value 


Gj'psum     ....      _ 

100  tons 
20  tons 
1,916  M 

$300  00 
60  00 

Mineral    paint    ..    _                              ... 

Natural    gas            .  _      . 

575  00 

Other  minerals      .    .      

40O  00 

J 

Total    

$1,335  00 

1 

STATISTICS    OF   ANNUAL    PRODUCTION, 


83 


Lake. 

Eeference:  State  Mineralogist  Keport  XI. 
Area:  1,278  square  miles. 
Population:  5,526  (1910  census). 

Location:  About  fifty  miles  north  of  San  Francisco  Bay  and  the 
same  distance  inland  from  the  Pacific  Ocean. 
On  account  of  its  topography  and  natural  beauties,  Lake  County  is 
sometimes  referred  to  as  the  Switzerland  of  America.  The  mineral 
resources  which  exist  here  are  many  and  varied,  actual  production  being 
comparatively  small,  as  shown  by  the  table  below.  Some  of  the  leading 
minerals  found  in  this  section  are  borax,  chromite,  clay,  gems,  gypsum, 
mineral  water,  quicksilver,  and  sulphur. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows : 


Substance 


Amount 


Value 


3Iineral  water  209,750  gals. 

QuicksilA-er    -  395  flasks 

Total    — i 


$109,938  00 
15,891  00 


$125,829  00 


Lassen. 

Eeference:  State  Mineralogist  Keports  VIII,  IX. 
Area:  4,531  square  miles. 

Population:  7,000  (estimated  by  board  of  supervisors,  1913). 
Location:  Northeast  portion  of  State. 
Lassen  County  is  one  of  the  least  explored  sections  of  California. 
Within  the  past  couple  of  years  a  railroad  traversing  the  county  north 
and  south  has  been  put  in  operation,  thus  affording  opportunity  for 
development  along  mineral  and  other  lines. 

Among  the  mineral  resources  of  this  county  are  copper,  gems,  gypsum, 
gold,  silver,  and  sulphur. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows: 


Sub.^tance 

Amount 

Value 

Copper     - 

'       2.259  lbs. 

$350  00 

Silver                                     _            

2  00 

Stone  indiistrv*                                                                         -      -    

2,030  00 

Total 

1 

$2,382  00 

•See  page  42. 


84 


MINERAL    INDUSTRY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 


Los  Angeles. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Reports  VIII,  IX. 

Area:  4,067  square  miles. 

Population:  800,000  (estimated  by  Chamber  of  Commerce,  1913). 

Mineral  production  in  Los  Angeles  County  for  the  year  1913  amounted 
in  value  to  $5,833,298,  as  compared  with  the  1912  output,  worth 
$5,594,513.    This  county  ranks  fifth  in  the  State  as  a  mineral  producer. 

Its  output  of  petroleum,  brick,  and  crushed  rock  each  had  a  value  in 
excess  of  a  million  dollars.  Among  its  leading  mineral  resources  may 
be  noted  asphalt,  barytes,  borax,  brick,  chromite,  clay,  copper,  fuller's 
earth,  gems,  gold,  gypsum,  infusorial  earth,  iron,  limestone,  marble, 
mineral  paint,  mineral  water,  natural  gas,  petroleum,  salt,  sand-glass, 
sandstone,  serpentine,  silver,  soapstone,  and  stone  industry. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows: 


Substance 


Amount 


Brick  204,912  M 

Clay 7,425  tons 

Gems  

Gold 

Mineral  water 255,095  gals. 

Natural  gas  1,287,794  M 

Petroleum  I  4,143,690  bbls. 

Salt   10,000  tons 

Sand-glass  1.800  tons 

Silver 

Stone  industry*  

Other  minerals   


Total    - : - $5,833,298  GO 


Value 

$1,752,106  00 

20,135  00 

2,500  00 

2,322  00 

15,140  00 

77,578  00 

2,672,680  00 

40,000  00 

2,000  00 

27  OO 

1,008,810  00 

240,000  00 


*See  page  42. 
Madera. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Report  XII. 
Area:  2,112  square  miles. 

Population:  15,000  (estimated  by  Chamber  of  Commerce,  1913). 
Location:  East  central  portion  of  State. 
Madera  County  produced  five  mineral  substances  during  the  year  1913 
having  a  total  value  of  $371,867,  as  compared  with  the  1912  output, 
worth  $112,285.     This  county  contains  deposits  of  copper,  gold,  iron, 
lead,  molybdenum,  silver,  and  building  stone. 
Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows : 


Substance 


Amount 


Value 


Brick  315  M 

Copper  I     532,403  lbs. 

Gold    ' 


Silver   

Stone  industry* 


Total 


$1,650  00 

82,522  00 

14,489  00 

1,617  00 

271,589  00 


$371,867  00 


*See  page  42. 


STATISTICS    OF   ANNUAL   PRODUCTION. 


85 


Marin. 

Area:  529  square  miles. 
Population:  25,114  (1910  census). 

Mineral  production  in  Marin  County  during  the  year  1913  reached 
a  value  of  $278,453,  as  compared  to  the  1912  output,  worth  $122,200. 
This  county  is  not  especiallj^  prolific  in  minerals,  although  among  its 
resources  along  these  lines  are  asbestos,  brick,  gems,  mineral  water,  and 
soapstone. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows : 


Substance 


Amount 


Value 


Brick  

Mineral  water  _. 
Stone   industry* 

Total    


16,000  M 
60,000  gals. 


$70,500  OO 

9,000  00 

198,953  00 

$278,453  00 


*See  page  42. 
Mariposa. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Report  XII. 
Area:  1,463  square  miles. 
Population:  3,956   (1910  census). 

Location:  Most    southerly    of    the    Mother    Lode    counties.     East 
central  portion  of  State. 

Mariposa  County  is  one  of  the  distinctly  "mining"  counties  of  the 
State,  although  it  stands  thirty-fourth  on  the  list  of  counties  in  regard 
to  the  value  of  its  mineral  output  for  1913,  with  a  total  of  $246,079. 
This  is  a  considerable  increase  over  the  1912  figures  of  $214,294. 

Its  mineral  resources  are  varied,  among  the  more  important  items 
being  asbestos,  barytes,  copper,  gems,  gold,  lead,  marble,  silver,  slate, 
soapstone,  and  the  stone  industry. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows: 


Substance 

Amount            i 

Value 

CoDDer                                                  -           -       - - 

1 

416,061  lbs. 

|&4,485  00 

Gold    --   .      ---    - 

171,034  OO 

Silver               _  .                   

7,430  00 

Other  minerals 

3,130  00 

Total    -- 

$246,079  00 

86  MINERAL   IXDUSTRT    OF    CALIFORNIA. 

Mendocino. 

Area:  3,453  square  miles. 
Population:  23,929   (1910  census). 

Location:  Joins  Humboldt  County  on  the  north  and  the  Pacific 
Ocean  on  the  west. 
Mendocino  County's  annual  mineral  production  is  quite  small, 
although  the  1913  output,  valued  at  $9,450,  exceeded  many  times  the 
1912  production,  worth  $300.  In  each  case  crushed  rock  was  the 
material  commercially  produced.  Deposits  of  uncertain  value  of  chro- 
mite,  copper,  graphite,  magnesite,  and  mineral  water  have  been  found, 
as  well  as  traces  of  gold  and  silver. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows : 

Substance  Value 


Stone  industry*  $9,450  00 


Total   1  $9,450  00 


*See  page  42. 
Merced. 

Area:  1,995  square  miles. 

Population:  15,148  (1910  census). 

Location:  About  the  geographical  center  of  the  State. 
Merced  County  as  a  whole  lies  in  the  San  Joaquin  Valley  and  it 
figures  as  one  of  the  lesser  mineral  producing  counties  of  the  State. 
The  1913  mineral  output  was  valued  at  $35,329,  derived  from  the  pro- 
duction of  copper,  gold,  silver,  and  crushed  rock.  Undeveloped  deposits 
of  antimony,  quicksilver,  and  limestone  have  been  noted  in  this  county 
in  addition  to  the  foregoing. 

Commercial  production  during  1913  was  as  follows: 


Substance 

Amount 

Value 

Copper      _                .  _ 

19,240  lbs. 

$2,982  00 
2,255  CO 

Goldt    . 

Silver!   

92  00 

Stone   industry*   ..                                   _     -     -  _ 

30,000  00 

Total      -_      .  . 

$35,329  00 

*See  page      iJS 
tProduction  from  dredging  operations  included  in   Stanislaus  County. 


STATISTICS    OF    AXKUAL    PRODUCTIOX. 


87 


Modoc. 

Area:  3,823  square  miles. 
Population:  6,191   (1910  census). 
Location :  The  extreme  northeast  corner  of  the  State. 
jModoc  County,  like  Lassen,  has  only  recentlj''  had  the  benefit  of  com- 
munication with  the  outside  world  by  rail.     It  is  at  the  present  time, 
generally  speaking,  an  unexplored  country.     Among  its  known  mineral 
resources  are  clay,  coal,  gold,  iron,  quicksilver,  salt,  and  silver. 
Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows : 


Substance 

Amount 

Value 

Gold                                                                                             -      -       -  -       - 

$6,061  OO 

Salt    

40  tons 

720  00 

Silver     

94  OO 

Total    

$6,875  00 

Mono. 

Reference:  State  IMineralogist  Reports  VIII,  XII. 
Area:  3,030  square  miles. 
Population:    2,843  (1910  census). 

Location:  Is  bordered  by  the  State  of  Nevada  on  the  east  and  is 
about  in  the  central  portion  of  the  State  measured  on  a  north 
and  south  line. 
Gold  mining  has  been  carried  on  in  portions  of  Mono  County  for 
many  years,  although  taken  as  a  whole  it  lies  in  a  very  inaccessible 
country  and  has  been  but  superficially  explored.     It  is  in  the  contin- 
uation of  the  highly  mineralized  belt  which  was  noted  in  Inyo  County 
and  contains  among  other  mineral  resources  barytes,  bismuth,   clay, 
copper,  gold,  gypsum,  iron,  lead,  limestone,  silver,  and  travertine. 
Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows : 


Substance 

Amount 

Value 

Copper 

79,319  lbs. 

S12,294  00 

Gold    

147,271  00 

Lime    -.  _  _  . _--__         _____ 

2.135  bbls. 

1,600  00 

Silver   

23,263  00 

Total      _    _. 

$184,428  00 

88 


MINERAL   INDUSTRY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 


Monterey. 

lieference:  State  Mineralogist  Reports  YI,  X. 

Area:  3,330  square  miles. 

Population:  24,146  (1910  census). 

Location:  West  central  portion  of  State,  bordering  on  Pacific  Ocean. 
Monterej'  County  produced  twelve  mineral  substances  during  the  year 
1913  having  a  total  value  of  $178,679,  as  compared  with  the  1912  output, 
worth  $132,749.  Its  mineral  resources  include  brick,  clay,  copper,  coal, 
feldspar,  fuller's  earth,  gold,  gypsum,  infusorial  earth,  limestone,  min- 
eral water,  petroleum,  quicksilver,  sand-glass,  sandstone,  and  the  stone 
industry. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows: 


Substance 

Amount 

Value 

Clay    . 

35,000  tons 

$12,000  00 

Gold    

6,491  00 

Gypsum        . .  _  . . 

11,000  tons 
1,700  tons 
6,500  tons 

20,000  gals. 
8,901  tons 

35,000  00 

Infusorial  earth  _- 

6,800  00 

Limestone      -  . 

13,000  00 

Mineral  water  ..  .. 

7,000  00 

Sand-glass    .    . ._ 

7,473  00 

Silver - 

27  00 

Stone  industry*        . . 

12,556  00 

Other  minerals  

78,332  00 

Total    

$178,679  00 

♦See  page  42. 

Napa. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Report  XI. 
Area:  783  square  miles. 
Population:  19,800  (1910  census). 

Location:  Directly  north  of  San  Francisco  Bay — one  of  the  "bay 
counties. ' ' 

Napa,  because  of  its  production  of  structural  and  industrial  materials, 
stands  twentieth  on  the  list  of  mineral  producing  counties  in  California. 
Its  most  important  mineral  resources  are  asbestos,  barytes,  copper, 
cement,  gypsum,  magnesite,  mineral  water,  quicksilver,  sandstone,  soap- 
stone,  and  stone  industry. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows : 


Substance 

Amount 

Value 

Mineral  water     _  _  _ _  _  _         _  _ 

151,520  gals. 
70,000  cu.  ft. 
287  flasks 
20,000  cu.  ft. 

$75,548  00 

Pumice  stone     _         __         ...      _.__ _  _  _ 

2,500  OO 

Quicksilver 

11,546  00 

Sandstone     _  _  _  _ 

8,000  OO 

Stone  industry* 

243,759  00 

Other  minerals     ,  _ 

845,000  00 

Total    

$1,186,353  00 

*See  page  42. 


STATISTICS    OF   ANNUAL    PRODUCTION.  89 

Nevada. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Reports  VI,  X. 

Area:  974  square  miles. 

Population:  1-4,955  (1910  census). 

Location :  North  of  Lake  Tahoe  on  the  eastern  border  of  the  State. 

Nevada,  one  of  the  mountain  counties  of  California,  leads  all  others 
in  its  gold  output  for  1913  and  stands  eighth  on  the  list  in  regard  to 
the  value  of  its  total  mineral  output  with  a  figure  of  $2,950,367,  as 
compared  with  the  1912  production,  worth  $2,108,543. 

While  this  county  actually  produces  little  else  in  the  mineral  line 
aside  from  gold  and  silver,  its  resources  cover  a  wide  scope,  including 
asbestos,  baryte,  bismuth,  chromite,  clay,  copper,  gems,  iron,  lead,  mag- 
nesite,  mineral  paint,  pyrite,  soapstone,  and  tungsten. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows : 


Substance 

Amount 

Value 

Gold 

$2,918,733  00 

Lead     .         _._--_         _      -._-..._____ 

2,090  lbs. 

92  00 

Silver _         

26,542  OO 

Stone  industry*  .. 

5,000  00 

Total    

$2,950,367  00 

♦See  page  42. 
Orange. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Reports  X,  XI. 

Area:  795  square  miles. 

Population:  34,436  (1910  census). 

Location:  Southwestern  portion  of  State,  bordering  Pacific  Ocean. 

Orange  County  is  one  of  the  many  in  California  which  on  casual 
inspection  appears  to  be  anything  but  a  mineral  producing  section. 
It  stands,  however,  as  the  third  county  in  the  State  in  regard  to  the 
total  value  of  mineral  output,  its  highly  productive  oil  fields  making 
such  a  condition  possible. 

This  county  made  a  tremendous  gain  in  1913,  with  a  total  value  of 
mineral  products  of  $6,948,495,  over  the  1912  output,  worth  $4,518,275. 

Aside  from  the  substances  actually  produced  and  noted  in  the  table 
below,  gypsum,  iron,  infusorial  earth,  sandstone,  and  tourmaline  have 
been  found  in  Orange  County. 


90  MI>rERAL    INDUSTEY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows : 


Substance 

Amount 

Value 

Brick    --      .-.      -  - 

2,100  M 
15,500  tons 
192,240  M 
9,485,362  bbls. 

$14,000  00 

Clav                                   -         -      -  . 

20,666  00 

Natural  gas  __.--_          .__ _  .  _ 

9,612  00 

Petrolpum        __.      __        ._      _          . 

6,867,402  00 

Stone  industry* 

36,815  00 

Total --  - 

$6,948,495  00 

*See  page  42. 


Placer. 


Area:  1,395  square  miles. 

Population:  18,237  (1910  census). 

Location:  Eastern  border  of  State,  directly  west  of  Lake  Tahoe. 
While  standing  only  twenty-fourth  on  the  list  of  mineral  producing 
counties.  Placer  contains  a  wide  variety  of  mineral  substances  which 
have  never  been  commercially  exploited.  Its  leading  products  are  gold 
and  granite.  Other  mineral  resources,  many  of  them  undeveloped,  are : 
Asbestos,  brick,  chromite,  clay,  coal,  copper,  gems,  gold,  iron,  limestone, 
magnesite,  manganese,  marble,  quartz  crystals,  sand-glass,  silver,  soap- 
stone,  and  the  stone  industry. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows : 


Substance 


Amount 


Value 


Brick   1.900  M 

Clay  i     63,600  tons 

Copper  1         429  lbs. 

Gold  ' 


Lead    

Quartz    

Silver  

Stone  industry* 

Total  


805  tons 
2,000  tons 


$40,000  00 

47,200  00' 

67  00 

220,785  00 

35  00 

4,000  OO 

2,972  OO 

205,749  00 


$520,808  OO 


*See  page  42. 
Plumas. 

Area:  2,594  square  miles. 

Population:  5,259   (1910  census). 

Location:  Northeastern  border  of  State,  south  of  Lassen. 

A  considerable  portion  of  the  area  of  Plumas  County  lies  in  the  high 
mountains  and  deposits  of  the  metals,  especially  copper,  abound  here. 
Lack  of  transportation  and  other  facilities  have  retarded  its  growth 
and  its  future  is  decidedly  promising.  Mineral  production  for  1913 
was  valued  at  $143,698,  as  compared  with  the  1912  output,  worth 
$196,997. 


STATISTICS    OF   ANNUAL    PRODUCTION. 


91 


Among  its  mineral  resources  are  chromite,  copper,  gold,  granite,  iron, 
lead,  limestone,  manganese,  platinum  minerals,  silver,  tungsten,  and  zinc. 
Commercial  production  for  19] 3  was  as  follows: 


Substance 


Copper  i     17,274  lbs 

Gold  

Lead   

Silver  

Stone  industry*  

Total 


Amount 

Value 

17,274  lbs 

$2,678  00 
138,368  00 

5,621  lbs. 

247  00 

705  00 

1,700  00 

$143,698  00 

*See  page  42. 
Riverside. 

Area:  7,2-40  square  miles. 

Population:  34,696  (1910  census). 

Location:  Southern  portion  of  State. 
Riverside  is  the  fourth  county  in  the  State  in  size  and  the  thirteenth 
in  regard  to  the  total  value  of  mineral  output  for  1913.  Within  its 
borders  are  included  mountain,  desert  and  agricultural  land.  Its  min- 
eral resources  include  metals,  structural  and  industrial  materials,  and 
salines,  some  of  the  more  important  being  asbestos,  borax,  brick,  cement, 
clay,  coal,  copper,  gems,  gold,  graphite,  gypsum,  iron,  lead,  limestone, 
magnesite,  marble,  mineral  paint,  mineral  water,  nitre,  salt,  sand-glass, 
soapstone,  silver,  stone  industry,  and  tin. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows : 


Substance 

Amount 

Value 

Brick                                                         

3,530  M 
88,936  tons 
8,971  lbs. 

$30,300  CO 

Clav     -  -            -           --      -         -—    

89,963  00 

Copper  _.    --       --            -      - 

1,391  OO 

Gems 

1,000  00 

Gold                                      -t.               

12,501  00 

Gvpsum                                       _ -    - 

1,000  tons 

569  tons 

200,000  gals. 

3,000  00 

Maenesite                                                 - 

4,552  00 

Mineral  water    __         ____                   ____ 

20,000  00 

Silver                                                 .  _ -  - 

104  00 

Stone   Indnstrv* 

536,844  00 

Other   minerals 

1,372,314  00 

Totals                                                            -             

$2,071,969  00 

*See  page  4  2. 

92 


Sacramento. 


MINERAL    INDUSTEY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 


'  Area:  983  square  miles. 
Population:  90,000  (estimate  of  Chamber  of  Commerce,  1913). 
Location:  North  central  portion  of  State. 
Sacramento  stands  ninth  among  the  counties  of  the  State  as  a  mineral 
producer,    the    output,    principally    gold,    for    1913    being   valued    at 
$2,925,706,  as  compared  with  the  1912  production,  worth  $2,171,399. 
In  regard  to  gold  output  alone  this  countj^  ranks  third,  being  exceeded 
only  by  Amador  and  Nevada  counties.     Its  mineral  resources  include 
brick,  clay,  gold,  natural  gas,  platinum,  silver,  and  the  stone  industry. 
Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows: 


Substance 

Amount 

Value 

Brick   

22,535  M 

$144,191  00 

Gold  

2,503,633  00 

Natural  gas  _. _  .. 

72,000  M 

36,000  00 

Silver    

3,406  00 

Stone  Industrj'*     . 

238,476  00 

Total  

$2,925,706  00 

♦See  page  42. 
San  Benito. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Report  XII. 
Area:  1,392  square  miles. 
Population:  8,041   (1910  census). 
Location:  "West  central  portion  of  State. 
Although  twenty-fifth  among  the  counties  of  the  State  in  regard  to 
value  of  total  mineral  production,  San  Benito  leads  in  one  important 
branch  of  the  mineral  industry,  namely,  quicksilver  production. 

Its  other  mineral  resources,  many  of  them  undeveloped,  include  anti- 
mony, bituminous  rock,  chromite,  coal,  gypsum,  gems,  limestone,  mineral 
water,  soapstone,  and  the  stone  industry. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows: 


Substance 

Amount 

Value 

Mineral  water   ..         _                                        .__ 

7,000  gals. 
9,719  flasks 

$4,500  00 

Quicksilver      __  . 

390.995  00 

Stone   industry*  __ 

119,500  00 

Total 

$514,995  00 

''See  page  42. 


I 


STATISTICS    OF    ANNUAL    PRODUCTION. 


93 


San   Bernardino. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Reports  VIII,  IX,  XI. 
Area:  20,157  square  miles. 

Population:  75,000  (estimate  by  board  of  supervisors,  1913). 
Location:  Southeastern  portion  of  State. 

San  Bernardino,  by  far  the  largest  county  in  the  State,  ranks  twelfth 
as  regards  the  value  of  its  mineral  output  for  1913,  with  a  total  of 
$2,486,100.  This  county,  consisting  largely  of  mountain  and  desert 
country,  is  highly  mineralized,  a  few  of  the  more  important  mineral 
resources  being  asbestos,  barytes,  borax,  brick,  cement,  clay,  copper, 
gems,  gold,  gypsum,  iron,  lead,  limestone,  marble,  mineral  paint,  mineral 
water,  nitre,  potash,  salt,  silver,  soapstone,  soda,  stone  industry,  tungsten, 
tufa,  vanadium,  and  zinc. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows : 


Substance 

Amount 

Value 

Barytes     -_-           .__                __ 

50  tons 
350  M 
497,852  lbs. 

.$550  00 

Brick __      -         -              

2,100  00 

Copper  .. _..  _         _-  -         _         

77,167  00 

Gems     --_--                 --         --_.  - 

550  00 

Gold -  - 

356,524  00 

Gypsum  -_ 

Lead      .                              .        _.      ._  . 

25,000  tons 

279,241  lbs. 

121,544  bbls. 

25,896  tons 

4,500  gals. 

3,049  tons 

74,000  00 
12,287  00 

Lime      _ _      __      ___      _.. 

113,856  00 

Limestone     __                _______ 

35,464  00 

Mineral   water     ___            ___ 

3,000  00 

Salt     - 

10,573  00 

Silver     _________ 

44,413  00 

Stone  industry*    _  _                                           _ __  ..    .. 

364,312  00 

Other  minerals    _                _____      ____ _  _  _  _    

l',391,304  00 

Total                                                                              _  '                    

$2,486,100  00 

*See  page  42. 

San  Diego. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Reports  VI,  VIII,  XI. 

Area:  4,221  square  miles. 

Population:  140,000  (estimate  by  Chamber  of  Commerce,  1913). 

Location:  Extreme  southwest  corner  of  State. 
San  Diego,  first  in  California  in  the  production  of  gem  stones,  ranks 
twenty-ninth  in  regard  to  its  total  value  of  mineral  output.  This  figure 
for  1913  equaled  $315,694,  as  compared  to  the  1912  output,  worth 
$305,683.  Aside  from  minerals  commercially  produced,  as  shown  below, 
San  Diego  County  contains  deposits  of  asbestos,  bismuth,  copper,  lithia, 
mica,  marble,  potash,  soap.stone,  and  tungsten. 


94  MIN^EEAL    INDUSTRY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows: 


Substance 

Amount 

Value 

Brick _    _      .„    _ 

9,384  M 
838  tons 

$68,400  00 

Clay _ 

2,840  00 

Gems -      - _      ._            

7,465  00 

Mineral  water  ._  _  _            _ 

41,.500  gals. 
20,500  tons 

15,225  00 

Salt 

51,750  00 

Stone  industry* 

170,014  00 

Total  

$315,694  00 

*See  page  42. 

San   Francisco. 

Area:  43  square  miles. 

Population :  560,582  (estimate  by  Chamber  of  Commerce,  1913). 

Surprising  as  it  may  appear  at  first  glance,  San  Francisco  County  is 
listed  among  the  mineral  producing  sections  of  the  State,  actual  produc- 
tion consisting  of  crushed  rock,  sand,  and  gravel.  Small  quantities  of 
various  valuable  mineral  substances  are  found  here,  including  cinnabar, 
gypsum,  lignite  and  magnesite,  none,  however,  in  paying  quantities. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows: 


Substance 


Value 


Stone  industry* 
Total    


$110,551  00 
$110,551  00 


*See  page  42. 


San  Joaquin. 


Ai'ea:  1,448  square  miles. 
Population:  50,731  (1910  census). 
Location:  Central  portion  of  State. 

San  Joaquin  County  reported  a  mineral  production  for  the  year  1913 
having  a  total  value  of  $165,157,  as  compared  with  the  1912  output, 
worth  $210,040.  Comparatively  few  mineral  substances  are  found  here, 
the  chief  ones  being  brick,  clay,  infusorial  earth,  manganese,  natural 
gas,  and  sand-glass. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows: 


Substance 


Amount 


Value 


Brick  6,314  M 

Clayt  :       1,494  tons 

Natural  gas  142,730  M 

Sand-glass  3,000  tons 

Stone  industry* 

Total    i 

*See  page  42. 
fHigh-grade  fire  clay. 


$73,768  00 

18,522  00 

67,967  00 

4,000  00 

900  00 


$165,157  00 


STATISTICS    OF    ANNUAL   PRODUCTION. 


95 


San   Luis  Obispo. 

I        Area:  3,334  square  miles. 
Population:  19,383  (1910  census). 
Location:  Bordered  by  Kern  County  on  the  east  and  the  Pacific 
Ocean  on  the  west. 
San  Luis  Obispo  County  more  than  doubled  its  mineral  production 
in  1913,  as  compared  with  the  previous  year.     The  total  value  for  1913 
amounted  to  $63,675,  as  compared  with  the  1912  output,  worth  $31,564. 
Among  its  mineral  resources,   both   developed   and  undeveloped,   are 
asphalt,  bituminous  rock,  brick,  chromite,  coal,  copper,  gold,  gypsum, 
infusorial  earth,  limestone,  marble,   mineral  water,   onyx,  petroleum, 
quicksilver,  silver,  and  stone  industry. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows : 


Substance 

Amount 

Value 

Bituminous  rock 

Brick _--    __    

609  tons 
1,500  M 

$1,149  00 
15,000  00 

Gold  _-      -     -     - 

124  00 

Mineral   water   _      _    _  - 

1,500  gals. 
1,160  flasks 

600  00 

Quicksilver 

46,667  00 

Silver —         __         _         _      _- 

1  00 

Stone  industry*  __ 

134  00 



Total  

$63,675  00 

*See  page  42. 

San    Mateo. 

Area;  447  square  miles. 

Population:  37,500  (estimate  by  county  board  of  supervisors,  1913) . 
Location:  Peninsula,  joining  San  Francisco  on  the  north. 
San  Mateo's  most  important  mineral  products  are  limestone  and  salt, 
the  latter  being  derived  by  evaporation  from  the  waters  of  San  Fran- 
cisco Bay.     The  total  value  of  all  mineral  production  during  1913 
equaled  $215,371,  almost  identical  with  the  1912  figures  of  $216,582. 

Small  amounts  of  barytes,  chromite,  infusorial  earth  and  quicksilver 
have  been  discovered  in  addition  to  the  items  of  economic  value  noted 
below. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows : 


Substance 

Amount 

Value 

Brick . 

1,418  M 
2,000  tons 

$44,680  00 

Clay  

1,000  00 

Gems _ _..__. 

300  00 

Limestone   .___.____ 

138,544  tons 
28,000  tons 

78,506  00 

Salt    

72,250  00 

Stone  industry*  ._ 

18,635  00 

Total  

$215,371  00 

*See  page  42. 
7—12524 


96 


MINEEAL    INDUSTKY    OF    CALIFOENIA. 


Santa    Barbara. 

Area:  2,740  square  miles. 
Population:  27,738  (1910  census). 

Location:  Southwestern  portion  of  State,  joining  San  Luis  Obispo 
on  the  south. 
Five  out  of  the  six  leading  counties  of  the  State,  in  regard  to  the 
value  of  their  mineral  production,  owe  their  position  to  the  presence 
of  productive  oil  fields  within  their  boundaries.  Santa  Barbara  County 
is  sixth  on  the  list,  with  a  total  value  of  $3,636,288  for  the  year  1913, 
as  compared  with  the  1912  output  of  $4,111,258. 

Aside  from  the  mineral  substances  listed  below  Santa  Barbara  County 
contains  asphalt,  gilsonite,  gypsum,  magnesite,  and  quicksilver  in  more 
or  less  abundanc*. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows : 


Substance 


Amount 


Value 


Bituminous  rock   10,000  tons 

Brick  3,000  M 

Infusorial  eartli  |       6,895  tons 

Lime    '     26,512  bbls. 

Limestone    |       5,884  tons 

Mineral   water   :   112,500  gals. 

Natural  gas  5,096,300  M 

Petroleum   6,291,076  bbls. 

Sandstone   4,500  eu.  ft. 

Stone  industry* 


Total 


$10,000  00 

24,000  00 

28,960  00 

25,910  00 

19,623  00 

108,135  00 

254,815  00 

3,151,725  00 

1,670  00 

11,450  00 


$3,636,288  00 


*See  page  42. 

Santa  Clara. 

Reference:  State   Mineralogist   Report   IX. 

Area:  1,328  square  miles. 

Population:  97,039  (estimate  by  Chamber  of  Commerce,  1913). 

Location:  West  central  portion  of  State. 

Owing  to  a  decided  decrease  in  its  leading  mineral  product,  quick- 
silver, Santa  Clara  County  reported  a  mineral  output  for  1913  of 
$311,383,  as  compared  with  the  1912  figure  of  $557,585.  This  county, 
lying  largely  in  the  Coast  Range  of  mountains,  contains  a  wide  variety 
of  mineral  substances,  including  clay,  limestone,  magnesite,  manganese, 
mineral  water,  petroleum,  quicksilver,  soapstone,  and  the  stone  industry. 


STATISTICS    OF    ANNUAL    PRODI'CTIOX. 


97 


Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows: 


Substance 


Amount 


Value 


Brick  

Lime    

Limestone    

Magnesite    

Mineral  water  __ 

Natural  gas  

Petroleum    

Quicksilver   

srone    industry* 

Total  


18,000  M 
iai07  bbls. 
3,549  tons 
70  tons 
101,000  gals. 
2,000  M 
20,000  bbls. 
3,709  flasks 


$95,000  00 

9,783  00 

4,200  00 

560  00 

10,750  00 

500  00 

12,000  00 

149,213  00 

29,377  00 


$311,383  00 


*See  page  42. 
Santa    Cruz. 

Area:  435  square  miles. 

Population:  26,140  (1910  census). 

Location:  Bordering  Pacific  Ocean,  just  south  of  San  Mateo  County. 

The  mineral  output  of  Santa  Cruz  County,  a  portion  of  which  is 
itemized  below,  amounted  to  a  total  value  of  $1,816,805,  giving  the 
county  a  standing  of  eighteenth  among  all  others  in  the  State  in  this 
regard. 

Among  the  mineral  resources  known  here  are  bituminous  rock,  cement, 
coal,  graphite,  gold,  lime,  limestone,  petroleum,  silver,  and  the  stone 
industry. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows: 


Substance 


Amount 


Value 


Bituminous  rock 26,932  tons 

Lime    j     75,000  bbls. 

Limestone  j     39,494  tons 

Stone  industry* ' 

Other  minerals 


Total 


$67,330  00 

60,000  00 

30,994  00 

10,511  00 

1,647,970  00 


$1,816,805  00 


*See  page  42. 
Shasta. 

Beference:  State  Mineralogist  Report  XI. 
Area:  3,858  square  miles. 
Population:  18,920  (1910  census). 
Location:  North  central  portion  of  State. 

Shasta  County  stands  fourth  in  California  among  the  mineral  pro- 

i  ducing  counties  with   an   output   valued  at   $6,212,344   for   1913,   as 

compared  with  the   1912  production,  worth  $5,825,819.     Not  taking 

petroleum  into  account,  Shasta  leads  all  the  counties  by  a  wide  margin. 


98 


MINERAL   INDUSTRY    OF    CALIFORNIA, 


This  county  is  first  in  copper  production,  first  in  silver,  first  in  pyrite, 
third  in  lead,  sixth  in  gold.  The  Shasta  copper  belt  is  the  most  im- 
portant deposit  of  this  metal  on  the  Pacific  coast,  and  the  present 
production  would  be  practically  doubled  were  it  not  for  the  conflict 
between  the  agricultural  interests  and  the  smelters  regarding  the 
alleged  damage  done  to  crops  by  the  smelter  fumes.  Some  of  the 
smelters  have  been  closed  by  injunction  and  others  have  been  forced 
to  curtail  their  output  in  the  effort  to  render  their  gaseous  waste 
innocuous. 

Shasta's  leading  mineral  resources  are  asbestos,  barytes,  brick, 
chrome,  copper,  iron,  gold,  lead,  lime,  limestone,  mineral  water,  pyrite, 
silver,  stone  industry,  and  zinc. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows: 


Substance 


Amount 


Asbestos  

Brick 

Chromite   

Copper 

Gold    

Lead    

Lime    

Limestone  

Mineral  water 

Pyrite    

Silver  

Other  minerals 

Total   


47  tons 
360  M 
280  tons 
27,688,436  lbs. 


19,070  lbs. 
8,595  bbls. 
41,346  tons 
30,000  gals. 
72,971  tons 


Value 


$1,175  00 

4,330  00 

2,800  00 

4,291,708  00 

1,208,870  00 

839  00 

7,030  00 

35,616  00 

6,850  00 

194.409  00 

448,031  00 

10,686  00 


$6,212,344  00 


Sierra. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Keport  VI. 

Area:  923  square  miles. 

Population:  4,098  (1910  census). 

Location:  Eastern  border  of  State,  just  north  of  Nevada  County. 

Sierra  County  made  a  notable  increase  in  her  mineral  production  dur- 
ing 1913  with  a  value  of  $1,010,976,  as  compared  with  the  1912  output 
worth  $736,423.  Of  the  twenty-one  counties  in  the  State  during  1913 
which  reported  a  mineral  production  in  excess  of  $1,000,000  Sierra  ranks 
last.     Considering  gold  output  alone  this  county  stands  eighth. 

Aside  from  the  metals  itemized  below  Sierra  County  contains  deposits 
of  asbestos,  chromite,  iron,  platinum  minerals,  serpentine  and  talc. 


STATISTICS    OF   ANNUAL   PEODUCTION. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows : 

99 

Substance 

Amount 

Value 

Gold .              - 

$1,006,573  00 

Lead            .               .            _            _         _ 

2,228  lbs. 

98  00 

Silver           _               _                      .            _         _  . 

4,305  00 

1 
Total    .      .     

$1,010,976  00 

Siskiyou. 

Area:  6,256  square  miles. 
Population:  18,800  (1910  census). 

Location:  Extreme  north  central  portion  of  State,  next  Oregon 
boundary. 

Siskiyou,  fifth  county  in  California  in  regard  to  size,  located  in  a 
highly  mineralized  and  mountainous  country,  ranks  thirty-first  in  regard 
to  the  value  of  its  mineral  output  for  1913.  Although  the  county  is 
traversed  by  a  railroad  in  a  north  and  south  line,  the  mineral  bearing 
sections  are  almost  without  exception  far  from  transportation  and  other 
facilities.  A  large  part  of  the  county  is  accessible  by  trail  alone. 
Future  development  and  exploitation  will  doubtless  increase  the  pro- 
ductiveness of  this  part  of  the  State  to  a  great  degree. 

Among  Siskiyou's  mineral  resources  are,  chromite,  clay,  coal,  copper, 
gems,  gold,  limestone,  marble,  mineral  water,  pumice  stone,  quicksilver, 
sandstone,  silver,  and  the  stone  industry. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows: 


Substance 


Amount 


Value 


Gems  

Goldt    

Mineral  water  _. 
Pumice  stone  __- 

Silvert  

Stone  industry* 
Other  minerals  . 

Total    


700,000  gals. 
90  tons 


$250  00 
180,125  00 
120,000  00 
2,000  00 
1,228  00 
4,883  00 
1,500  00 


$309,986  00 


*See  page  42. 

tProduction  from  dredging  operations  included  in  the  Stanislaus  total. 


Solano, 

At^ea:  822  square  miles. 

Population:  27,559  (1910  census). 

Location:  Touching  San  Francisco  Bay  on  the  northeast. 

Solano  while  mostly  valley  land,  produced  mineral  substances  during 
the  year  1913  to  the  total  value  of  $1,839,721,  ranking  seventeenth  among 


100 


MINERAL    INDUSTRY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 


the  counties  of  the  State.     Among  her  mineral  resources  are  bituminous 
rock,  brick,  cement,  clay,  fuller's  earth,  limestone,  mineral  water,  nat- 
ural gas,  onyx,  petroleum,  quicksilver,  salt,  and  the  stone  industry. 
Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows: 


Substance 

Amount 

Value 

Mineral  water     _  . 

23,600  gals. 
6,319  M 

$3,440  00 

Natural  gas 

7,366  00 

Stone  industry* 

28,915  00 

Other  minerals 

1,800,000  00 

Total    _-    

$1,839,721  00 

*See  page  42. 


Sonoma. 


Area:  1,577  square  miles. 

Population:  48,394  (1910  census). 

Location:  South  of  Mendocino  County,  bordering  on  Pacific  Ocean. 

Sonoma  ranked  thirty-fifth  among  the  counties  of  California  during 
the  year  1913  with  a  mineral  production  valued  at  $239,037,  as  compared 
Math  its  1912  output  worth  $346,306.  More  paving  blocks  are  manufac- 
tured here  than  in  anj'-  other  section  of  the  State. 

Among  Sonoma's  mineral  resources  are  brick,  chromite,  clay,  copper, 
graphite,  magnesite,  marble,  mineral  paint,  mineral  water,  quicksilver, 
and  the  stone  industry. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows : 


Substance 

Amount 

Value 

Infusorial  earth  

Mineral  water                                        _                _       

50  tons 
96,240  gals. 
12  flasks 

$208  00 
46,910  00 

Quicksilver                              _  _ 

483  00 

Stone  industry* 

191,436  00 

Total    - 

$239,037  00 

*See  page  42. 

Stanislaus. 

Area:  1,450  square  miles. 

Population:  35,000  (estimate  by  the  county  board  of  supervisors, 

1913). 
Location:  Center  of  State,  bounded  on  south  by  Merced  County. 
Gold  is  the  chief  mineral  product  of  Stanislaus  County,  although  de- 
posits of  clay,  gypsum,  iron,  manganese,  mineral  paint,  quicksilver  and 
silver  are  found  here  to  some  extent  as  well.     This  county  ranks  thirty- 
third  in  the  State  in  regard  to  value  of  mineral  output. 


STATISTICS    OF    AXXUAL    PRODUCTION". 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows : 


101 


Substance 

Amount 

Value 

Brick -                         _  -      . 

300  M 

$2,400  00 
253,166  00 

Gold 

Mineral  paint    ._ 

255  tons 

1,530  00 

Silver  

671  00 

Stone  industry* 

14,482  00 

Total 


$272,249  00 


♦See  page  42. 
Sutter. 

Area:  608  square  miles. 
Poptdation:  6,328  (1910  census). 

Location:  Bounded  by  Butte  County  on  the  north  and  Sacramento 
on  the  south. 

Sutter  shares  with  Yolo  County  the  distinction  of  being  the  only  sec- 
tion of  the  State  which  had  no  commercial  output  of  some  kind  of  min- 
eral substance  during  1913.  Both  clay  and  coal  exist  here,  but  deposits 
of  neither  mineral  have  been  placed  on  a  productive  basis. 

Tehama. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Report  XI. 
Area:  2,893  square  miles. 
Population:  11,401  (1910  census). 

Location:  North  central  portion  of  the  State,  bounded  on  the  north 
by  Shasta. 

Tehama  stands  fifty-third  among  the  fifty-six  mineral  producing  coun- 
*i'^s  of  the  State.  Its  mineral  output  during  1913  was  valued  at  $2,442 
as  compared  with  the  1912  production  worth  $1,300.  Mt.  Lassen  is  lo- 
cated within  the  boundaries  of  this  county. 

Among  its  mineral  resources  are  listed,  brick,  chromite,  copper,  gold, 
marble,  mineral  water,  salt,  silver,  and  the  stone  industry. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows : 


Substance 

Amount 

Value 

Brick _      

300  M 
75  gals. 

$1,800  00 

Mineral  water _    .      ...         .  . 

42  00 

Stone  industry*  .    . 

600  00 

Total    

$2,442  00 

♦See  page  42. 


102 


MINERAL   INDUSTRY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 


Trinity. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Report  X, 
Area:  3,166  square  miles. 
Population:    3,301  (1910  census). 
Location:  Northwestern  portion  of  State. 

Trinity,  like  Siskiyou  County,  requires  transportation  facilities  to 
further  the  development  of  its  many  and  varied  mineral  resources.  De- 
posits of  asbestos,  barytes,  chromite,  copper,  gold,  platinum,  quicksilver, 
and  building  stone  are  known  here,  but  with  the  exception  of  gold,  very 
little  active  production  of  these  mineral  substances  is  possible. 

Commercial  output  for  1913  was  as  follows : 


Substance 

Amount 

Value 

Gold    .    -_      .    -      

$431,862  00 
161  00 

Quicksilver  .  _    .._  -..  _  _    

4  flasks 

Silver  

2,119  00 

Stone  industry*    . 

1,000  00 

Total    

$435,142  00 

*See  page  42. 
Tulare. 

Reference:  State  IMineralogist  Report  VIII. 
Area:  4,856  square  miles. 
Population:  35,440  (1910  census). 

Location:  Bounded  by  Inyo  on  the  east.  Kern  on  the  south,  Fresno 
on  the  north. 

Tulare  stands  forty-second  on  the  list  of  mineral  producing  counties. 
Her  mineral  resources,  among  others,  are  brick,  clay,  copper,  feldspar, 
graphite,  gems,  infusorial  earth,  magnesite,  marble,  natural  gas,  glass 
sand,  soapstone,  stone  industry,  zinc. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows : 


Substance 


Amount 


Value 


Brick  

Feldspar 

Gems  

Magnesite   

Marble  

Quartz  

Stone  industry* 

Total    


6,000  M 
1,429  tons 


7,858  tons 
392  cu.ft. 
80  tons 


$45,000  00 

5,050  00 

1,500  00 

62,864  00 

796  00 

200  00 

4,350  00 


$119,760  00 


*See  page   42. 


STATISTICS    OF    ANNUAL    PEODUCTION. 


103 


Tuolumne. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Report  VI. 

Area:  2,190  square  miles. 

Population:  9,979  (1910  census). 

Location:  East  central  portion  of  State — Mother  Lode  district. 

Tuohimne  ranks  nineteenth  among  the  counties  of  the  State  relative  to 
its  total  value  of  mineral  output.  As  a  producer  of  marble  its  standing 
is  first. 

Chromite,  clay,  copper,  gold,  limestone,  marble,  mineral  paint,  plat- 
inum, soapstone,  silver,  and  the  stone  industry  are  the  leading  mineral 
resources. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  was  as  follows : 


Substance 

Amount 

Value 

Copper  _  .  __ 

893  lbs. 

$138  00 

Gold    

974,409  00 

Lead    .      __      _____      __       __      

1,206  lbs. 
75,000  bbls. 
12,446  tons 
37,312  cu.ft. 

53  00 

Lime   __      _                 . 

85,000  00 

Limestone  _  _. _____    ._    

20,676  00 

Marble              _       _           .              __.    

93,726  00 

Silver   .  _    _    .                     

24,381  00 

Total    

$1,198,383  00 

Ventura. 

Reference:  State  Mineralogist  Report  VIII. 
Area:  1,878  square  miles. 
Population:  18,347  (1910  census). 

Location:  Southwe.stern   portion    of    State,   bordering   on    Pacific 
Ocean. 

Ventura  is  the  twenty-second  county  in  the  State  in  respect  to  the 
value  of  its  mineral  production  for  1913,  the  exact  figure  being  $924,972, 
as  compared  with  the  output  for  1912  worth  $595,399. 

The  best  grade  of  petroleum  produced  in  the  State  is  found  here. 

Among  its  other  mineral  resources  are  asphalt,  borax,  brick,  clay,  min- 
eral water,  natural  gas,  sandstone. 

Commercial  production  for  1913  Avas  as  follows: 


Substance 

Amount 

Value 

Brick 

1,023  M 
3.000  tons 
62,200  M 
899,007  bbls. 
300  cu.ft. 

$6,085  00 
2  990  00 

Clay 

Natural  gas  

6  220  00 

Petroleum  

Sandstone  

Other  minerals  .  _ 

907,997  00 

150  00 

1,530  00 

Total    

$924,972  00 

104  MINEEAL   INDUSTRY    OF    CALIFOENIA. 

Yolo. 

Area:  1,014  square  miles. 
Population:  13,926   (1910  census). 

Location:  Sacramento  Valley,  bounded  by  Sutter  on  the  east  and 
Colusa  on  the  north. 

No  commercial  production  of  mineral  substances.  One  of  the  two 
counties  in  California  which  did  not  report  a  mineral  production  dur- 
ing 1913. 

Deposits,  of  undetermined  value,  of  iron,  quicksilver  and  sandstone 
have  been  discovered  within  the  confines  of  this  county. 

Yuba. 

Area:  639  square  miles. 
Population:  10,042  (1910  census). 

Location:  Lies   west   of    Sierra    and   Nevada   counties;   .south   of 
Plumas. 

Yuba  is  eleventh  of  the  fiftj^-six  mineral  producing  counties  of  Cali- 
fornia and  is  fourth  in  regard  to  gold  output.  Quicksilver  and  iron  de- 
posits have  been  located  in  this  county  aside  from  the  following  cojn- 
mercial  production  as  reported  for  the  year  1913 : 

Substance  Value 

Gold   I        $2,491,505  00 

Silver I  7,571  00 

Stone  industry*  8,063  00 

Total  \       $2,507,139  00 

*See  page  42. 


STATISTICS   OF    ANNUAL   PRODUCTION.  105 

CHAPTER  VIII. 

MINING  LAWS. 


The   fundamental   Federal   and   State   statutes  governing  mining,    the   California  mine 
bell   signals  and  forms  of   location   notices  are   given   herewith. 

FEDERAL  STATUTES. 

Title  XXXII,   Chapter   6,    Revised  Statutes, 

Sec.  2319.  All  valuable  mineral  deposits  in  lands  belonging  to  the  United  States, 
both  surveyed  and  unsurveyed,  are  hereby  declared  to  be  free  and  open  to  exploration 
and  purchase,  and  the  lands  in  which  they  are  found  to  occupation  and  purchase,  by 
citizens  of  the  United  States  and  those  who  have  declared  their  intention  to  become 
such,  under  regulations  prescribed  by  law,  and  according  to  the  local  customs  or  rules 
of  miners  in  the  several  mining  districts,  so  far  as  the  same  are  applicable  and  not 
inconsistent  with  the  laws  of  the  United  States. 

Sec.  2320.  Mining  claims  upon  veins  or  lodes  of  quartz  or  other  rock  in  place 
bearing  gold,  silver,  cinnabar,  lead,  tin,  copper,  or  other  valuable  deposits,  heretofore 
located,  shall  be  governed  as  to  length  along  the  vein  or  lode  by  the  customs,  regula- 
tions, and  laws  in  force  at  the  date  of  their  location.  A  mining  claim  located  after 
the  tenth  day  of  May,  eighteen  hundred  and  seventy-two,  whether  located  by  one  or 
more  persons,  may  equal,  but  shall  not  exceed,  one  thousand  five  hundred  feet  in 
length  along  the  vein  or  lode  ;  but  no  location  of  a  mining  claim  shall  be  made  until 
the  discovery  of  the  vein  or  lode  within  the  limits  of  the  claim  located.  No  claim 
shall  extend  more  than  three  hundred  feet  on  each  side  of  the  middle  of  the  vein  at 
the  surface,  nor  shall  any  claim  be  limited  by  any  mining  regulation  to  less  than 
twenty-five  feet  on  each  side  of  the  middle  of  the  vein  at  the  surface,  except  where 
adverse  rights  existing  on  the  tenth  day  of  May,  eighteen  hundred  and  seventy-two, 
render  such  limitation  necessary.  The  end  lines  of  each  claim  shall  be  parallel  to 
each  other. 

Sec.  2321.  Proof  of  citizenship,  under  this  chapter,  may  consist  in  the  case  of  an 
individual,  of  his  own  affidavit  thereof ;  in  the  case  of  an  association  of  persons  un- 
incorporated, of  the  aflidavit  of  their  authorized  agent,  made  on  his  own  knowledge, 
or  upon  information  Tnd  belief ;  and  in  the  case  of  a  corporation  organized  under  the 
laws  of  the  Un'*^*-')  ."^jiites,  or  of  any  state  or  territory  thereof,  by  the  filing  of  a  cer- 
tified copy  o£  meir  charter  or  certificate  of  incorporation. 

This  is  supplemented  by  an  act  of  April  26,  1882,  which  provides : 

"That  applicants  for  mineral  patents,  if  residing  beyond  the  limits  of  the  district 
wherein  the  claim  is  situated,  may  make  any  oath  or  affidavit  required  for  proof  of 
citizenship  before  the  clerk  of  any  court  of  record,  or  before  any  notary  public  of  any 
state  or  territory."   (22  Stats,  at  Large,  p.  49,  chap.  106.) 

Sec.  2322.  The  locators  of  all  mining  locations  heretofore  made  or  which  shall 
hereafter  be  made,  on  any  mineral  vein,  lode,  or  ledge,  situated  on  the  public  domain, 
their  heirs  and  assigns,  where  no  adverse  claims  exist  on  the  tenth  day  of  May, 
eighteen  hundred  and  seventy-two,  so  long  as  they  comply  with  the  laws  of  the  United 
States,  and  with  state,  territorial  and  local  regulations  not  in  conflict  with  the  laws 
of  the  United  States  governing  their  possessory  title,  shall  have  the  exclusive  right 
of  possession  and  enjoyment  of  all  the  surface  included  within  the  lines  of  their  loca- 
tions, and  of  all  veins,  lodes  and  ledges  throughout  their  entire  depth,  the  top  or  apex 
of  which  lies  inside  of  such  surface  lines  extended  downward  vertically,  although 
such  veins,  lodes,  or  ledges  may  so  far  depart  from  a  perpendicular  in  their  course 
downward  as  to  extend  outside  the  vertical  side  lines  of  such  surface  locations.  But 
their  right  of  possession  to  such  outside  parts  of  such  veins  or  ledges  shall  bo  confined 


306  :\[IXERAL    INDUSTRY    OF    CALIFOEXIA. 

to  such  portions  thereof  as  lie  between  vertical  planes  drawn  downward  as  above 
described  through  the  end  lines  of  their  locations,  so  continued  in  their  own  direction 
that  such  planes  will  intersect  such  exterior  parts  of  such  veins  or  ledges.  And  noth- 
ing in  this  section  shall  authorize  the  locator  or  possessor  of  a  vein,  or  lode  which 
extends  in  its  downward  course  beyond  the  vertical  lines  of  his  claim,  to  enter  upon 
the  surface  of  a  claim  owned  or  possessed  by  another. 

Sec.  2323.  Where  a  tunnel  is  run  for  the  development  of  a  vein  or  lode,  or  for 
the  discovery  of  mines,  the  owners  of  such  tunnel  shall  have  the  right  of  possession 
of  all  veins  or  lodes  within  three  thousand  feet  from  the  face  of  such  tunnel  on  the 
line  thereof,  not  previously  known  to  exist,  discovered  in  such  tunnel,  to  the  same 
extent  as  if  discovered  from  the  surface  and  locations  on  the  line  of  such  tunnel  of 
veins  or  lodes  not  appearing  on  the  surface,  made  by  other  parties  after  the  commence- 
ment of  the  tunnel,  and  while  the  same  is  being  prosecuted  with  reasonable  diligence, 
shall  be  invalid,  but  failure  to  prosecute  the  work  on  the  tunnel  for  six  months  shall 
be  considered  as  an  abandonment  of  the  right  to  all  undiscovered  veins  on  the  line 
of  such  tunnel. 

Sec.  2324.  The  miners  of  each  mining  district  may  make  regulations  not  in  con- 
flict with  the  laws  of  the  United  States,  or  with  the  laws  of  the  state  or  territory  in 
which  the  district  is  situated,  governing  the  location,  manner  of  recording,  amount 
of  work  necessary  to  hold  possession  of  a  mining  claim,  subject  to  the  following  re- 
quirements :  The  location  must  be  distinctly  marked  on  the  ground  so  that  its 
boundaries  can  be  readily  traced.  All  records  of  mining  claims  hereafter  made  shall 
contain  the  name  or  names  of  the  locators,  the  date  of  the  location,  and  such  a  de- 
scription of  the  claim  or  claims  located  by  reference  to  some  natural  object  or  per- 
manent monument  as  will  identify  the  claim.  On  each  claim  located  after  the  tenth 
day  of  May,  eighteen  hundred  and  seventy-two,  and  until  a  patent  has  been  issued 
therefor,  not  less  than  one  hundred  dollars'  worth  of  labor  shall  be  perfomied  or  im- 
provements made  during  each  year. 

Be  it  enacted  iy  the  senate  and  house  of  representatives  of  the  United  States  of 
America  in  congress  assembled,  that  section  two  thousand,  three  hundred  and  twenty- 
four  of  the  Revised  Statutes  be,  and  the  same  is  hereby,  amended  so  that  where  a 
person  or  company  has  or  may  run  a  tunnel  for  the  purpose  of  developing  a  lode  or 
lodes,  owned  by  said  person  or  company,  the  money  so  expended  in  said  tunnel  shall 
be  taken  and  considered  as  expended  on  said  lode  or  lodes,  whether  located  prior  to  or 
since  the  passage  of  said  act ;  and  such  person  or  company  shall  not  be  required  to 
perform  work  on  the  surface  of  said  lode  or  lodes  in  order  to  hold  the  same  as  re- 
quired by  said  act.      (IS  Stats,  at  Large,  page  315,  chap.  41.) 

An  amendment  of  January  22,  1880,  reads  : 

"Provided,  that  the  period  within  which  the  work  required  to  be  done  annually 
on  all  unpatented  mineral  claims  shall  commence  on  the  first  day  of  January  succeed- 
ing the  date  of  location  of  such  claim,  and  this  section  shall  apply  to  all  claims 
located  since  the  tenth  day  of  May,  Anno  Domini  eighteen  hundred  and  seventy- 
two."      (21  Stats,  at  Large,  page  61,  chap.  9.) 

The  federal  law  fixes  the  minimum  of  labor  requirements.  State  and  local  laws 
may  require  additional  work  as  part  of  the  act  of  location.  This  has  been  sustained 
by  Supreme  Court  decisions. 

Section  2325  of  the  federal  statutes  provides  that  after  $500  has  been  expended 
on  a  mining  claim  in  work  or  improvements,  a  patent  can  be  applied  for  upon  the 
claim  in  work  or  improvements,  a  patent  can  be  applied  for  upon  the  claim  being 
surveyed  by  a  United  States  mineral  surveyor,  and  by  the  payment  of  .$5  per  acre 
for  the  land  to  the  United  States  government. 

Sec.  2329.  Claims  usually  called  "placers"  including  all  forms  of  deposit,  ex- 
cepting veins  of  quartz,  or  other  rock  in  place,  shall  be  subject  to  enti-y  and  patent, 
under  like  circumstances  and  conditions,  and  upon  similar  proceedings,  as  are  pro- 
vided for  vein  or  lode  claims ;  but  where  the  lands  have  been  previously  surveyed  by 
the  United  States,  the  entry  in  its  exterior  limits  shall  conform  to  the  legal  subdivi- 
sions of  public  lands. 

The  following  can  be  located  as  placer :  Stone,  oil,  salt  springs,  granite  quarries, 
marble. 


STATISTICS    OF   AXNUAL   PEODUCTION.  107 

(Act  of  August  4,    1892,   ch.   375,    27   Stat.   L.   348.) 

Entry  of   building   stone   lands   under   placer   laws. 

Section  1.  Any  person  authorized  to  enter  lands  under  the  mining  laws  of  the 
United  States  may  enter  lands  that  are  chiefly  valuable  for  building  stone  under  the 
provisions  of  the  law  in  relation  to  placer  mineral  claims ;  provided,  that  lands 
reserved  for  the  benefit  of  the  public  schools  or  donated  to  any  state  shall  not  be  sub- 
ject  to  entry   under   this  act.      (27   Stat.   L.   348.) 

(Act  of  January  31,  1901,  ch.   186,  31  Stat.  L.  745.) 
Entry  of  saline  lards  under  placer  laws. 

All  unoccupied  public  lands  of  the  United  States  containing  salt  springs,  or  deposits 
of  salt  in  any  form,  and  chiefly  valuable  therefor,  are  hereby  declared  to  be  subject 
to  location  and  purchase  under  the  provisions  of  the  law  relating  to  placer  mining 
claims ;  provided,  that  the  same  person  shall  not  locate  or  enter  more  than  one  claim 
hereunder.      (31  Stat.  L.  745.) 

Sec.  2330.  Legal  subdivisions  of  forty  acres  may  be  subdivided  into  ten-acre 
tracts,  and  two  or  more  persons,  or  associations  of  persons,  having  contiguous  claims 
of  any  size,  although  such  claims  may  be  less  than  ten  acres  each,  may  make  joint 
entry  thereof ;  but  no  location  of  a  placer  claim,  made  after  the  ninth  day  of  July, 
eighteen  hundred  and  seventy,  shall  exceed  one  hundred  and  sixty  acres  for  any  one 
person  or  association  of  persons,  which  location  shall  conform  to  the  United  States 
surveys ;  and  nothing  in  this  section  contained  shall  defeat  or  impair  any  bona  fide 
preemption  or  homestead  claim  upon  agricultural  lands,  or  authorize  the  sale  of  the 
improvements  of  any  bona  fide  settler  to  any  purchaser. 

Sec.  2331.  Where  placer  claims  are  upon  surveyed  lands,  and  conform  to  legal 
subdivisions,  no  further  survey  or  plat  shall  be  required,  and  all  placer  mining  claims 
located  after  the  tenth  day  of  May,  eighteen  hundred  and  seventy-two,  shall  conform 
as  near  as  practicable  with  the  United  States  system  of  public  lands  survej'S,  and  the 
rectangular  subdivisions  of  such  surveys,  and  no  such  location  shall  include  more 
than  twenty  acres  for  each  individual  claimant ;  but  where  placer  claims  can  not 
be  conformed  to  legal  subdivisions,  survey  and  plat  shall  be  made  as  on  unsurveyed 
lands  ;  and  where  by  the  segregation  of  mineral  land  in  any  legal  subdivision  a  quan- 
tity of  agricultural  land  less  than  forty  acres  remains,  such  fractional  portion  of 
agricultural  land  may  be  entered  by  any  party  qualified  by  law,  for  homestead  or 
preemption  purposes. 

Placer  boundaries. 

Sec.  2333.  Where  the  same  person,  association,  or  corporation  is  in  possession 
of  a  placer  claim,  and  also  a  vein  or  lode  included  within  the  boundaries  thereof, 
application  shall  be  made  for  a  patent  for  the  placer  claim,  with  the  statement  that 
it  includes  such  vein  or  lode,  and  in  such  case  a  patent  shall  issue  for  the  placer  claim, 
subject  to  the  provisions  of  this  chapter,  including  such  vein  or  lode  upon  the  pay- 
ment of  five  dollars  per  acre  for  such  vein  or  lode  claim,  and  twenty-five  feet  of  sur- 
face on  each  side  thereof.  The  remainder  of  the  placer  claim,  or  any  placer  claim 
not  embracing  any  vein  or  lode  claim,  shall  be  paid  for  at  the  rate  of  tw-o  dollars  and 
fifty  cents  per  acre,  together  with  all  costs  of  proceedings  ;  and  where  a  vein  or  lode, 
such  as  is  described  in  section  twenty-three  hundred  and  twenty,  is  known  to  exist 
within  the  boundaries  of  a  placer  claim,  an  application  for  a  patent  for  such  placer 
claim  which  does  not  include  an  application  for  the  vein  or  lode  claim  shall  be  con- 
strued as  a  conclusive  declaration  that  the  claimant  of  the  placer  claim  has  no  inght 
of  possession  of  the  vein  or  lode  claim  ;  but  where  the  existence  of  a  vein  or  lode 
in  a  placer  claim  is  not  known,  a  patent  for  the  placer  claim  shall  convey  all  valuable 
mineral  and  other  deposits  within  the  boundaries  thereof. 


108  MTXREAL    IXDUSTEY    OF    CALTFOKXIA. 

OIL  AND  GAS  CLAIMS. 

These  are  located  as  placer  claims.     See  sections  2329  to  2333,  U.  S.  statutes. 

An    act    authorizing    entry    of    petroleum    or    other    mineral    oil    lands    under    placer 

claim    laws. 

Any  person  authorized  to  enter  lands  under  the  mining  laws  of  the  United  States 

may  enter     and  obtain  patents  to  lands  containing  petroleum  or  other  mineral  oils, 

and   chiefly  valuable  therefor,   under  the  provisions  of  the  laws  relating  to  placer 

mineral  claims  ;  provided,  that  lands  containing  such  petroleum  or  other  mineral  oils 

which  have  heretofore  been  filed  upon,  claimed,  or  improved  as  mineral,  but  not  yet 

patented,  may  be  held  and  patented  under  the  provisions  of  this  act  the  same  as  if 

such  filing,  claim  or  improvement  were  subsequent  to  the  date  of  the  passage  hereof. 

(29  Stat.  L.  526.)      Approved  Feb.  11,  1S97. 

An  act  defining  what  shall  constitute  assessments  on  oil  mining  claims. 
(Act  of  February  12,  1903,  ch.  548,  32  Stat.  L.  825.) 
Where  oil  lands  are  located  under  the  provisions  of  title  thirty-two,  chapter  six. 
Revised  Statutes  of  the  United  States,  as  placer  mining  claims,  the  annual  assess- 
ment labor  upon  such  claims  may  be  done  upon  any  one  of  a  group  of  claims  lying 
contiguous  and  owned  by  the  same  person  or  corporation,  not  exceeding  five  claims  in 
all ;  provided,  that  said  labor  will  tend  to  the  development  or  to  determine  the  oil- 
bearing  character  of  such   contiguous  claims. 

THE  "PICKETT  BILL." 

An  act  to  authorize  the  President  of  the  United  States  to  make  withdrawals  of 
public  lands  in  certain  cases. 

This  provides  also : 

Sec.  2.  All  lands  withdrawn  under  the  provisions  of  this  act  shall  at  all  times 
be  open  to  exploration,  discovery,  occupation,  and  purchase,  under  the  mining  laws 
of  the  United  States,  so  far  as  the  same  apply  to  minerals  other  than  coal,  oil,  gas, 
and  phosphates. 

MINING  CLAIMS  IN  FOREST  RESERVES. 

The  congressional  act  of  June  4,  1897,  provides : 

"It  is  not  the  purpose  or  intent  of  these  provisions,  or  of  the  act  providing  for 
such  reservations,  to  authorize  the  inclusion  therein  of  lands  more  valuable  for  the 
mineral  therein,  or  for  agricultural  purposes,  than  for  forest  purposes." 

*  H:  4: 

"Nor  shall  anything  herein  prohibit  any  person  from  entering  upon  such  forest 
reservations  for  all  proper  and  lawful  purposes,  including  that  of  prospecting,  locat- 
ing and  developing  the  mineral  resources  thereof ;  provided,  that  such  persons  complj' 

with  the  rules  and  regulations  covering  such  forest  reservations." 

*       *       * 

"And  any  mineral  lands  in  any  forest  reservation  which  have  been  or  may  be 
shown  to  be  such  and  subject  to  entry  under  the  existing  mining  laws  of  the  United 
States  and  the  rules  and  regulations  applying  thereto,  shall  continue  to  be  subject  to 
such  location  and  entry  notwithstanding  any  provisions  herein  contained." 

Under  these  statutes  it  is  now  held  by  the  land  department  that  the  forest  reserves 
are  open  to  the  location  of  mining  claims.  There  can  be  no  doubt  of  the  meaning 
of  congress  upon  this  subject :  That  lands  within  the  forest  reserves  are  subject  to 
the  operation  of  the  mining  laws. 

CALIFORNIA  DEBRIS  COMMISSION. 

An   act   to   create   the   California    Debris   Commission    and    regulate    hydraulic    mining 

in  the  State  of  California. 

Be  it  enacted  hij  the  Senate  and  House  of  Representatives  of  the  United  States  of 
America  in  Congress  assembled.  That  a  commission  is  hereby  created,  to  be  known 
as  the  California  Debris  Commission,  consisting  of  three  members.     The  president  of 


STATISTICS    OF   ANNUAL   PRODUCTION.  109 


the  commission  from  officers  of  tlie  corps  of  engineers,  United  States  army.  Vacancies 
occurring  therein  shall  be  filled  in  like  manner.  It  shall  have  the  authority,  and 
exercise  the  powers  hereinafter  set  forth,  under  the  supervision  of  the  chief  of  engi- 
neers and  dii'ection  of  the  secretary  of  war. 

Sec.  2.  That  said  commission  shall  organize  within  thirty  days  after  its  appoint- 
ment by  the  selection  of  such  officers  as  may  be  required  in  the  performance  of  its 
duties,  the  same  to  be  selected  from  the  members  thereof.  The  members  of  said  com- 
mission shall  receive  no  greater  compensation  than  is  now  allowed  by  law  to  each, 
respectively,  as  an  officer  of  said  corps  of  engineers.  It  shall  also  adopt  rules  and 
regulations,  not  inconsistent  with  law,  to  govern  its  deliberations  and  prescribe  the 
method  of  procedure  under  the  provisions  of  this  act. 

Sec.  3.  That  the  jurisdiction  of  said  commission,  in  so  far  as  the  same  affects 
mining  carried  on  by  the  hydraulic  process  shall  extend  to  all  such  mining  in  the 
territory  drained  by  the  Sacramento  and  San  Joaquin  river  systems  in  the  State  of 
California.  Hydraulic  mining,  as  defined  in  section  eight  hereof,  directly  or  indirectly 
injuring  the  navigability  of  said  river  systems,  carried  on  in  said  territory  other  than 
as  permitted  under  the  provisions  of  this  act  is  hereby  prohibited  and  declared  un- 
lawful. 

Sec.  4.  That  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  said  commission  to  mature  and  adopt  such 
plan  or  plans,  from  examinations  and  surveys  already  made  and  from  such  additional 
examinations  and  surveys  as  it  may  deem  necessary,  as  will  improve  the  navigability 
of  all  the  rivers  comprising  said  systems,  deepen  their  channels,  and  protect  their 
banks.  Such  plan  or  plans  shall  be  matured  with  a  view  of  making  the  same  effective 
as  against  the  encroachment  of  and  damage  from  debris  resulting  from  mining  opera- 
tions, natural  erosion,  or  other  causes,  with  a  view  of  restoring,  as  near  as  practicable 
and  the  necessities  of  commerce  and  navigation  demand,  the  navigability  of  said 
rivers  to  the  condition  existing  in  eighteen  hundred  and  sixty,  and  permitting  mining 
by  the  hydraulic  process,  as  the  term  is  understood  in  said  state,  to  be  carried  on, 
provided  the  same  can  be  accomplished  without  injury  to  the  navigability  of  said 
rivers  or  the  lands  adjacent  thereto. 

Sec.  5.  That  it  shall  further  examine,  survey,  and  determine  the  utility  and 
practicability,  for  the  purposes  hereinafter  indicated,  of  storage  sites  in  the  tributaries 
of  said  rivers  and  in  the  respective  branches  of  said  tributaries,  or  in  the  plains, 
basins,  sloughs,  and  tule  and  swamp  lands  adjacent  to  or  along  the  course  of  said 
rivers,  for  the  storage  of  debris  or  water  or  as  settling  reservoirs,  with  the  object 
of  using  the  same  by  either  or  all  of  these  methods  to  aid  in  the  improvement  and 
protection  of  said  navigable  rivers  by  preventing  deposits  therein  of  debris  result- 
ing from  mining  operations,  natural  erosion,  or  other  causes,  or  for  affording  relief 
thereto  in  flood  time  and  providing  sufficient  water  to  maintain  scouring  force  therein 
in  the  summer  season  ;  and  in  connection  therewith  to  investigate  such  hydraulic  and 
other  mines  as  are  now  or  may  have  been  worked  by  methods  intended  to  restrain 
the  debris  and  material  moved  in  operating  such  mines  by  impounding  dams,  settling 
reservoirs,  or  otherwise,  and  in  general  to  make  such  study  of  and  researches  in  the 
hydraulic  mining  industry  as  science,  experience  and  engineering  skill  may  suggest 
as  practicable  and  useful  in  devising  a  method  or  methods  whereby  such  mining  may 
be  carried  on  as  aforesaid. 

Sec.  G.  That  the  said  commission  shall  from  time  to  time  note  the  conditions  of 
the  navigable  channels  of  said  river  systems,  by  cross-section  surveys  or  otherwise, 
in  order  to  ascertain  the  effect  therein  of  such  hydraulic  mining  operations  as  may 
be  permitted  by  its  orders  and  such  as  is  caused  by  erosion,  natural  or  otherwise. 

Sec.  7.  That  said  commission  shall  submit  to  the  chief  of  engineers  for  the  in- 
formation of  the  secretary  of  war,  on  or  before  the  fifteenth  day  of  November  of  each 
year  a  report  of  its  labors  and  transactions,  with  plans  for  the  construction,  com- 
pletion, and  preservation  of  the  public  works  outlined  in  this  act,  together  with 
estimates  of  the  cost  thereof,  stating  what  amounts  can  be  profitably  expended  thereon 
each  year.  The  secretary  of  war  shall  thereupon  submit  same  to  congress  on  or 
before  the  meeting  thereof. 


110  MINERAL   INDUSTRY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 

Sec.  8.  That  for  the  purpose  of  this  act  "hydraulic  mining"  and  "mining  by  the 
hydraulic  process,"  are  hereby  declared  to  have  the  meaning  and  application  given  to 
said  terms  in  said  state. 

Sec.  9.  That  the  individual  proprietor  or  proprietors,  or  in  case  of  a  corporation 
its  manager  or  agent  appointed  for  that  purpose,  owning  mining  ground  in  the  terri- 
tory in  the  State  of  California  mentioned  in  section  three  hereof,  which  it  is  desired 
to  work  by  the  hydraulic  process,  must  file  with  said  commission  a  verified  petition, 
setting  forth  such  facts  as  will  comply  with  law  and  the  rules  prescribed  by  said 
commission. 

Sec.  10.  That  said  petition  shall  be  accompanied  by  an  instrument  duly  executed 
and  acknowledged,  as  required  by  the  law  of  the  said  state,  whereby  the  owner  or 
owners  of  such  mine  or  mines  surrender  to  the  United  States  the  right  and  privilege 
to  regulate  by  law,  as  provided  in  this  act,  or  any  law  that  may  hereafter  be  enacted, 
or  by  such  rules  and  regulations  as  may  be  prescribed  by  virtue  thereof  the  manner 
and  method  in  which  the  debris  resulting  from  the  working  of  said  mine  or  mines 
shall  be  restrained,  and  what  amount  shall  be  produced  therefrom  ;  it  being  under- 
stood that  the  surrender  aforesaid  shall  not  be  construed  as  in  any  way  affecting  the 
right  of  such  owner  or  owners  to  operate  said  mine  or  mines  by  any  other  process 
or  method  now  in  use  in  said  state ;  provided,  that  they  shall  not  interfere  with  the 
navigability  of  the  aforesaid  rivers. 

Sec.  11.  That  the  owners  of  several  mining  claims  situated  so  as  to  require  a 
common  dumping  ground  or  dam  or  other  restraining  works  for  the  debris  issuing 
therefrom  in  one  or  more  sites  may  file  a  joint  petition  setting  forth  such  facts  in 
addition  to  the  requirements  of  section  nine  hereof;  and  where  the  owner  of  a 
hydraulic  mine  or  owners  of  several  such  mines  have  and  use  common  dumping  sites 
for  impounding  d<5bris  or  as  settling  reservoirs  which  sites  are  located  below  the 
mine  of  an  applicant  not  entitled  to  use  same,  such  fact  shall  also  be  stated  in  said 
petition.     Thereupon  the  same  proceedings  shall  be  had  as  provided  for  herein. 

Sec.  12.  A  notice  specifying  briefly  the  contents  of  said  petition  and  fixing  a 
time  previous  to  which  all  proofs  are  to  be  submitted  shall  be  published  by  said  com- 
mission in  some  newspaper  or  newspapers  of  general  circulation  in  the  communities 
interested  in  the  matter  set  forth  therein.  If  published  in  a  daily  paper  such  publi- 
cation shall  continue  for  at  least  ten  days ;  if  in  a  weekly  paper  in  at  least  three 
issues  of  the  same.  Pending  publication  thereof  said  commission,  or  a  committee 
thereof,  shall  examine  the  mine  and  premises  described  in  such  petition.  On  or  before 
the  time  so  fixed  all  parties  interested,  either  as  petitioners  or  contestants,  whether 
miners  or  agriculturists,  may  file  afiidavits,  plans,  and  maps  in  support  of  their 
respective  claims.  Further  hearings,  upon  notice  to  all  parties  of  record,  may  be 
granted  by  the  commission  when  necessary. 

Sec.  13.  That  in  case  a  majority  of  the  members  of  said  commission,  within 
thirty  days  after  the  time  so  fixed,  concur  in  a  decision  in  favor  of  the  petitioner  or 
petitioners,  the  said  commission  shall  thereupon  make  an  order  directing  the  methods 
and  specifying  in  detail  the  manner  in  which  operations  shall  proceed  in  such  mine 
or  mines ;  what  restraining  or  impounding  works,  if  facilities  therefor  can  be  found, 
shall  be  built,  and  maintained ;  how  and  of  what  material ;  where  to  be  located  ;  and 
in  general  set  forth  such  further  requirements  and  safeguards  as  will  protect  the 
public  interests  and  prevent  injury  to  the  said  navigable  rivers,  and  the  lands  adjacent 
thereto,  with  such  further  conditions  and  limitations  as  will  observe  all  the  pro- 
visions of  this  act  in  relation  to  the  working  thereof  and  the  payment  of  taxes  on 
the  gross  proceeds  of  the  same ;  provided,  that  all  expense  incurred  in  complying  with 
said  order  shall  be  borne  by  the  owner  or  owners  of  such  mine  or  mines. 

Sec.  14.  That  such  petitioner  or  petitioners  must  within  a  reasonable  time  pre- 
sent plans  and  specifications  of  all  works  required  to  be  built  in  pursuance  of  said 
order  for  examination,  correction,  and  approval  by  said  commission  ;  and  thereupon 
work  may  immediately  commence  thereon  under  the  supervision  of  said  commission 
or  representative  thereof  attached  thereto  from  said  corps  of  engineers,  who  shall 
inspect  same  from  time  to  time.  Upon  completion  thereof,  if  found  in  every  respect 
to  meet  the  requirements  of  the  said  order  and  said  approved  plans  and  specifications, 


STATISTICS    OF    AXNTAL    PROUrCTION'.  Ill 

permission  shall  thereupou  be  granted  to  the  ownei*  or  owners  of  such  mine  or  mines 
to  commence  mining  operations,  subject  to  the  conditions  of  said  order  and  the  pro- 
visions of  this  act. 

Sec.  15.  That  no  permission  granted  to  a  mine  owner  or  owners  under  this  act 
shall  take  effect,  so  far  as  regards  the  working  of  a  mine,  until  all  impounding  dams 
or  other  restraining  works,  if  any  are  iireserihcd  by  the  order  granting  such  per- 
mission, have  been  completed  and  until  the  impounding  dams  or  other  restraining 
works  or  settling  reservoirs  provided  by  said  commission  have  reached  such  a  stage  as 
in  the  opinion  of  said  commission,  it  is  safe  to  use  the  same;  provided,  hoircver.  that 
if  said  commission  shall  be  of  the  opinion  that  the  restraining  and  other  works  already 
constructed  at  the  mine  or  mines  shall  be  sufficient  to  protect  the  navigable  rivers 
of  said  systems  and  the  work  of  said  commission,  then  the  owner  or  owners  of  such 
mine  or  mines  may  be  permitted  to  commence  operations. 

Sec.  16.  That  in  case  the  joint  petition  referred  to  in  section  eleven  hereof  is 
granted,  the  commission  shall  fix  the  respective  amounts  to  be  paid  by  each  owner 
of  such  mines  toward  providing  and  building  necessary  impounding  dams  or  other 
restraining  works.  In  the  event  of  a  petition  being  filed  after  the  entry  of  such 
order,  or  in  case  the  impounding  dam  or  dams  or  other  restraining  works  have  already 
been  constructed  and  accepted  by  said  commission,  the  commission  shall  fix  such 
amount  as  may  be  reasonable  for  the  privilege  of  dumping  therein,  which  amount 
shall  be  divided  between  the  original  owners  of  such  impounding  dams  or  other 
restraining  works  in  proportion  to  the  amount  respectively  paid  by  each  party  own- 
ing same.  The  expense  of  maintaining  and  protecting  such  joint  dam  or  works  shall 
be  divided  among  mine  owners  using  the  same  iu  such  proportion  as  the  commission 
shall  determine.  In  all  cases  where  it  is  practicable,  restraining  and  impounding 
works  are  to  be  provided,  constructed  and  maintained  by  mine  owners  near  or  below 
the  mine  or  mines  before  reaching  the  main  tributaries  of  said  navigable  waters. 

Sec.  17.  That  at  no  time  shall  any  more  debris  be  permitted  to  be  washed  away 
from  any  hydraulic  mine  or  mines  situated  on  the  tributaries  of  said  rivers  and  the 
respective  branches  of  each,  worked  under  the  provisions  of  this  act,  than  can  be 
impounded  within  the  restraining  works  erected. 

Sec.  18.  That  the  said  commission  may  at  any  time  when  the  condition  of  the 
navigable  rivers  or  when  the  capacities  of  all  impounding  and  settling  facilities  erected 
by  mine  owners  or  such  as  may  be  provided  by  government  authority  require  same, 
modify  the  order  granting  the  privilege  to  mine  by  the  hydraulic  mining  process  so 
as  to  reduce  amount  thereof  to  meet  the  capacities  of  the  facilities  then  in  use,  or, 
if  actually  required  in  order  to  protect  the  navigable  rivers  from  damage,  may  revoke 
same  until  the  further  notice  of  the  commission. 

Sec.  19.  That  an  intentional  violation  on  the  part  of  a  mine  owner  or  owners, 
company,  or  corporation,  or  the  agents  or  the  employees  of  either,  of  the  conditions 
of  the  order  granted  pursuant  to  section  thirteen,  or  such  modifications  thereof  as 
may  have  been  made  by  said  commission,  shall  work  a  forfeiture  of  the  privileges 
thereby  conferred,  and  upon  notice  being  served  by  the  order  of  said  commission 
upon  such  owner  or  owners,  company  or  corporation,  or  agent  in  charge,  work  shall 
immediately  cease.  Said  commission  shall  take  necessary  steps  to  enforce  its  orders 
in  case  of  the  failure,  neglect,  or  refusal  of  such  owner  or  owners,  company  or  corpor- 
ation, or  agents  thereof,  to  comply  therewith,  or  in  the  event  of  any  person  or  per- 
sons, company  or  corporation  working  by  said  process  in  said  territory  contrarj-  to 
law. 

Sec.  20.  That  said  commission,  or  a  committee  therefrom  or  office  of  said  corps 
assigned  to  duty  under  its  orders,  shall,  whenever  deemed  necessary,  visit  said  terri- 
tory and  all  mines  operating  under  the  provisions  of  this  act.  A  report  of  such 
examination  shall  be  placed  on  file. 

Sec.  21.  That  the  said  commission  is  hereby  granted  the  right  to  use  any  of  the 
public  lands  of  the  United  States,  or  any  rock,  stone,  timber,  trees,  brush,  or  material 
thereon  or  therein,  for  any  of  the  purposes  of  this  act :  and  the  secretary  of  the 
interior  is  hereby  authorized  and  requested,  after  notice  has  been  filed  with  the  com- 
missioner of  the  general  land  office  by  said  commission,  setting  forth  what  public 
S— 12524 


]12  MINERAL   IXDUSTKY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 

lands  are  required  by  it  under  the  authority  of  this  section,  that  such  land  or  lands 
shall  be  withdrawn  from  sale  and  entry  under  the  laws  of  the  United  States. 

Sec.  22.  That  any  person  or  persons  who  wilfully  or  maliciously  injure,  damage, 
or  destroy,  or  attempt  to  injure,  damage  or  destroy,  any  dam  or  other  work  erected 
under  the  provisions  of  this  act  for  restraining,  impounding,  or  settling  purposes,  or 
for  use  in  connection  therewith,  shall  be  guilty  of  a  misdemeanor,  and  upon  con- 
viction thereof  shall  be  fined  not  to  exceed  the  sum  of  five  thousand  dollars  or 
be  imprisoned  not  to  exceed  five  years,  or  by  both  such  fine  and  imprisonment,  in 
the  discretion  of  the  court.  And  any  person  or  persons,  company  or  corporation,  their 
agents  or  employees,  who  shall  mine  by  the  hydraulic  process  directly  or  indirectly 
injuring  the  navigable  waters  of  the  United  States,  in  violation  of  the  provisions  of 
this  act,  shall  be  guilty  of  a  misdemeanor,  and  upon  conviction  thereof  shall  be 
punished  by  a  fine  not  exceeding  five  thousand  dollars,  or  by  imprisonment  not  exceed- 
ing one  year,  or  by  both  such  fine  and  imprisonment,  in  the  discretion  of  the  court ; 
provided,  that  this  section  shall  take  effect  on  the  first  day  of  May,  eighteen  hundred 
and  ninety-three. 

Sec.  23.  That  upon  the  construction  by  the  said  commission  of  dams  or  other 
works  for  the  detention  of  debris  from  hydraulic  mines  and  the  issuing  of  the  or(.lcr 
provided  for  by  this  act  to  any  individual,  company,  or  corporation  to  work  any 
mine  or  mines  by  hydraulic  process,  the  individual,  company,  or  corporation  oper- 
ating thereunder  woi'king  any  mine  or  mines  by  hydraulic  process,  the  debris  from 
which  flows  into  or  is  in  whole  or  in  part  restrained  by  such  dams  or  other  works 
erected  by  said  commission,  shall  pay  a  tax  of  thi'ee  per  centum  on  the  gro.ss  proceeds 
of  his,  their,  or  its  mine  so  worked ;  which  tax  of  three  per  centum  shall  be  ascer- 
tained and  paid  in  accordance  with  regulations  to  be  adopted  by  the  secretary  of 
the  treasury,  and  the  treasurer  of  the  United  States  is  hereby  authorized  to  receive 
the  same.  All  sums  of  money  paid  into  the  treasury  under  this  section  shall  be 
set  apart  and  credited  to  a  fund  to  be  known  as  the  "Debris  Fund,"  and  shall  be 
expended  by  said  commission  under  the  supervision  of  tiie  chief  of  engineers  and 
direction  of  the  secretary  of  war.  in  addition  to  the  appropriations  made  by  law 
in  the  construction  and  maintenance  of  such  restraining  works  and  settling  reservoirs 
as  may  be  proper  and  necessary  ;  provided,  that  said  commission  is  hereby  authorized 
to  receive  and  pay  into  the  ti-easury  from  the  owner  or  owners  of  mines  worked 
by  the  hydi'aulic  process,  to  whom  permission  may  have  been  granted  so  to  work 
under  the  provisions  thereof,  such  money  advances  as  may  be  offered  to  aid  in  the 
construction  of  such  impounding  dams  or  other  restraining  works,  or  settling  reser- 
voirs, or  sites  therefor,  as  may  be  deemed  necessary  by  said  commission  to  protect 
the  navigable  channels  of  said  river  systems,  on  condition  that  all  moneys  so  advanced 
shall  be  refunded  as  the  said  tax  is  paid  into  the  said  debris  fund ;  and  provided, 
further,  that  in  no  event  shall  the  government  of  the  United  States  be  held  liable 
to  refund  same  except  as  directed  by  this  section. 

Sec.  24.  That  for  the  purpose  of  securing  harmony  of  action  and  economy  of 
expenditures  in  the  work  to  be  done  by  the  United  States  and  the  State  of  California, 
respectively,  the  former  in  its  plans  for  the  improvement  and  protection  of  the 
navigable  streams  and  to  prevent  the  depositing  of  mining  debris  or  other  materials 
within  the  same,  and  the  latter  in  its  plans  authorized  by  law  for  the  reclamation, 
drainage,  and  protection  of  its  lands,  or  relating  to  the  working  of  hydraulic  mines, 
the  said  commission  is  empowered  to  consult  thereon  with  a  commission  of  engineers 
of  said  state,  if  authorized  by  said  state  for  said  pui'pose,  the  result  of  such  confer- 
ence to  be  reported  to  the  chief  of  engineers  of  the  United  States  army,  and  if  by  ^ 
him  approved  shall  be  followed  by  said  commission. 

Sec.  25.  That  said  commission,  in  order  that  such  material  as  is  now  or  maj 
hereafter  be  lodged  in  the  tributaries  of  the  Sacramento  and  San  Joaquin  rivei 
systems  resulting  from  mining  operations,  natural  erosion,  or  other  causes,  shall  bd 
prevented  from  injuring  the  said  navigable  rivers  or  such  of  the  tributaries  of  eithei 
as  may  be  navigable  and  the  land  adjacent  thereto,  is  hereby  directed  and  empowere*ll 
when  appropriations  are  made  therefor  by  law,  or  sufficient  money  is  deposited  fo| 


STATISTICS    OF    ANNUAL    TRODUCTION.  113 

that  purpose  in  said  debris  fund,  to  build  at  such  points  above  the  head  of  navigation 
in  said  rivers  and  on  tlie  main  tributaries  thereof,  or  branches  of  such  tributaries, 
or  at  any  place  adjacent  to  the  same,  which  in  the  judgment  of  said  commission 
will  effect  said  object  (the  same  to  be  of  such  material  as  will  insure  safety  and 
permanency),  such  restraining  or  impounding  dams  and  settling  reservoirs,  with 
such  canals,  locks,  or  other  works  adapted  and  required  to  complete  same.  The 
recommendations  contained  in  executive  document  numbered  two  hundred  and  sixty- 
seven,  fifty-first  congress,  second  session,  and  executive  document  numbered  ninety- 
eight,  forty-seventh  congress,  first  session,  as  far  as  they  refer  to  impounding  dams, 
or  other  restraining  works  are  hereby  adopted,  and  the  same  are  directed  to  be  made 
the  basis  of  operations.  The  sum  of  fifteen  thousand  dollars  is  hereby  appropriated, 
from  moneys  in  the  treasury  not  otherwise  appropriated,  to  be  immediately  available 
to  defray  the  expenses  of  said  commission. 
Aijproved   March   1,   1S93. 

INSTRUCTIONS  TO  OWNERS  AND  OPERATORS  OF  HYDRAULIC 

MINES   IN  CALIFORNIA. 

.January  1.  1906. 

1.  The  California  Debris  Commission  is  composed  of  three  officers  of  the  corps 
of  engineers.  United  States  army,  who  are  appointed  by  the  president  of  the  United 
States,  with  the  advice  and  consent  of  the  Senate,  under  the  authority  of  the  act 
of  congress,  approved  ^Inrch  1,  ISO.S.  The  commission  is  charged  by  this  act  with 
the  enforcement  of  its  provisions,  including  such  regulation  and  control  of  hydraulic 
mining  in  the  drainage  areas  of  the  Sacramento  and  San  .Toaquin  rivers  of  the  State 
of  California  as  is  necessary  to  cause  the  tailings  from  such  mining  to  be  so 
impounded  in  the  vicinity  of  the  mine  as  to  prevent  injury  to  the  navigable  rivers 
and  adjacent  lands.  The  owners  and  operators  of  such  mines  are  required  by  this 
law  to  comply  strictly  with  such  requirements  of  the  commission  as  may  be  deemed 
necessary  to  effect  this  purpose.  An  extreme  penalty  of  $5,000  fine  and  one  year's 
imprisonment  is  provided  for  violation  of  the  act. 

2.  Hydraulic  mining  embraces  all  mining  operations  where  water  is  used  under 
pressure  through  a  nozzle  against  any  bank  of  earth,  gravel,  or  other  similar  material, 
thus  eroding  the  bank.  It  is  forbidden  by  law  except  under  the  supervision  of  the 
commission. 

3.  The  law  requires  that  in  all  cases  a  license  or  written  permission  must  be 
obtained  from  the  commission  before  hydraulic  mining  in  the  regions  mentioned  can 
be  legally  carried  on. 

4.  Licenses  or  permission  to  mine  by  the  hydraulic  process  are  revocable  by  the 
commission,  and  will  not  be  given  unless  the  I'equirements  of  the  commission  are 
complied  with  as  to  sufficiency  of  suitable  restraining  barriers  or  dams.  Licenses, 
when  granted,  will  be  suspended  or  revoked  for  failure  to  properly  maintain  such 
barriers  or  dams  or  for  failure  to  make  the  reports  and  furnish  information  asked 
for  by  the  commission. 

5.  Licenses  are  obtained  by  making  application  to  the  California  Debris  Com- 
mission. San  Francisco.  Cal..  on  the  special  blank  form  issued  by  the  commission, 
copies  of  which  will  be  sent  on  request,  free  of  cost. 

6.  Licenses  are  not  transferable  and  are  valid  only  for  the  operations  of  the 
individual  or  company,  and  for  the  special  mine  named  in  the  license. 

7.  By  the  terms  of  the  law  an  application  for  a  license  must  be  advertised  by 
the  commission  in  the  newspapers  to  allow  any  protests  to  be  filed  with  the  com- 
mission.    This   advertising  usually   takes   about   three  weeks. 

S.  As  soon  as  practicable  after  advertising  an  application,  the  sites  proposed  by 
the  applicants  for  the  restraining  works  are  visited,  and  if  found  satisfactoi'y, 
authority  to  construct  the  dams  or  barriers  is  given  with  the  commission's  specifi- 
cations and  instructions  for  the  work.  Any  dam  built  before  such  authorization 
is  built  wholly  at  the  builder's  risk,  and  may  not  be  accepted  by  the  commission. 
Any  variation  in  location  or  character  of  work  from  that  specified  by  the  commission 
may  also  cause  rejection  of  the  dam. 


114  MIN^ERAL   TXDUSTRY    OF    CALIFOEXIA. 

9.  When  such  authorized  dams  are  completed,  th?  commission  should  he  promptly 
notified  so  that  an  inspection  may  be  made  as  soon  as  practicable  thereafter.  If 
found  satisfactory,  a  revocable  license  to  mine  will  be  issued.  Until  the  license  is 
issued  it  is  illegal  to  mine. 

10.  When  mining  has  been  begun  under  a  license,  a  report  every  mouth  must  be 
submitted  on  one  of  the  blank  forms  furnished  for  this  purpose  liy  the  commission 
upon  request.  If  no  mining  is  carried  on  for  any  month,  the  small  form  is  to  be 
used,  othervpise,  the  large  form  must  be  forwarded.  All  blank  spaces  should  be 
carefully   and   accurately    filled. 

11.  In  case  of  any  accident  to  a  i-estraiuing  dam  affecting  its  efficiency,  raining 
must  immediately  cease  and  the  commission  must  be  promptly  notified. 

12.  When  a  dam  becomes  full  of  debris,  raining  must  cease  until  more  impounding 
capacity  is  provided  either  by  raising  the  dam  or  by  the  construction  of  new  dams. 
The  permission  of  the  commission  must  be  obtained  to  raise  dams,  and  the  work 
when  completed  must  be  inspected  and  approved  by  the  commission  before  mining 
may   be   resumed. 

13.  Dams  must  be  kept  water  tight  and  a  pool  at  least  three  feet  deep  must  be 
maintained  as  a  settling  basin  above  each  dam  while  mining  is  in  progress.  Leaks 
must  be  promptly  checked. 

14.  Names  of  mines  must  not  be  changed  without  due  notice  to  the  commission. 

15.  No  charges  or  fees  of  any  kind  are  required  or  allowed,  all  expenses  of 
inspection  being  borne  by  the  United  States. 

16.  The  mine  owners  are  usually  expected  to  meet  the  inspector  at  the  nearest 
railway  or  stage  station  and  take  him  to  the  mine  and  back.  As  many  regions  where 
mines  are  located  are  inaccessible  in  winter  time,  applications  for  licenses  and  inspec- 
tions should  be  submitted  as  early  in  the  season  as  practicable.  Delay  in  attending 
to  this  promptly  may  occasion  the  loss  of  considerable  time  if  not  an  entire  season. 

17.  To  avoid  delay  due  to  loss  of  lettei"s  it  is  suggested  that  requests  be  repeated 
within  a  reasonable  time,  if  not  promptly  acknowledged  or  acted  upon.  All  com- 
numications  should  be  addressed  to  the  secretary,  California  Debris  Commission,  San 
Francisco,  Cal. 

By  direction  of  the  California  Debris  Commission. 

L.  H.  RAND. 
Major.  Corps  of  Engineers.   Secretary. 


STATISTICS    OF    ANNUAL    PRODUCTION.  115 


CALIFORNIA  STATUTES. 

An  act  to  repeal  Title  XI  of  Part  IV  of  Division  First  of  the  Civil  Code  and  each 
and  every  section  of  said  title,  and  to  substitute  a  new  Title  XI  to  take  the 
place  thereof  in  said  code,  relating  to  mining  corporations. 

[Approved    March    21,    1905.] 

The   prople   of   the    State    of    California,    represented   in   senate   and   assemhh/,    do 

enact  as  follows: 

Section  1.  Title  XI  and  Part  IV  of  Division  First  of  the  Civil  Code  and  each 
and  every  section  of  said  title  are  hereby  repealed,  and  a  new  Title  XI  is  substi- 
tuted in  place  thereof  in  said  code,  to  read  as  follows: 

TITLE  XI. 

MINING    CORPORATIONS. 
.Sec.    586.     Transfer   agencies. 

5S7.      Stock   issued   at   transfer   agencies. 
5S7«.   Consolidation    of    mining    corporations. 

588.  Books   and   balance    sheets   to   be   kept   by   secretary.     Stockholders'    right 

to  inspect. 

589.  Right  of  stockholders  to  visit  mine  with  expert. 

590.  Liability   of   presidents   and    directors. 

§  586.  Any  corporation  organized  in  this  state  for  the  purpose  of  mining  or 
carrying  on  mining  operations  in  or  without  this  state,  may  establish  and  mainiain 
agencies  in  other  states  of  the  United  States,  for  the  transfer  and  issuing  of  their 
stock  ;  and  a  transfer  or  issue  of  the  same  at  any  such  transfer  agency,  in  accordance 
•  v.'ith  the  provisions  of  its  by-laws,  is  valid  and  binding  as  fully  and  effectually  for 
all  purposes  as  if  made  upon  the  books  of  such  corporation  at  its  principal  office 
within  this  state.  The  agencies  must  be  governed  by  the  by-laws  and  the  directors 
of  the  corjjoration. 

§  587.  All  stock  of  any  such  corporation,  issued  at  a  transfer  agency,  must  be 
signed  by  the  president  and  secretary  of  the  corporation,  and  countersigned  at  the 
time  of  its  issue  by  the  agent  having  charge  of  the  transfer  agency.  No  stock  must 
be  issued  at  a  transfer  agency  unless  the  certificate  of  stock,  in  lieu  of  which  the 
same  is  issued,  is  at  the  time  surrendered  for  cancellation. 

§  5S7f/.  It  is  lawful  for  two  or  more  corporations  formed,  or  that  may  hereafter 
be  formed,  under  the  laws  of  this  state,  for  mining  purposes,  which  own  or  possess 
mining  claims  or  lands  ad.ioining  each  other,  or  lying  in  the  same  vicinity,  to  con- 
solidate their  capital  stock,  debts,  property,  assets  and  franchises,  in  such  manner 
and  upon  such  terms  as  may  be  agreed  upon  by  the  respective  boards  of  directors 
or  trustees  of  such  corporations  so  desiring  to  consolidate  their  interests ;  but  no 
such  consolidation  must  take  place  without  the  written  consent  of  the  stockholders 
representing  two  thirds  of  the  capital  stock  of  each  corporation,  and  no  such  consoli- 
dation can.  in  any  way.  relieve  such  corporations,  or  the  stockholders  thereof,  from 
any  and  all  just  liabilities :  and  in  case  of  such  consolidation,  due  notice  of  the  same 
must  be  given,  by  advertising,  for  one  month,  in  at  least  one  newspaper  in  the 
county  where  the  said  mining  property  is  situated,  if  there  is  one  published  therein, 
and  also  in  one  newspaper  published  in  the  county  where  the  principal  place  of 
business  of  any  of  said  corporation  is.  And  when  the  consolidation  is  completed, 
a  certificate  thereof,  containing  the  manner  and  terms  of  such  consolidation,  must 
be  filed  in  the  office  of  the  county  clerk  of  the  county  in  which  the  original  certificate 
of  incorporation  of  each  of  said  corporations  is  filed,  and  a  copy  thereof  must  be 
filed  in  the  office  of  the  secretary  of  state ;  such  certificate  must  be  signed  by  a 
ma.iority  of  each  board  of  trustees  or  directors  of  the  original  corporations,  and 
it  is  their  duty  to  call,  within  thirty  days  after  the  filing  of  such  certificate,  a 
nieeting  of  the  stockholders  of  all  of  said  corporations  so  consolidated,  to  elect  a 
board  of  trustees  or  directors  for  the  consolidated  corporation,  for  the  year  Ihence 
next  ensuing ;  and  to  cause  notice  of  the  time  and  place  fixed  for  such  meeting  to  be 


116  MINERAL   INDUSTRY    OF    CALIFOENIA. 

mailed  to  each  stockholder  of  each  of  such  corporations  at  his  last  known  piace 
of  residence  or  business  at  least  ten  days  before  the  time  fixed  for  such  meeting. 
The  said  certificate  must  also  contain  all  the  requirements  prescribed  by  section  two 
hundred  and  ninety. 

§  588.  It  is  the  duty  of  the  secretary  of  every  corporation  formed  for  the  purpose 
of  mining,  or  conducting  mining  in  California,  whether  such  corporation  be  formed 
and  organized  under  the  laws  of  the  State  of  California  or  of  any  other  state, 
teiritory,  or  foreign  country,  to  keep  at  some  place  within  the  State  of  California 
an  office  and  in  such  office  to  keep  a  complete  set  of  books  showing  all  receipts  and 
expenditures  of  such  corporation,  the  sources  of  such  receipts,  and  the  objects  of 
such  expenditures,  and  also  all  transfers  of  stock.  All  books  and  papers  must,  at 
all  times  during  business  hours,  be  open  to  the  inspection  of  any  stockholder.  He 
is  entitled  to  be  accompanied  by  an  expert,  and  to  make  copies  or  extracts  from 
any  such  books  or  papers.  He  may,  at  reasonable  hours,  examine  such  mining 
property,  accompanied  by  an  expert,  take  samples,  and  make  such  other  examination 
as  he  may  deem  necessary.  It  is  the  duty  of  the  directors,  on  the  second  Monday 
of  each  and  every  month,  to  cause  to  be  made  an  itemized  account  or  balance  sheet 
for  the  previous  month,  embracing  a  full  and  complete  statement  of  all  disliurse- 
ments  and  receipts,  showing  from  what  sources  such  receipts  were  dei'ived,  and  to 
whom  and  for  what  object  or  purpose  such  disbursements  or  payments  were  made ; 
also  all  indebtedness  or  liabilities  incurred  or  existing  at  the  time,  and  for  what 
the  same  were  incurred,  and  the  balance  of  money,  if  any,  on  hand.  Such  account 
or  balance  sheet  must  be  verified  under  oath  by  the  president  and  secretary,  and 
posted  in  some  conspicuous  place  in  the  office  of  the  company.  It  is  the  duty  of 
the  superintendent,  on  the  first  Monday  of  each  month,  to  file  with  the  secretary 
an  itemized  account,  verified  under  oath,  showing  all  receipts  and  disbursements 
made  by  him  for  the  previous  month,  and  for  what  said  disbursements  were  made. 
Such  account  must  also  contain  a  verified  statement  showing  the  number  of  men 
employed  under  him,  and  for  what  purpose,  and  the  rate  of  wages  paid  to  each. 
He  must  attach  to  such  account  a  full  and  complete  report,  under  oath,  of  the 
work  done  in  said  mine,  the  amount  of  oi'e  extracted,  from  what  part  of  mine  taken, 
the  amount  sent  to  mill  for  reduction,  its  assay  value,  the  amount  of  bullion  received, 
the  amount  of  bullion  sliipped  to  the  office  of  the  company  or  elsewhere,  and  the 
amount,  if  any,  retained  by  the  superintendent.  It  is  his  duty  to  forward  to  the 
office  of  the  compmy  a  full  report,  under  oath,  of  all  discoveries  of  ores  or  mineral- 
bearing  quartz  made  in  said  mine,  whether  by  boring,  diifting.  sinking,  or  otherwise, 
together  with  the  assay  value  thereof.  All  accounts,  reports,  and  correspondence 
from  the  sui>erintendent  must  be  kept  in  some  conspicuous  place  in  the  office  of , 
said  company,   open   to  the  inspection   of  all   stockholders. 

§  589.     Any  stockholder  of  a  corporation  formed  under  the  laws  of  this  state  for^ 
the  purpose  of  mining,  is  entitled  to  visit,  accompanied  by  his  expert,  and  examine  ^ 
the  mine  or  mines  owned  by  such  corporation,  and  every  part  thereof,  at  any  time 
he  may  see  fit :   and  when  such  stockholder  applies  to  the  president  of  such  corpo- 
ration, he  must  immediately  cause  the  secretary  thereof  to  issue  and  deliver  to  such 
applicant  an  order,  under  the  seal  of  the  corporation,  directed  to  the  superintendent,] 
commanding  him  to  show  and  exhibit  such  parts  of  said  mine  or  mines  as  the  partj 
named  in  said  order  may  desire  to  visit  and  examine.     It  is  the  duty  of  the  super-^ 
intendent.    on    receiving   such   order,    to   furnish   such    stockholder  every    facility    for 
making  a  full  and  complete  inspection  of  said  mine  or  mines,  and  of  the  workings 
therein,   and  to   accompany   said  stockholder   either  in   person,   or   to   furnish   some 
person    familiar    with   said   mine   or   mines   to   accompany    him    in   his   visit    to    anc 
through  such  mine  or  mines,  and  every  part  thereof.     If  the  superintendent  fails  to! 
obey  such  order,  such  stockholder  is  entitled  to  recover,  in  any  court  of  competent 
jurisdiction,  against  the  corporation,  the  sum  of  one  thousand  dollars,  and  traveling 
expenses  to  and  from  the  mine,  as  liquidated  damages,  together  with  costs  of  suit. 
In  case  of  such  refusal,  it  is  the  duty  of  the  directors  of  the  corporation  forthwith 
to  remove  the  officer  so  refusing,   and  thereafter  he  must  not  be  employed  directly 
or  Indirectly  by  the  corporation,  nor  must  any  salary  be  paid  to  him. 


STATISTICS    OF   ANNUAL   PRODUCTION.  117 

§  590.  In  case  of  the  refusal  or  negrlect  of  the  president  to  cause  to  he  issued 
by  the  secretary  the  order  mentioned  in  section  five  hundred  and  eighty-nine,  sncli 
stockholder  is  entitled  to  recover  against  said  president  the  sum  of  one  thousand 
dollai's  and  costs,  as  provided  in  the  last  section.  If  the  directors  fail  to  have  the 
reports  and  accounts  current  made  and  posted  as  provided  in  section  five  hundred 
and  eighty-eight,  they  are  liable,  either  severally  or  jointly,  to  an  action  by  any 
stockholder  complaining  thereof,  and  on  proof  of  such  refusal  or  failure,  he  may 
recover  judgment  for  actual  damages  sustained  by  him,  with  costs  of  suit.  Each 
of  such  defaulting  directors  is  also  liable  to  removal  for  such  neglect. 

CORPORATION  LICENSE  TAX  LAW. 

As  approved  March  20,  1905;  amended,  approved  June  13,  1906;  amended,  approved 
March  19,  1907;  amended,  approved  March  20,  1907;  amended,  approved  March 
19,  1909;  amended,  approved  April  24,  1911;  amended,  approved  May  30,  1913. 

Section  1.  No  corporation  heretofore  or  hereafter  incorporated  under  the  laws 
of  this  state,  or  of  any  other  state,  shall  do  or  attempt  to  do  business  by  virtue  of 
its  charter  or  certificate  of  incorporation,  in  this  state,  without  a  state  license  there- 
for.    Amended,  approved  June  13,  1906. 

Sec.  2.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  every  corporation  incorporated  under  the  laws 
of  this  state,  and  of  every  foreign  corporation  now  doing  business,  or  which  shall 
hereafter  engage  in  business  in  this  state,  to  procure  annually  from  the  secretary 
of  state  a  license  authorizing  the  transaction  of  such  business  in  this  state,  and 
shall  pay  therefor  a  license  tax  as  follows : 

When  the  authorized  capital  stock  of  the  corporation  does  not  exceed  ten  thousand 
dollars  ($10,000)  the  tax  shall  be  ten  dollars  ($10.00)  ;  when  the  authorized  capital 
stock  exceeds  ten  thousand  dollars  ($10,000)  but  does  not  exceed  twenty  thousand 
dollars  ($20,000)  the  tax  shall  be  fifteen  dollars  ($1.5.00)  ;  when  the  authorized 
capital  stock  exceeds  twenty  thousand  dollars  ($20,000)  but  does  not  exceed  fifty 
thousand  dollars  ($50,000)  the  tax  shall  be  twenty  dollars  ($20.00)  ;  when  the 
authorized  capital  stock  exceeds  fifty  thousand  dollars  ($50,000)  but  does  not  exceed 
one  hundred  thousand  dollars  ($100,000)  the  tax  shall  be  twenty-five  dollars 
($25.00)  :  when  the  authorized  capital  stock  exceeds  one  hundred  thousand  dollars 
($100,000)  but  does  not  exceed  two  hundred  and  fifty  thousand  dollars  ($250,000) 
the  tax  shall  be  fifty  dollars  ($50.00)  ;  when  the  authorized  capital  stock  exceeds 
two  hundred  and  fifty  thousand  dollars  ($250,000)  but  does  not  exceed  five  hundred 
thousand  dollars  ($500,000)  the  tax  shall  be  seventy-five  dollars  ($75.00)  ;  when 
the  authorized  capital  stock  exceeds  five  hundred  thousand  dollars  ($.500,000)  but 
does  not  exceed  two  million  dollars  ($2,000,000)  the  tax  shall  be  one  hundred 
dollars  ($100.00)  ;  when  the  authorized  capital  stock  exceeds  two  million  dollars 
'($2,000,000)  but  does  not  exceed  five  million  dollars  (.$5,000,000)  the  tax  shall 
be  two  hundred  dollars  ($200.00)  ;  when  the  authorized  capital  stock  exceeds  five 
million  dollars  ($5,000,000)  the  tax  shall  be  two  hundred  and  fifty  dollars  ($2.50.00). 

Said  license  tax  or  fee  shall  be  due  and  payable  on  the  first  day  of  July  of  each 
and  every  year  to  the  secretax'y  of  state,  who  shall  pay  the  same  into  the  state 
treasury.  If  not  paid  on  or  before  the  hour  of  four  o'clock  p.  m.  of  the  first  day  of 
September  next  thereafter,  the  same  shall  become  delinquent  and  there  shall  be 
added  thereto,  as  a  penalty  for  such  delinquency,  the  sum  of  ten  dollars. 

The  license  tax  or  fee  hereby  provided  authorizes  the  corporation  to  transact  its 
business  during  the  year  or  for  any  fractional  part  of  such  year  in  which  such 
license  tax  or  fee  is  paid.  "Year."  within  the  meaning  of  this  act,  means  from  and 
including  the  first  day  of  .July  to  and  including  the  thirtieth  day  of  June  next 
thereafter.     Amended,  approved  March  19,  1907. 

Sec.  2a.  At  the  time  of  filing  a  certified  copy  of  articles  of  i)icorporation  of 
any  corporation  when  filed  on  or  between  the  first  day  of  July  and  the  thirtieth 
day  of  September,  in  any  year,  there  shall  be  paid,  in  addition  to  all  other  fees 
required  by  law  to  be  paid  to  the  secretary  of  state,  the  full  amount  of  the  license 
tax  provided  to  be  paid  in  section  two  of  this  act ;  when  filed  on  or  between  the 
first  day  of  October  and  the  thirty-first  day  of  December,  in  any  year,  a  sum  equal 


118  MINERAL   INDUSTRY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 

to  three  fourths  of  the  license  tax  provided  for  in  section  two  of  this  act  shall  be 
paid  ;  when  filed  on  or  between  the  first  day  of  January  and  the  thirty-first  day 
of  March,  in  any  year,  a  sum  equal  to  one  half  of  such  license  tax  provided  for  in 
section  two  of  this  act  shall  be  paid,  and  when  filed  on  or  between  the  first  day  of 
April  and  the  thirtieth  day  of  June,  in  any  year,  a  sum  equal  to  one  fourth  of  such 
license  tax  provided  for  in  section  two  of  this  act  shall  be  paid.  Upon  receipt  of 
such  full  or  fractional  license  tax  the  secretary  of  state  shall  issue  a  license  receipt 
for  the  full  or  for  the  fractional  part  of  the  then  current  fiscal  year.  Amended, 
approved  March  19.  1909   (in  effect  July  1,  1909). 

Sec.  3.  The  secretary  of  state  shall,  on  or  before  the  fifteenth  day  of  September 
ii\  each  year,  report  to  the  governor  of  the  state  a  list  of  all  corporations  which 
have  become  delinquent,  as  provided  in  section  two  of  this  act,  and  the  governor 
shall  forthwith  issue  his  proclamation,  declaring  under  this  act  that  the  charters  of 
such  delinquent  domestic  coiTDorations  will  be  forfeited  and  the  right  of  such  foreign 
corporations  to  do  business  in  this  state  will  be  forfeited  unless  payment  of  said 
license  tax,  together  with  the  penalty  for  such  delinquency,  as  hereinbefore  provided, 
be  made  to  the  secretary  of  state  on  or  before  the  hour  of  four  o'clock  p.  m.  of 
the  thirtieth  day  of  November  next  following.     Amended,  approved  June  13,  1906. 

Sec.  4.  Said  proclamation  shall  be  filed  immediately  in  the  office  of  the  secretai-j' 
of  state,  and  said  secretary  of  state  shall  immediately  cause  a  copy  of  said  procla- 
mation to  be  published  in  one  issue  of  each  of  two  daily  newspapers  to  be  selected 
by  the  governoi".     Amended,  approved  June  13.  1906. 

Sec.  5.  At  the  hour  of  four  o'clock  p.  m.  of  the  thirtieth  day  of  November  each 
year  the  charters  of  all  delinquent  domestic  corporations  which  have  failed  to 
pay  the  said  license  tax,  together  with  said  penalty  for  such  delinquency,  shall  be 
forfeited  to  the  State  of  California,  and  the  right  of  all  delinquent  foreign  corpora- 
tions to  do  business  in  this  state,  which  hnve  failed  to  pay  said  license  tax,  together 
with  the  penalty  for  such  delinquency,  shall  be  likewise  forfeited.  Amended, 
approved  June  13,  1906. 

Sec.  6.  Any  corporation  which  failed  to  pay  the  license  tax  and  penalty  required 
by  the  act,  or  any  amendment  thereof,  and  of  which  this  is  amendatory,  may  pay 
all  the  said  license  taxes  and  penalties  prescribed  by  section  one  of  said  act  and 
the  amendments  thereto,  and  the  license  taxes  and  penalties  that  would  have 
ticcrued  if  such  corporation  had  not  forfeited  its  charter  or  right  to  do  business 
and  any  such  corporation  making  such  payment  shall  be  relieved  from  the  forfeiture 
prescribed  by  the  act  of  which  this  act  is  amendatory,  and  all  persons  exercising 
the  powers  of  any  such  corporation  making  such  payment  shall  be  relieved  fi'om 
the  provisions  of  section  nine  of  said  act  of  which  this  act  is  amendatory,  and  the 
secretary  of  state  shall  immediately  after  the  first  day  of  December  in  each  year, 
transmit  to  the  county  clerk  of  each  county  in  this  state  a  list  of  the  corporations 
so  paying  pursuant  to  the  provisions  of  this  section,  which  list  shall  be  by  said 
county  clerk  filed  in  his  office ;  provided,  the  rehabilitation  of  a  corporation  under 
the  provisions  of  this  act  shall  be  without  prejudice  to  any  action,  defense  or  right 
which  accrued  by  reason  of  the  original  forfeiture;  and  provided,  that  in  case  the 
name  of  any  corporation  which  has  suffered  the  forfeiture  prescribed  by  the  act  of 
which  this  act  is  amendatory,  or  a  name  so  closely  resembling  the  name  of  such 
corporation  as  will  tend  to  deceive,  has  been  adopted  by  any  other  corporation 
since  the  date  of  said  forfeiture  then  said  corporation  having  suffered  said  forfeiture 
shall  be  relieved  therefrom  pursuant  to  the  terms  of  this  section  of  this  act  only 
upon  the  adoption  by  said  corporation  seeking  revivor  of  a  new^  name,  and  in  such 
case  nothing  in  this  act  contained  shall  be  construed  as  permitting  such  corporation 
to  be  revived  or  carry  on  any  business  under  its  former  name ;  and  such  corporation 
shall  have  the  right  to  use  its  former  name  or  take  such  new  name  only  upon 
filing  an  application  therefor  with  the  secretary  of  state  and  upon  the  issuing  of 
a  certification  to  such  corporation  by  the  secretary  of  state  setting  forth  the  right 
of  such  corporation  to  take  such  new  name  or  use  its  former  name  as  the  case  may 
be ;  provided,  lioioever,  that  the  secretary  of  state  shall  not  issue  any  certificate 
permitting  any  corporation  to  take  or  use  the  name  of  any  corporation  heretofore 
organized  in  this  state  and  which  has  not  suffered  the  forfeiture  prescribed  by  the 


STATISTICS    OF    ANNUAL    PRODUCTION.  119 

act  of  which  this  act  is  amendatory,  oi*  to  make  or  use  a  name  so  closely  resembling 
rhe  name  of  such  corporation  heretofore  organized  in  this  state  as  will  tend  to 
deceive.  The  provisions  of  title  IX,  part  III  of  the  Code  of  Civil  Procedure  in 
so  far  as  they  conflict  with  this  section  of  this  act  are  not  applicable  to  corporations 
seeking  revivor  under  this  act.     Amended,  approved  May  30,  1913. 

Sec.  7.  All  educational,  religious,  scientific  and  charitable  corporations,  and  all 
corporations  which  are  not  organized  for  pecuniary  profit,  are  exempt  from  the 
provisions  of  this  act.     Amended,   approved  June  13,  1906. 

Sec.  S.  On  or  before  the  thirty-first  day  of  December  of  each  year  the  secretary 
of  state  shall  make  a  list  of  all  domestic  corporations  whose  charters  have  been  so 
forfeited  and  of  all  foreign  corporations  whose  right  to  do  business  in  this  state 
has  been  so  forfeited,  and  shall  transmit  a  certified  copy  thereof  to  each  county 
clerk  in  this  state,  who  shall  file  the  same  in  his  office.  Amended,  approved  June 
IS,  1906. 

Sec.  9.  It  shall  be  unlawful  for  any  corporation,  delinquent  under  this  act. 
either  domestic  or  foreign,  which  has  not  paid  the  license  tax  or  fee,  together  with 
the  penalty  for  such  delinquency,  as  in  this  act  prescribed,  to  exercise  the  powers 
of  such  corporation,  or  to  transact  any  business  in  this  state,  after  the  thirtieth 
day  of  November  next  following  the  delinquency.  Each  and  every  person  who 
exercises  any  of  the  powers  of  a  corporation  so  delinquent,  whether  domestic  or 
foreign,  which  has  not  paid  the  license  tax.  together  with  the  penalty  for  such 
delinquency,  or  who  transacts  any  business  for  or  in  behalf  of  such  corporation, 
after  the  thirtieth  day  of  November  next  following  the  delinquency,  shall  be  guilty 
of  a  misdemeanor,  and  upon  conviction  thereof  shall  be  punished  by  a  fine  of  not 
less  than  one  hundred  dollars,  and  not  exceeding  one  thousand  dollars,  or  by  impris- 
onment in  the  county  jail  not  less  than  fifty  days  nor  more  than  five  hundred  days, 
or  by  both  such  fine  and  imprisonment.     Amended,  approved  June  13.  1906. 

Sec.  lOfl.  In  all  cases  of  forfeiture  under  the  provisions  of  this  act.,  the  directors 
or  managers  in  office  of  the  affairs  of  any  domestic  corporation,  whose  charter  may 
be  so  forfeited,  or  of  any  foreign  corporation  \\hose  right  to  do  business  in  this  state 
may  be  so  forfeited,  are  deemed  to  he  trustees  of  the  corporation  and  stockholders 
or  members  of  the  corporation  whose  power  or  right  to  do  business  is  forfeited  and 
have  full  power  to  settle  the  affairs  of  the  corporation  and  to  maintain  or  defend 
any  action  or  proceeding  then  pending  in  behalf  of  or  against  any  of  said  corpora- 
tions, or  to  take  such  legal  proceedings  as  may  be  necessary  to  fully  settle  the 
affairs  of  said  corporation,  and  such  directors  or  managers,  as  such  trustees,  may 
be  sued  in  any  of  the  courts  of  this  state  by  any  person  having  a  claim  against  any 
of  said  corporations  ;  provided,  ahvoys,  that  no  action  pending  against  any  corpora- 
tion shall  abate  thereby,  but  may  be  prosecuted  to  final  judgment  the  same  may 
be  enforced  by  execution  with  the  same  force  and  effect  and  in  like  manner  as 
though  no  forfeiture  had  occurred;  and  provided,  further,  that  where  judgment  has 
been  entered  against  any  corporation  prior  to  forfeiture  under  this  act,  that  not- 
withstanding execution  may  be  issued  thereon  and  the  property  of  said  corporation, 
or  which  may  come  into  the  hands  of  any  trustees  for  it  may  be  levied  upon,  seized 
and  sold  to  satisfy  the  same  with  like  force  and  effect  as  though  such  forfeiture  has 
not  occurred.     Amended,  approved  March  20,  1907. 

Chaptek  336. 

Ar\  act  to  repeal  an  act  entitled  "An  act  relating  to  revenue  and  taxation,  providing 
for  a  license  tax  upon  corporations  and  making  an  appropriation  for  the  purpose 
of  carrying  out  the  objects  of  this  act,"  approved  March  20,  1905,  and  all  acts 
amendatory  thereof  or  supplemental  thereto,  and  to  provide  upon  what  conditions 
any  corporation  which  has  failed  to  pay  any  license  tax  imposed  by  the  provisions 
of  any  of  the  acts  hereby  repealed  may  pay  the  same  and  be  restored  to  Its 
former  corporate  status  and  rights,  and  also  to  provide  for  settling  the  affairs  of 
any  corporation  which  by  reason  of  failure  to  pay  any  tax  imposed  by  any  of 
said  acts,  has  forfeited  either  its  charter  or  right  to  do  business  in  this  state. 

(Approved   June   10,    1913.     In   effect   June   30,    1914.) 
The  People  of  the  State  of  California  do  enact  as  follotvs: 

Section  1.  An  act  entitled  "An  act  relating  to  revenue  and  taxation,  providing 
for  a  license  tax  upon  corporations  and  making  an  appropriation  for  the  purpose 


120  MINEEAL   IXDUSTRY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 

of  carrying  out  the  objects  of  this  act,"  approved  March  20,  1905,  and  also  all  acts 
amendatorj'  thereof  or  supplemental  thereto,  are  hereby  repealed  ;  provided,  howet^er, 
that  this  act  shall  not  be  construed  to  affect  the  status  of  any  corporation  which 
has  before  the  taking  effect  of  this  act,  by  reason  of  failure  to  pay  any  tax  in 
accordance  with  the  terms  of  any  of  the  acts  hereby  repealed,  forfeited  either  its 
charter  or  right  to  do  business  in  this  state.  Nor  shall  this  act  be  construed  to 
relieve  any  corporation  or  person  from  any  penalty  or  penal  provision  of  any  of 
the  acts  hei*eby  repealed  except  as  herein  provided. 

Sec.  2.  Any  corporation  which  has  failed  to  pay  the  license  tax  required  by  the 
provisions  of  any  of  the  acts  hereby  i*epealed,  may  pay  to  the  secretary  of  state  all 
taxes  and  penalties  prescribed  by  either  of  said  acts  and  the  license  tax  and  penalties 
that  would  have  accrued  if  such  corporation  had  not  forfeited  its  charter  or  right 
to  do  business  in  this  state,  and  any  such  corporation  making  such  payments  shall 
thereupon  be  relieved  from  the  forfeiture  prescribed  in  any  of  the  acts  hereby 
repealed  and  restored  to  its  former  corporate  rights  and  status  and  the  secretary 
of  state  shall  annually  in  the  month  of  December  transmit  to  the  county  clerk  of 
each  county  a  list  of  the  corporations  so  paying,  which  list  shall  be  by  said  county 
clerk  filed  in  his  office ;  provided,  the  rehabilitation  of  any  such  corporation  by  reason 
of  making  such  payments  shall  be  without  prejudice  to  any  action,  defense,  or 
right  which  accrued  by  reason  of  the  original  forfeiture. 

Sec.  3.  The  powers  conferred  by  the  provisions  of  section  10a  of  the  act  hereby 
repealed  (as  amended  March  20,  1907)  upon  the  directors  or  managers  of  any 
such  corporation  in  office  at  the  time  of  any  such  forfeiture  are  hereby  continued 
in  force  and  said  trustees  or  managers  shall  notwithstanding  the  taking  effect  of 
this  act  have  full  power  as  trustees  to  settle  the  affairs  of  any  such  corporation 
and  to  maintain  or  defend  any  action  or  proceeding  then  pending  in  behalf  of  or 
against  any  such  corporation  or  to  take  such  legal  proceedings  as  may  be  necessary 
to  fully  settle  its  affairs  and  such  directors  or  managers  as  such  trustees  may  be 
sued  in  any  of  the  courts  of  this  state  by  any  person  having  a  claim  against  any 
such  corporation  ;  provided,  alwat/s.  that  no  action  ponding  against  any  such  corpora- 
tion shall  abate  thereby  but  may  be  brought  to  final  judgment  and  may  be  enforced 
by  execution  and  to  the  same  force  and  effect  and  in  like  manner  as  though  no 
forfeiture  has  occurred;  and  provided,  further,  that  where  judgment  has  been  entex'ed 
against  any  corporation  prior  to  forfeiture  under  the  provisions  of  any  of  the  acts 
hereby  repealed  notwithstanding  such  forfeiture  execution  may  be  issued  on  any 
such  judgment,  and  the  property  of  such  corporation  or  which  may  come  into  the 
hands  of  any  trustees  for  it,  may  be  levied  upon,  seized  and  sold  to  satisfy  such 
judgment  with  like  force  and  effect  as  though  such  forfeitui'e  had  not  occurred. 

Sec.  4.  This  act  shall  take  effect  and  bo  in  force  June  30,  1914,  at  twelve 
o  clock   m. 

PROTECTION  OF  STOCKHOLDERS. 

An  act  to  amend  an  act  entitled  "An  act  to  protect  stockholders  and  persons  dealing 
with  corporations  in  this  state,"  approved  March  29,  1878,  and  all  acts  amendatory 
thereof,    and   to   repeal    all    laws   in    conflict   therewith. 

[Approved    March    22,    190.5.] 

The    people    of    the    (itate    of    California,    represented   in   senate    and    assemhhj,    do 

enact  as  follows: 
Section  1.  Any  superintendent,  director,  secretary,  manager,  agent,  or  other 
officer,  of  any  corporation  formed  or  existing  under  the  laws  of  this  state,  or  trans- 
acting business  in  the  same,  and  any  person  pretending  or  holding  himself  out  as 
such  superintendent,  director,  secretary,  manager,  agent,  or  other  officer,  who  shall 
wilfully  subscribe,  sign,  endorse,  verify,  or  otherwise  assent  to  the  publication,  either 
genei-ally  or  privately,  to  the  stockholders  or  other  persons  dealing  with  such  corpora- 
tion, or  its  stock,  any  untrue  or  wilfully  and  fraudulently  exaggerated  report. 
prospectus,  account,  statement  of  opei-ations,  values,  business,  pi'ofits,  expenditures 
or  prospects,   or  other   paper   or  document   intended   to   produce   or  give,   or  having 


i 


STATISTICS    OF    ANNUAL   PRODUCTION.  121 

a  tendencj'  to  produce  or  give,  to  the  shares  of  stock  in  such  corporation  a  gi-eator 
value  or  less  apparent  or  mai'ket  value  than  they  really  possess,  or  with  th'j:  intention 
of  defrauding  any  particular  person  or  persons,  or  the  public,  or  persons  generally, 
shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a  felony,  and  on  conviction  thereof  shall  be  punished  by 
imprisonment  in  state  prison  or  a  county  jail  not  exceeding  two  years,  or  by  line 
not  exceeding  five  thousand  dollars,  or  by  both. 

Sec.  2.     All  acts  and  parts  of  acts  in  conflict  with  this  act  are  hereby  repealed. 

CIVIL     CODE. 

§  309.  The  directors  of  corporations  must  not  make  dividends,  except  from  the 
surplus  profits  arising  from  the  business  thereof;  nor  must  they  create  any  debts 
beyond  their  subscribed  capital  stock  ;  nor  must  they  divide,  withdraw  or  pay  to 
the  stockholders,  or  any  of  them,  any  part  of  the  capital  stock,  except  as  hereinafter 
provided,  nor  reduce  or  increase  the  capital  stock,  except  as  herein  specially  provided. 
For  a  violation  of  the  provisions  of  this  section,  the  directors  under  whose  adminis- 
tration the  same  may  have  happened  (except  those  who  may  have  caused  their 
dissent  therefrom  to  be  entered  at  large  on  the  minutes  of  the  directors  at  the 
time,  or  were  not  present  when  the  same  did  happen)  are,  in  their  individual  or 
private  capacity,  jointly  and  severally  liable  to  the  coiTDoration,  and  to  the  creditors 
thereof,  to  the  full  amount  of  the  capital  stock  so  divided,  withdrawn,  paid  out.  or 
reduced,  or  debt  contracted ;  and  no  statute  of  limitation  is  a  bar  to  any  suit  against 
such  directors  for  any  sums  for  which  they  are  liable  by  this  section ;  provided, 
however,  that  where  a  corporation  has  been  heretofore  or  may  hereafter  be  formed 
for  the  purpose,  among  other  things,  of  acquiring,  holding,  and  selling  real  estate, 
water,  and  water  rights,  the  directors  of  such  corporation  may,  with  the  consent  of 
stockholders  representing  two  thirds  of  the  capital  stock  thereof,  given  at  a  meeting 
called  for  that  purpose,  divide  among  the  stockholders  the  land,  water  or  water 
rights  so  by  such  corporation  held,  in  the  proportions  to  which  their  holdings  of 
such  stock  at  the  time  of  such  division  entitled  them.  All  conveyances  made  by 
(he  corporation  in  pursuance  of  this  section  must  be  made  and  received  subject 
to  the  debts  of  such  corporation  existing  at  the  date  of  the  conveyance  thereof. 
Nothing  herein  prohibits  a  division  and  distribution  of  the  capital  stock  of  any 
corporation  which  remains  after  the  payment  of  all  its  debts,  upon  its  dissolution, 
or  the  expiration  of  its  term  of  existence. 

PENAL     CODE. 

§  5G0.  Every  director  of  any  stock  corporation  who  concurs  in  any  vote  or  act 
of  the  directors  of  such  corporation  or  any  of  them,  by  which  it  is  intended,  either — 

1.  To  make  any  dividend,  except  from  the  surplus  profits  arising  from  the 
business  of  the  corporation,  and  in  the  cases  and  manner  allowed  by  law  ;  or, 

2.  To  provide,  withdraw,  or  in  any  manner,  except  as  provided  by  law.  pay  to 
the  stockholders,  or  any  of  them,  any  part  of  the  capital  stock  of  the  corporation  ;  or, 

3.  To  discount  or  receive  any  note  or  other  evidence  of  debt  in  payment  of  any 
installment  actually  called  in  and  required  to  be  paid,  or  with  the  intent  to  provide 
the  means  of  making  such  payment ;  or, 

4.  To  receive  or  discount  any  note  or  other  evidence  of  debt,  with  the  intent  to 
enable  any  stockholder  to  withdraw  any  part  of  the  money  paid  in  by  him.  or  his 
stock  :   or, 

.5.  To  receive  from  any  other  stock  corporation,  in  exchange  for  the  shares,  notes, 
bonds,  or  other  evidences  of  debt  of  their  own  corporation,  shares  of  the  capital 
stock  of  such  other  corporation,  or  notes,  bonds,  or  other  evidence  of  debt  issued  by 
such  other  corporation  ; — is  guilty   of   a   misdemeanor. 


122  MINERAL    IXDUSTRY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 

TO  PREVENT  WASTING  OF  NATURAL  GAS. 

An  act  prohibiting  the  unnecessary  wasting  of  natural  gas  Into  the  atmosphere;  pro- 
viding for  the  capping  or  otherwise  closing  of  wells  from  which  natural  gas  flows; 
and    providing   penalties  for   violating   the   provisions   of  this   act. 

[Approved    March    25,     1911.] 

The   people   of   the   f^tate    of    California,    represented    in   senate    and   assembly,    do 

enaet  as  follows: 

Section  1.  All  persons,  firms,  coi-porations  and  associations  are  hereby  prohibited 
from  wilfully  permitting  any  natural  gns  wastefully  to  escape  into  the  atmosphere. 

Sec.  2.  All  persons,  firms,  coi'porations  or  associations  digging,  drilling,  exca- 
vating, constructing  or  owning  or  controlling  any  well  from  which  natural  gas 
flows  shall  upon  the  abandonment  of  such  well,  cap  or  otherwise  close  the  mouth 
of  or  entrance  to  the  same  in  such  a  manner  as  to  prevent  the  unnecessary  or 
wasteful  escape  into  the  atmosphere  of  such  natural  gas.  And  no  person,  firm, 
corporation  or  association  owning  or  controlling  land  in  which  such  well  or  wells 
are  situated  shall  wilfully  permit  natural  gas  flowing  from  such  well  or  wells, 
wastefully  or  unnecessarily  to  escape  into  the  atmosphere. 

Sec.  3.  Any  person,  firm,  con^oration  or  association  who  shall  wilfully  violate 
any  of  the  provisions  of  this  act  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a  misdemeanor,  and  upon 
conviction  thereof  shall  be  punished  by  a  fine  of  not  more  than  one  thousand  dollars 
or  by  impi'isonment  in  the  county  jail  for  not  more  than  one  year,  or  by  both  such 
fine   and   imprisonment. 

Sec.  4.  For  the  purposes  of  this  act  each  day  during  which  natural  gas  shall 
be  wilfully  allowed  wastefully  or  unnecessarily  to  escape  into  the  atmosphere  shall 
be  deemed  a  separate  and  distinct  violation  of  this  act. 

Sec.  5.     All  acts  or  parts  of  acts  in  conflict  herewith  are  hereby  repealed. 

Sec.  0.     This  act  shall  take  effect  immediately 

PROTECTION  OF  OIL  AND  GAS  STRATA. 

An  act  to  prevent  injury  to  oil,  gas  or  petroleum- bearing  strata  or  formations   by  the 
penetration   or    infiltration   of   water  therein. 

[Approved  March  20,  1909.] 

The    people    of    the    !>Haie    of    California,    represented    in    senale    and    asscmhlij.    do 

enact  as  foUoios: 

Section  1.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  owner  of  any  well  now  drilled  or  that 
may  be  drilled  in  the  State  of  California  on  lands  producing  or  containing  oil,  gas 
or  petroleum,  to  properly  case  such  well  or  wells,  with  metal  casing  in  accordance 
with  most  approved  methods,  and  to  effectually  shut  off  all  water  overlying  or  under- 
lying the  oil-bearing  strata  and  to  effectually  prevent  any  water  from  penetrating 
such  oil-bearing  strata. 

Sec.  2.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  owner  of  any  well  referred  to  in  section  one 
of  this  act,  before  abandoning  the  same  to  withdraw  the  casing  therefrom,  and  to 
s(>curely  fill  such  well  with  clay,  earth  or  cement  mortar,  or  other  good  and  sufficient 
materials,  used  alone  or  in  suitable  combination,  and  thoroughly  pack  and  tamp  the 
same  into  such  well  to  a  point  as  far  above  the  upper  oil-bearing  strata  r.s  the  com- 
missioner hereinafter  provided  for  may  decide  shall  be  necessary,  and  while  with- 
drawing the  casing  therefrom  to  effectually  and  permanently  shut  off  and  exclude 
all  water  underlying  and  overlying  said  oil-bearing  strata,  and  to  the  satisfaction 
of  the  commissioner,  whether   any   oil-bearing  strata   has   been   encountered   or  not. 

Sec.  3.  It  shall  be  the  duty  of  the  owner  of  any  well  referred  to  in  section  one 
of  this  act,  to  keep  a  careful  and  accurate  log  of  the  drilling  of  such  well,  such  log 
to  show  the  character  and  depth  of  the  formations  passed  through  or  encountered 
in  the  drilling  of  such  well,  and  particularly  to  show  the  location  and  depth  of  the 
water-bearing  strata,  together  with  the  character  of  the  water  encountered  from 
time  to  time,  and  to  show  at  what  point  such  water  was  shut  off,  if  at  all.  and  if 
not   to   so   state   in   such   log.   and   show    the   depth   at   which   oil-bearing   strata   is 


I 


( 


STATISTICS    OF    AXXUAL    PRODUCTION'.  123 

encountered,  the  depth  and  character  of  the  same,  and  whether  all  water  overlyinsr 
and  underlying  such  oil-bearing  strata  was  successfully  and  permanently  shut  off 
so  as  to  prevent  the  percolation  or  penetration  into  such  oil-bearing  strata  ;  said 
record  of  well  to  be  kept  on  file  and  subject  to  the  inspection  of  hereinafter  men- 
tioned commissioner  at  any  time  during  business  hours. 

Sec.  4.  The  term  "owner"  as  herein  used  shall  mean  and  include  each  and  every 
person,  persons,  partnership,  copartnership,  association  or  corporation  owning, 
leasing,  managing,  operating,  drilling  or  possessing  any  well  mentioned  in  sections 
one  and  two  of  this  act,  either  as  principal  or  principals,  lessee  or  lessees  of  such 
principal  or  principals,  contractor  or  contractors,  and  their  and  each  of  their  em- 
ployees. The  term  "oil-bearing  strata"  as  herein  used  shall  mean  and  include  any 
bed,  seam  or  stratum  of  rock  or  sand  or  other  material  which  contains,  includes,  or 
yields  earth  oil,  rock  oil,  or  petroleum  oil  or  natural  gas  or  either  of  them. 

In  order  to  carry  out  the  provision  of  sections  one  and  two  of  this  act.  upon 
petition  of  three  or  more  operating  oil  companies,  within  the  county,  it  shall  be 
the  duty  of  the  board  of  supervisors  of  said  county  to  appoint  a  commissioner  who 
shall  be  a  practical  oil  man.  whose  term  of  office  shall  be  until  December  31st  of 
the  year  following  time  of  appointment  or  until  his  successor  is  appointerl. 

The  duties  of  said  commissioner  shall  be  to  see  that  the  provisions  of  this  act  shall 
bf   enforced. 

The  compensation  of  said  commissioner  shall  be  fixed  by  the  board  of  supervisors 
and  shall  be  paid  out  of  the  general  county   fund. 

Upon  the  filing  of  a  complaint  with  said  commissioner  alleging  the  violation  of 
any  of  the  provisions  of  sections  one  or  two  of  this  act.  it  shall  be  the  duty  of 
the  hereinbefore  mentioned  commissioner  of  the  county,  if  so  requested  by  the  com- 
plainants, to  make  or  cause  to  be  made,  a  thorough  investigation  of  the  well  in 
(juestion,  to  determine  whether  or  not  any  of  the  provisions  of  this  act  have  been 
xlolated  and  for  such  purpose  he  is  hereby  empowered  to  appoint  all  necessary 
agents  and  assistants  to  conduct  such  examination  and  such  agents  and  assistants 
may  enter  upon  the  premises  where  such  well  is  situated  and  may  take  charge  of 
such  well  for  the  purpose  of  making  such  investigations.  If  the  defendant  in  the 
action  shall  be  convicted  of  a  violation  of  any  of  the  provisions  of  sections  one  or 
two  of  this  act,  he  shall,  in  addition  to  the  penalties  hereafter  set  forth,  pay  all 
reasonable  and  proper  costs  incident  to  the  making  of  such  investigations. 

Any  well  drilled  and  abandoned,  in  violation  of  sections  one  or  two  of  this  act,  is 
hereby  declared  a  public  nuisance. 

If  any  well,  under  the  provisions  of  sections  one  or  two  of  this  act  be  declared 
a  public  nuisance,  it  shall  be  the  duty  of  commissioner  of  the  county  in  which  such 
well  is  situated  to  enter  upon  the  premises,  take  possession  of  such  well  and  to  abate 
said  nuisance  and  to  take  all  necessary  steps  to  prevent  the  percolation  or  penetration 
of  water  into  the  oil-bearing  strata.  He  shall  keep  an  accurate  account  of  the  ex- 
pense of  such  work  and  all  expenses  so  incurred  shall  be  a  charge  against  the  owner 
of  such  well  and  a  lien  upon  the  same. 

Any  person  violating  the  provisions  of  this  act  shall  be  guilty  of  a  misdemeanor. 

Any  owner  of  any  well  referred  to  in  sections  one  or  two  of  this  act,  who  refuses 
to  permit  the  commissioner  to  inspect  the  same  or  who  wilfully  hinders  or  delays  the 
commissioner  in  the  performance  of  his  duty  is  guilty  of  a  misdemeanor. 

An  "act"'  to  prevent  injury  to  oil,  or  petroleum-bearing  strata,  or  fonuations  by 
infliltration  or  intrusion  of  water  therein,  approved  March  24,  1903,  is  hereby 
repealed. 

USE  OF  CALIFORNIA  MATERIALS  IN  CALIFORNIA  PUBLIC 

BUILDINGS. 

Section    3247   of   the    Political    Code. 

"Any  person,  committee,  board,  officer,  or  any  other  pei-son  charged  with  the  pur- 
chase, or  permitted  or  authorized  to  purchase,  supplies,  goods,  wares,  merchandise, 
manufactures,  or  produce,  for  the  use  of  the  state,  or  any  of  its  institutions  or  offices. 
or  for  the  use  of  any  county  or  consolidated  city  and  county,  or  city,  or  town,  shall 


124  MIXEEAL   INDUSTRY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 

always,  price,  fitness  and  quality  being  equal,  prefer  such  supplies,  floods,  wares, 
merchandise,  manufactures,  or  produce  as  has  been  grown,  manufactured  or  pro- 
duced in  this  state,  and  shall  next  prefer  such  as  have  been  partially  so  manufac- 
tured, grown  or  produced  in  this  state.  All  state,  county,  city  and  county,  city  or 
town  officers,  all  boards,  commissions,  or  other  persons  charged  with  advertising  for 
any  such  supplies,  shall  state  in  their  advertisement  that  such  preferences  will  be 
made.  In  any  such  advertisement  no  bid  shall  be  asked  for  any  article  of  a  specific 
brand  or  mark  nor  any  patent  apparatus  or  appliances,  when  such  requirement  would 
prevent  proper  competition  on  the  part  of  dealers  in  other  articles  of  equal  value, 
utility  or  merit." 

LANDS  UNCOVERED  BY  RECESSION  OF  WATER. 

An   act  to   amend   section   3493m   of  the    Political    Code   relating   to   land    uncovered   by 
the    recession    or   drainage   of  the   waters   of   inland    lakes. 

[Approved  April    14,    1911.] 

The   people    of   ihc   State   of    Califorvia,    represented    in   senate    and    assembly,    do 

enaet  as  follows: 

Section  1.  Section  3493??t  of  the  Political  Code  is  hereby  amended  to  read  as 
follows  : 

Section  3493mi.  Any  person  desiring  to  purchase  any  of  the  lands  now  uncovered 
or  which  may  hereafter  be  uncovered  by  the  recession  or  drainage  of  the  waters  of 
inland  lakes,  and  inuring  to  the  state  by  vii'tue  of  her  sovereignty,  or  the  swamp 
and  overflowed  lands  not  segregated  by  the  United  States,  must  make  an  application 
therefor  to  the  surveyor  general  of  the  state,  which  application  must  be  accompanied 
by  the  applicant's  affidavit  that  he  is  a  citizen  of  the  United  States,  or  has  declared 
his  intention  to  become  such,  a  resident  of  this  state,  of  lawful  age.  that  he  desires 
to  pui'chase  such  lands  (describing  them  by  legal  subdivisions,  or  by  metes  and 
bounds,  if  the  legal  subdivisions  are  unknown),  under  the  provisions  of  this  article, 
for  his  own  use  and  benefit,  and  for  the  use  and  benefit  of  no  other  person  whomso- 
ever, and  that  he  has  made  no  contract  or  agreement  to  sell  the  same,  and  that  he 
does  not  own  any  state  lands  which,  together  with  that  now  sought  to  be  purchased, 
exceed  six  hundred  and  forty  acres. 

The  provisions  of  this  section  shall  not  affect  or  apply  to  any  land  uncovered  by 
the  recession  or  drainage  of  the  waters  of  any  lake  or  other  body  of  water,  the  waters 
of  which  are  so  impregnated  with  minerals  as  to  be  valuable  for  the  purpose  of  ex- 
tracting therefrom  such  minerals  ;  but  the  land  uncovered  by  the  recession  or  drain- 
age of  such  waters  shall  be  subject  to  lease  for  periods  of  not  longer  than  twenty- 
five  years  upon  such  charges,  terms  and  conditions  as  may  be  prescribed  by  law. 

Sec.  2.     All  acts  or  parts  of  acts  in  conflict  herewith  are  hereby  repealed. 

Sec.  3.     This  act  shall  take  effect  immediately. 

EXTRACTION  OF  MINERALS  FROM  WATER. 

An  act  regulating  the  extraction  of  minerals  from  the  waters  of  any  stream  or  lake 
and  prohibiting  the  extraction  of  minerals  from  said  waters  except  under  lease 
from  or  express  permission  of  the  state  for  a  period  not  exceeding  twenty-five 
years. 

[Approved  April    14,    1911.] 

Tlie   people    of    the   State    of    California,    represented   in    senate   and    assembly,    do 

enact  as  follows  : 
Section  ].  Minerals  contained  in  the  waters  of  any  stream  or  lake  in  this  state 
shall  not  be  extracted  from  said  waters  except  upon  charges,  terms  and  conditions 
prescribed  by  law.  No  person,  firm,  corporation  or  association  shall  hereafter  gain 
the  right  to  extract  or  cause  to  be  extracted  said  minerals  from  said  waters  by  user, 
custom,  prescription,  appropriation,  littoral  rights,  riparian  rights,  or  in  any  manner 


I 


STATISTICS    OF    AXXUAL    PRODUCTION.  125 

other  than  by  lease  from  or  express  permission  of  the  state  as  proscribed  by  law ; 
and  no  such  lease  or  permission  shall  be  granted  for  a  longer  period  than  twenty- 
five  years. 

Sec.  2.     All  acts  or  parts  of  acts  in  conflict  herewith  are  hereby  repealed. 

Sec.  3.     This  act  shall  take  effect  immediately. 

HYDRAULIC  MINING. 
Where   hydraulic   mining   can    be   carried  on. 

§  1424.     The  business  of  hydraulic  mining  may  be  carried  on  within  the  State  of 
California   wherever   and   whenever   the   same   can    be   carried   on   without    material 
injury  to  the  navigable  streams,  or  the  lands  adjacent  thereto. 
Meaning  of  hydraulic  mining. 

§   1425.     Hydraulic   mining,   within   the  meaning  of   this   title,   is  mining  by   the 

means  of  the  application  of  water,  under  pressure,  through  a  nozzle,  against  a  natural 
bank. 


MINERAL    LANDS    WITHIN    MEANDER    LINES    OF    LAKES    AND 

STREAMS. 

An  act  relating  to  lakes  and  streams,  the  waters  of  which  contain  minerals  in  com- 
mercial quantities;  withdrawing  state  lands  within  the  meander  lines  thereof 
from  sale;  prescribing  conditions  for  taking  such  minerals  from  said  waters  and 
lands,  and  providing  for  the  leasing  of  lands  uncovered  by  the  recession  of  the 
waters   of   such    lakes   and   streams. 

[Approved  April  27,   1911.] 

The   people    of    the   State   of    California,    represented   in   senate    and   asscnihhj,    do 

enact  as   follows: 

Section  1.  There  is  hereby  withdrawn  from  selection  and  sale  all  of  the  lands 
embraced  within  the  original  meander  lines  of  streams  and  lakes  belonging  to  the 
state,  the  waters  of  which  contain  minerals  in  commercial  quantities,  and  all  such 
lands  which  may  hereafter  inui'e  to  the  state  by  virtue  of  its  sovereignty,  excepting 
such  lands  now  contracted  to  be  sold  under  sections  S493m  to  3493f,  both  inclusive, 
of  the  Political  Code. 

Sec.  2.  No  person,  firm  or  corporation  shall  take  water  from  such  streams  or 
lakes  containing  minerals  and  extract  from  such  water  such  minerals,  except  under 
the  terms  and  conditions  of  this  act ;  and  no  person,  firm  or  corporation  may  lease 
any  land  herein  referred  to  and  extract  therefrom  minerals  deposited  therein  or 
thereon,   except  under  the  terms  and  conditions  of  this  act. 

Sec.  3.  Every  person,  firm  or  corporation  taking  from  the  waters  of  such  stream, 
lakes  or  lands  any  minerals,  shall  file,  on  or  before  the  last  Monday  in  January  of 
each  year,  with  the  county  assessor  of  the  county  in  which  any  such  stream  or  lake 
is  situated,  and  also  with  the  state  controller,  a  written  statement,  duly  verified, 
showing  in  tons  of  two  thousand  pounds,  the  amount  of  mineral  taken  by  such  person, 
firm  or  coi^poration  from  such  water  or  land  during  the  year  ending  December  31st 
last  preceding,  and  sold  by  said  person,  firm  or  corporation  during  the  said  year  pre- 
ceding. Any  such  person,  firm  or  corporation  neglecting  or  refusing  to  furnish  such 
statement  shall  be  subject  to  a  fine  of  one  hundred  dollars  for  each  day  after  the 
said  last  Monday  in  January  such  person,  firm  or  corporation,  shall  fail  to  furnish 
such  statement,  and,  in  addition  to  said  fine,  shall  forfeit  all  leases  granting  the  right 
to  extract  such  minerals  from  said  water  and  said  land.  Any  person  who  shall, 
either  on  behalf  of  himself  or  any  firm  or  corporation,  verify  any  such  statement 
v.'hich  shall  be  untrue  in  any  material  part,  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  a  misdemeanor. 

Sec.  4.  In  case  either  the  assessor  or  the  state  controller  shall  not  be  satisfied 
with  the  statement  as  returned,  he  may  make  an  examination  of  the  matters  neces- 
sary to  verify  or  correct  said  statement,  and.  for  that  purpose,  may  subpoena  wit- 
nesses and  call  for  and  compel  the  production  of  necessary  books  and  papei's  belong- 
ing to  the  person,  firm  or  corporation  making  the  I'eturns. 


I 


126  MINERAL   INDUSTEY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 

Sec.  5.  The  county  assessor  of  the  county  shall,  after  examination  and  approval 
by  him  and  the  state  controller  of  such  statement,  proceed  to  collect  from  such  per- 
son, firm  or  corporation  a  royalty  of  twenty-five  cents  for  each  ton  of  two  thousand 
pounds  of  mineral  taken  from  such  water  or  land  by  such  person,  firm  or  corporation 
and  sold,  during  the  preceding  year,  in  the  manner  provided  for  the  collection  of 
personal  property  taxes  ;  provided,  that  the  royalty  on  sodium  bicarbonate  and  on 
sodium  hydrate  so  taken  shall  be  fifty  (50)  cents  for  each  ton  of  two  thousand 
pounds. 

Sec.  0.  Any  person,  firm  or  corporation  desiring  to  lease  any  lands  under  this 
act  must  make  application  therefor  to  the  surveyor  general  of  the  state,  describing 
the  lands  sought  to  be  leased  by  legal  subdivisions,  or  if  the  legal  subdivisions  are 
unknown  to  the  applicant  by  metes  and  bounds.  The  application  must  be  accom- 
panied by  a  filing  fee  of  ten  dollars. 

Sec.  7.  I'pon  the  receipt  of  such  application,  the  surveyor  general  shall  direct 
the  county  surveyor  of  the  county  in  which  such  lands  are  situated  to  survey  the 
land  sought  to  be  leased.  The  county  surveyor  shall  make  an  actual  survey  of  the 
land,  at  the  expense  of  the  applicant,  establishing  the  four  corners  to  each  quarter 
section,  and  connecting  the  same  with  a  United  States  survey ;  and,  within  thirty 
days  file  with  the  surveyor  general  a  copy,  under  oath,  of  his  field  notes  and  plat. 
If  the  county  surveyor  fails  to  make  the  survey  as  herein  provided,  the  surveyor 
genei'al  shall  immediately  direct  another  person  to  make  the  survey  at  the  expense 
of  the  applicant,  and  said  survey  shall  be  made  and  completed  within  thirty  days 
after  the  authorization,  and  the  field  notes  and  plats,  or  copies  thereof,  shall  be 
sworn  to  by  the  surveyor  making  them  and  shall  be  filed  with  the  surveyor  general. 

Sec.  8.  All  applications  to  Ic-ise  land  under  this  act  shall  be  approved  or  rejected 
by  the  surveyor  general  within  ninety  days  after  the  receipt  thereof.  Immediately 
after  the  approval  of  the  application,  the  surveyor  general  shall  execute  and  deliver 
to  the  applicant  a  lease  of  the  lands  described  in  the  application. 

Sec.  9.  The  lands  designated  in  this  act  shall  be  leased  at  the  rate  of  two  dol- 
lars and  fifty  cents  per  acre,  per  year,  payable  yearly  in  advance.  All  moneys  re- 
ceived as  rental  for  such  lands  and  as  royalty  upon  the  mineral  product  of  the  waters 
of  the  lakes,  streams  or  lands  above  mentioned,  shall  be  paid  into  the  state  school 
land  fund. 

Sec.  10.  Whenever  any  lease  is  delivered  to  the  applicant  by  the  surveyor  gen- 
ei'al,  the  lessee  shall  within  fifteen  days  thereafter,  present  said  lease  to  the  treasurer 
of  the  State  of  California,  and  make  payment  of  the  first  annual  rental.  The  treas- 
urer shall  receive  the  money  and  give  a  receipt  therefor.  All  subsequent  annual 
payments  of  rental  must  be  paid  to  the  state  treasurer,  in  like  manner,  within  fifteen 
days  after  they  become  due.  In  case  payments  are  not  made  as  herein  provided,  the 
lease  and  all  rights  thereunder  shall  cease  and  terminate.  No  lease  shall  run  for 
more  than  twenty-five  years  :  provided,  that  upon  the  expiration  of  any  lease,  such 
lease  may  be  extended  for  a  period  of  twenty-five  years  upon  such  terms  and  con- 
ditions as  may  then  be  prescribed  by  law. 

■  Sec.  13.  All  leases  made  under  the  authority  of  this  act  shall  contain  a  reser- 
vation to  the  state  of  a  right  to  locate  rights  of  way  across  such  leased  lands,  subject 
only  to  the  requirements  that  the  rights  of  way  shall  be  located  in  such  manner  as 
to  cause  the  least  injury  to  the  leased  lands  across  which  the  same  may  be  located, 
and  that  any  damage  suffered  by  the  lessee  of  such  lands  shall  be  compensated  by 
the  lessee  of  the  lands  for  whose  benefit  the  right  of  way  is  required  ;  aud  every  such 
lease  shall  be  subject  to,  and  shall  contain  a  reservation  of,  the  right  of  any  city 
?.nd  county  or  incorporated  city  or  town  of  this  state  to  at  any  time  appropriate 
and  take,  under  the  laws  of  this  state  relative  to  the  appropriation  of  waters,  water 
from  any  stream  or  lake  tributary  to  or  discharging  into  any  stream  or  lake  of  the 
character  nientionod  in  section  one  of  this  act.  for  any  use  or  uses  within  the  author- 
ized powers  of  such  city  and  county,  or  incorporated  city  or  town. 

Sec.  12.  Leases  of  rights  of  way,  not  exceeding  one  hundred  feet  in  width,  for 
access  to  any  water  or  lands  designated  by  this  act,  may  be  applied  for  and  granted 
in  the  manner  herein  provided  for  leasing  lands.     Such  rights  of  wav  shall  be  leased 


STATISTICS    OF    ANNUAL    PRODUCTION-.  127 

at  an  annual  rental  of  two  dollai-s  and  fifty  cents  an  acre,  and  the  same  shall  ho 
jiaid  as  herein  provided  for  leased  lands. 

Sec.  13.  All  leases  of  mineral  lands  provided  for  by  this  act  shall  cease  and  ter- 
minate on  December  31st  of  any  year  if  the  lessee  or  assigns  has  not,  during  the 
>( ar  preceding,  extracted  or  removed  from  such  land  and  water  an  amount  of  min- 
eral equal,  in  the  aggregate,  to  a  minimum  of  five  tons  per  acre  of  land  leased : 
provided,  that  when  a  lease  is  not  delivered  to  the  lessee  until  after  the  fifteenth  day 
of  January  of  any  year,  the  minimum  tonnage  for  such  year  shall  be  less  than  five 
(."))  tons,  and  shall  be  proportional  to  the  numl»er  of  days  remaining  in  such  year 
after  the  completion  of  the  works. 

Sec.  14.  The  surveyor  general  is  hereby  authorized  to  prepare,  make,  execute 
and  deliver  all  papers,  instruments  and  documents,  and  to  do  any  and  all  things 
necessary  to  carrj-  out  the  provisions  of  this  act. 

Sec.  15.  The  legislature  shall  have  the  right  to  change,  from  time  to  time,  tho 
royalty  per  ton  of  minerals  extracted  and  the  annual  rental  per  acre  of  land,  and 
such  change  shall  apply  to  all  persons,  firms  or  corporations  holding  leases  herein- 
under;  provided,  that  no  lease  given  under  this  act  shall  be  subject  to  any  ohan;;e. 
as  to  the  royalty  or  I'ental  provided  for  in  said  lease,  subsequent  to  the  execution 
n(  such  lease  until  after  ten  years  from  the  passage  of  this  act. 

Sec.  1(3.  Any  lessee  hereinunder  may  abandon  and  surrender  a  lease  at  the  ex- 
Ijiration  of  any  calendar  year  by  filing  with  the  county  assessor  of  the  county  in 
which  is  situated  the  lands  described  in  said  lease,  and  with  the  surveyor  general 
and  the  state  controller,  notices  of  said  abandonment  or  surrender;  but  said  notices 
must  be  filed  at  least  sixty  days  before  the  expiration  of  said  calendar  year;  and 
said  abandonment  and  surrender  shall  not  absolve  the  said  lessee  from  the  payment 
of  any  royalty  which  may  be  due  at  the  end  of  said  fiscal  year,  for  minerals  extracted 
from   the   waters  or  lands  in   this  act  specified. 

Sec.  17.     This  act  shall  take  effect  immediately. 

THE   RIGHT   OF   EMINENT   DOMAIN. 

An  act  to  amend  section  twelve  hundred  and  thirty-eight  of  the  Code  of  CIvl!  Pro- 
cedure, relating  to  the  purposes  for  which  the  right  of  eminent  domain  may  be 
exercised,  and   repealing   all   acts  and   parts  of  acts   in   conflict  with   this  act. 

[Approved  April   2S,    1911.] 

-  Section  1.  Section  twelve  hundred  and  thirty-eigiit  of  the  Code  of  (M\  il  Pro- 
cedure is  hereby  amended  to  read  as  follows : 

§  1238.  Subject  to  the  provisions  of  this  title,  the  right  of  eminent  domain  may 
be  exercised  in  behalf  of  the  following  public  uses  : 

4.  Wharves,  docks,  piers,  chutes,  booms,  ferries,  bridges,  toll  roads,  by-roads, 
plank,  and  turnpike  roads ;  paths  and  i-oads  either  on  the  surface,  elevated,  or  de- 
l-ressed.  for  the  use  of  bicycles,  tricycles,  motor  cycles  and  other  horseless  vehicles. 
steam,  electric,  and  horse  railroads,  canals,  ditches,  dams,  poundings,  flumes,  aque- 
ducts and  pipes  for  irrigation,  public  transportation,  supplying  mines  and  farming 
neighborhoods  witii  water,  and  draining  and  reclaiming  lands,  and  for  floating  logs 
and  hmiber  on  streams  not  navigable. 

.").  Roads,  tunnels,  ditches,  flumes,  pipes  and  dumping  phues  for  working  mines ; 
also  outlets,  natural  or  otherwise,  for  the  flow,  deposit,  or  conduct  of  tailings  or 
refuse  matter  from  mines  :  also  an  occupancy  in  common  by  the  owners  or  jwssessors 
of  different  mines  of  any  place  for  the  flow,  deposit,  or  conduct  of  tailings  or  refuse 
matter  from  their  several  mines. 

(!.  By-roads  leading  from  highways  to  residences,  farms,  mines,  mills,  factories 
and  buildings  for  operating  machinery,  or  necessary  to  reach  any  properly  used  for 
Iiublic  purposes. 

7.  Telegraph  and  telephone  lines,  systems  and  plants. 

0.  Roads  for  transportation  by  traction  engines  or  road  locomotives. 

10.  Oil  pipe  lines. 

11.  Roads  and  flumes  for  logging  or  lumbering  purposes. 

9— 12.'>24 


328  MIXKKAL    TXDUSTIJY    01"    CAl.l  KOltM  A. 

12.  Canals,  reservoii's,  dams,  ditches,  flumes,  aqueducts  and  i>ii)es  and  outlets 
natural  or  otherwise  for  supplying,  storing  and  discharging  water  for  the  operation 
ol"  machinery  for  the  purpose  of  generating  and  transmitting  electricity  for  the  supply 
of  mines,  qiiarries.  railroads,  tramways,  mills,  and  factories  with  electric  power;  and 
also  for  the  applying  of  electricity  to  light  or  heat  mines,  quarries,  mills,  factories, 
incorporated  cities  and  counties,  villages  or  towns;  and  also  for  furnishing  electricity 
for  lighting,  heating  or  power  purposes  to  individuals  or  corporations,  together  with 
lands,  buildings  and  all  other  improvements  in  or  xipon  which  to  erect,  install,  place, 
use  or  operate  machinery  for  the  purpose  of  generating  and  transmitting  electricity 
for  any  of  the  pui^poses  or  uses  above  set  forth. 

Sec.  2.     All  acts  and  parts  of  acts  in  conflict  with  this  act  are  hereby  repealed. 

Sec.  3.     This  act  shall  take  effect  immediately. 

An   act  to  amend  section   1239  of  the  Code  of  Civil   Procedure,   relating   to   proceedings 

to  exercise  the  right  of  eminent  domain. 

[Appi-oved    Apiil    o,    lUll.] 

Section  1.  Section  1239  of  the  Code  of  Civil  I'rocedure  of  the  State  of  Cali- 
fornia,  is   hereby   amended   to   read   as   follows : 

§  1239.  The  following  is  a  classification  of  the  estates  and  rights  in  lands  sub- 
ject to  be  taken  for  public  use : 

1.  A  fee  simple,  when  taken  for  public  buildings  or  grounds,  or  for  permanent 
buildings,  for  reservoirs  and  dams,  and  permanent  flooding  occasioned  thereby,  or 
for  an  outlet  for  a  flow,  or  a  place  for  the  deposit  of  debris  or  tailings  of  a  mine. 


LOCATION  OF  MINING  CLAIMS,  MILL  SITES,  AND  ASSESSMENT  j 

WORK. 

An  act  to  amend  the  Civil  Code  of  California  by  adding  a  new  title  thereto,  to  be 
numbered  title  X,  In  part  IV  of  division  second,  consisting  of  sections  1426,  1426a, 
1426b,  1426c,  1426d,  1426e,  1426f,  1426g,  1426h,  14261,  1426J,  1426k,  14261,  1426m, 
1426n,  14260,  1426p,  1426q,  1426r,  and  1426s,  providing  for  the  manner  of  locating 
lode  and  placer  mining  claims,  tunnel  rights,  mill  sites,  and  prescribing  the  char- 
acter and  amount  of  assessment  work  on  mining  claims,  and  providing  for  proofs 
of  such  work,  and  for  the  recordation  of  location  notices,  and  proof  of  labor,  and 
for  the  enforcement  of  contributions  from  delinquent  co-owners  of  mining  claims, 
and  prescribing  the  duties  of  county  recorders  respecting  the  recording  of  location 
notices  of,  and  proofs  of  labor  on,  mining  claims,  tunnel  rights,  and  mill  sites, 
and  the  fees  to  be  charged  therefor,  and  repealing  acts  in  conflict  herewith. 

[Approved  March   K!,    1909.] 

The    people    uf    the    Stafc    of    California,    i  cpresciitcd    in    ifeiiate    and    uhkoiiUIij,    do 

enact  as   follows: 

Section  1.  The  Civil  Code  of  the  State  of  California  is  hereby  amended  by  add- 
ing a  new  title  thereto,  to  he  numbered  title  X.  in  part  IV  of  second  division,  con- 
sisting of  sections  142(;.  142(;r/.  142t)/j.  142(5c.  1426rf,  1426p.  1426/,  142%.  142(;;i, 
1426i,  1426./,  1426A-.  1426/.  ]426»).  1426h.  f42(to.  1426/),  1426fy,  1426r,  and  1426s, 
to  read  as  follows : 

§  1426.  Any  person,  a  citizen  of  the  I'nited  States,  or  who  has  declared  his  in- 
tention to  become  such,  who  discovers  a  vein  or  lode  of  quartz,  or  other  rock  in  place 
bearing  gold,  silver,  cinnabar,  lead,  tin.  copper,  or  other  valuable  deposit,  may  locate 
a  claim  upon  such  vein  or  lode,  by  defining  the  boundaries  of  the  claim,  in  the  man- 
ner hei'einafter  described,  and  by  posting  a  notice  of  such  location,  at  tin'  ))oiut  of 
discovery,  which  notice  must  contain  : 

First — The  name  of  the  lode  or  claim. 

Second — The  name  of  the  locator  or  locators. 

Third — The  number  of  linear  feet  claimed  in  length  along  the  course  of  the  vein, 
each  way  from  the  point  of  discovery,  with  the  width  on  each  side  of  the  center  of 
the  claim,  and  the  general  course  of  the  vein  or  lode,  as  near  as  may  be. 

Fourth — The  date  of  location. 

PifiJi — Such  a  description  of  the  claim  by  reference  to  some  natur.il  object,  or 
permanent  monument,  as  will  identify  the  claim  located. 


STATISTICS    OK    AXMAI.    I'l!»  »1  )rCTI(tX.  ll>!) 

S  142(3</.  The  locator  must  dctine  the  houndaries  of  liis  cliiim  so  tliat  lliry  may 
j  1)0  readily  traced,  and  in  no  case  shall  the  claim  extend  more  than  fifteen  hundred 
I  feet  along  the  course  of  the  vein  or  lode,  nor  more  than  three  hundred  feet  on  either 
[  side  thereof,  measured  from  the  center  line  of  the  vein  at  the  surface. 

§  li26b.     Within  thirty  days  after  the  posting  of  his  notice  of  location  upon  a 

lode  mining  claim,  the  locator  shall  record  a   true  copy  thereof  in   the  office  of  the 

!  county  recorder  of  the  county  in  which  such  claim  is  situated,  for  which  service  the 

county  recorder  shall  receive  a  fee  of  one  dollar. 
.  §  1426c.  The  location  of  a  placer  claim  shall  be  made  in  the  following  manner : 
I  By  posting  thereon,  upon  a  tree,  rock  in  place,  stone,  post  or  monument,  a  notice  of 
location,  containing  the  name  of  the  claim,  name  of  locator  or  locators,  date  of  loca- 
tion, number  of  feet  or  acreage  claimed,  such  a  description  of  the  claim  by  reference 
to  some  natural  object  or  permanent  monument  as  will  identify  the  claim  located, 
and  by  marking  the  boundaries  so  that  they  may  be  readily  traced:  providnl.  that 
where  the  United  States  survey  has  been  extended  over  the  land  embraced  in  the 
location,  the  claim  may  be  taken  by  legal  subdivisions  and  no  other  reference  than 
those  of  said  survey  shall  be  required  and  the  boundaries  of  a  claim  so  located  and 
described  need  not  be  staked  or  monumonted.  The  description  by  legal  subdivisions 
shall  be  deemed  the  equivalent  of  marking. 

§  1426rf.  Within  thirty  days  after  the  posting  of  the  notice  of  location  of  a 
placer  claim,  the  locator  shall  record  a  true  copy  thereof  in  the  office  of  the  county 
recorder  of  the  county  in  which  such  claim  is  situated,  for  which  service  the  recorder 
shall  receive  a  fee  of  one  dollar. 

§  1426c.  The  locator  of  a  tunnel  right  or  location,  shall  locate  his  tunnel  right 
ov  location  by  posting  a  notice  of  location  at  the  face  or  point  of  commencenienl  of 
the  tunnel,  which  must  contain  : 

First — The  name  of  the  locator  or  loc;itors. 
t^econd — The  date  of  the  location. 

Third — The  proposed  course  or  direction  of  the  tunnel. 

Fourth — A  description  of  the  tunnel,  with  reference  to  some  natural  object  or 
permanent  monument  as  shall  identify  the  claim  or  tunnel  right. 

§  1426f.  The  boundary  lines  of  the  tunnel  shall  be  established  by  stakes  or 
monuments  placed  along  the  lines  at  an  interval  of  not  more  than  six  hundred  feet 
from  the  face  or  point  of  commencement  of  the  tunnel  to  the  terminus  of  three 
thousand  feet  therefrom. 

§  1426.r/.  Within  thirty  days  after  the  posting  th:>  notice  of  location  of  ♦^he  tunnel 
right  or  location,  the  locator  shall  record  a  true  copy  thereof,  in  the  office  of  the 
county  recorder  of  the  county  in  which  such  claim  is  situated,  for  which  service  the 
recorder  shall  receive  a  fee  of  one  dollar. 

§  1426?i.  If  at  any  time  the  locator  of  any  mining  claim  heretofore  or  here- 
after located,  or  his  assigns,  shall  apprehend  that  his  original  location  notice  was 
defective,  erroneous,  or  that  the  requirements  of  the  law  had  not  been  complied  with 
liofore  filing:  or  in  case  the  original  notice  was  made  prior  to  the  passage  of  this 
act.  and  he  shall  be  desirous  of  securing  the  benefit  of  this  act.  such  locator,  or  his 
assigns,  may  file  an  additional  notice,  subject  to  the  provisions  of  this  act :  provided. 
that  such  amended  location  notice  does  not  interfere  with  the  existing  rights  of  others 
;,r  the  time  of  posting  and  filing  such  amended  location  notice,  and  no  such  amen(le<l 
hication  notice  or  the  record  thereof,  shall  preclude  the  claimant,  oi-  claimants  from 
proving  any  such  title  as  he  or  they  may  have  held  under  previous  locations. 
§  1426/.  Where  a  locator,  or  his  assigns,  has  the  boundaries  and  corners  of  his 
I  claim  estaldished  by  a  United  States  deputy  mineral  survey,  or  a  licensed  surveyor 
I  of  this  state,  and  his  claim  connected  with  the  corner  of  the  public  or  minor  surveys 
of  an  established  initial  point,  and  incorporates  into  the  record  of  the  claim,  the 
field  notes  of  such  survey,  and  attaches  to  and  files  with  such  location  notice  a  cer- 
tificate of  the  surve.vor.  setting  forth:  first,  that  said  survey  M-as  actually  made  by 
him,  giving  the  date  thereof:  second,  the  name  of  the  claim  surveyed  and  the  location 
thereof:  third,  that  the  description  incoi-porated  in  the  declaratory  statement  is  suffi- 
cient to  identify  :  such  survey  and  certificate  l)ecoraes  a  part  of  the  record,  and  sucli 
recoi'd   is  prima   facie  evidence  of  the  facts  therein  contained. 


180  MINTKRAL    INDUSTRY    OF    f'AMFOENIA. 

§  142();.  The  pi'Oprietor  of  a  vciu  or  lode  claim  or  mine,  or  the  owner  of  a  quartsr 
mill  or  reduction  works,  or  any  person  qualified  by  the  laws  of  the  United  States, 
may  locate  not  more  than  five  acres  of  non-mineral  land  as  a  mill  site.  Such  location 
shall  be  made  in  the  same  manner  as  hereinbefore  required  for  locating  placer  claims. 

§  1426A:.  The  locator  of  a  mill  site  claim  or  location  shall,  within  thirty  days 
from  the  date  of  his  location,  record  a  true  copy  of  his  location  notice  with  the 
t*ounty  recorder  of  the  county  in  which  such  location  is  situated,  for  which  service 
the  recorder  shall  receive  a  fee  of  one  dollar. 

§  1426^  The  amount  of  work  done  or  improvements  made  during  each  year  to 
hold  possession  of  a  mining  claim  shall  be  that  prescribed  liy  the  laws  of  the  United 
States,  to  wit :  One  hundred  dollars  annually. 

§  1426Hi.  Whenever  [a]  mine  owner,  company,  or  corporation  shall  have  per- 
formed the  labor  and  made  the  improvements  required  by  law  upon  any  mining  claim, 
the  pei-son  in  whose  bohulf  such  labor  was  performed  or  improvements  made,  or 
some  one  in  his  iiehalf,  shall  within  thirty  days  after  the  time  limited  for  perform- 
ing such  labor  or  making  such  improvements  make  and  have  recorded  by  the  county 
recorder,  in  liooks  kept  for  that  purpose,  in  the  county  in  which  such  mining  claim 
is  situated,  an  affidavit  setting  forth  Ihe  valu.>  of  labor  or  improvements  made,  the 
name  of  the  claim,  and  the  name  of  tlie  owner  or  claimant  of  said  claim  at  whose 
expense  the  same  was  made  or  performed.  Such  affidavit,  or  a  copy  thereof,  duly 
certified  by  the  county  recorder,  shall  be  prima  facie  evidence  of  the  performance  of 
such  labor  or  tlie  making  of  such  improvements,  or  both. 

§  142Cw(.  For  recording  the  affidavit  herein  I'equired.  the  county  recorder  shall 
receive  a  fee  of  fift.v  cents. 

§  142(>o.  Whenever  a  co-owner  or  co-owners  of  a  mining  claim  shall  give  to  a 
delinciuent  co-owner  or  co-owners  the  notice  in  writing  or  notice  by  publication  pro- 
vided for  in  section  2324,  Revised  Statutes  of  the  United  States,  an  affidavit  of  the 
person  giving  such  notice,  stating  the  time,  place,  manner  of  service,  and  by  whom 
and  upon  whom  such  service  was  made,  shall  be  attached  to  a  true  copy  of  such 
notice,  and  such  notice  and  affidavit  must  be  recorded  in  the  oflSce  of  the  county 
recorder,  in  books  kept  foi-  that  pui-pose,  in  the  county  in  which  the  claim  is  situated, 
within  ninety  days,  after  the  giving  of  such  notice;  for  the  recording  of  which  said 
recorder  shall  receive  the  same  fees  as  are  now  allowed  by  law  for  recording  deeds; 
or  if  such  notice  is  given  liy  publication  in  a  newspaper,  there  shall  be  attached  to 
a  printed  copy  of  such  notice  an  afllidavit  of  the  printer  or  his  foreman,  or  principal 
clerk  of  such  paper,  stating  the  date  of  the  first,  last  and  each  insertion  of  such 
notice  therein,  and  where  the  newspaper  was  published  during  that  time,  and  the 
name  of  such  newspaper.  Such  affidavit  and  notice  shall  be  recorded  as  aforesaid, 
within  one  hundred  and  eighty  days  after  the  first  publication  thereof.  The  original 
of  such  notice  and  affidavit,  or  a  duly  certified  copy  of  the  record  thereof,  shall  be 
prima  facie  evidence  that  the  delinquent  mentioned  in  section  2324  has  failed  or 
refused  to  contribute  his  proportion  of  the  expenditure  i-equired  by  that  section,  and  of 
the  service  of  publication  of  said  notice ;  provided,  the  writing  or  affidavit  hereinafter 
provided  for  is  not  of  record.  If  such  delinquent  shall,  within  the  ninety  days  re- 
quired by  section  2324,  aforesaid,  contribute  to  his  co-owner  or  co-owners,  his  pro- 
portion of  such  expenditures,  and  also  all  costs  of  service  of  the  notice  required  by 
this  section,  whether  incurred  for  publication  charges,  or  otherwise,  such  co-owner 
or  co-owners  shall  sign  and  deliver  to  the  delinquent  or  delinquents  a  writing  stating 
that  the  delinquent  or  delinquents  by  name  has  within  the  time  required  by  section 

2324  aforesaid,  contributed  his  share  for  the  year upon  the 

mine,  and  further  stating  therein  the  district,  county  and  state  wherein  the  same 
is  situated,  and  the  book  and  page  where  the  location  notice  is  recorded,  if  said  mine 
was  located  under  the  provisions  of  this  act;  such  writing  shall  be  recorded  in  the 
office  of  the  county  recorder  of  said  county,  for  which  he  shall  receive  the  same  fees 
as  are  now  allowed  by  law  for  recording  deeds.  If  such  co-owner  or  co-owners  shall 
fail  to  sign  and  deliver  such  writing  to  the  delinquent  or  delinquents  within  twenty 
days  after  such  contribution,  the  co-owner  or  co-owners  so  failing  as  aforesaid  shall 
be  liable  to  the  penalty  of  one  hundred  dollars,  to  be  recovered  by  any  person  for 
the  use  of  the  delinquent  or  delinquents  in  any  court  of  competent  jurisdiction.     If 


STATISTICS    OK     AXXIAI.    I'ltODlCTlON.  131 

sudi  (.•u-ownci-  or  co-owuers  fai)  to  deliver  sucli  writing:  witbiu  said  twenty  days, 
the  delinquent,  with  two  disinterested  persons  having;  personal  knowledge  of  siu-h 
ooutribution,  may  make  affidavit  setting  forth  in  what  manner,  the  amount  of.  to 
whom,  and  upon  what  mine,  such  contribution  was  made.  Such  affidavit,  or  a  record 
thereof,  in  the  office  of  the  county  recorder  of  the  county  in  which  such  mine  is 
situated,  shall  be  prima  facie  evidence  of  such  contribution. 

§  142Gp.  The  record  of  any  location  of  a  mining  claim,  mill  site  or  tunnel  riglit. 
in  the  office  of  the  county  recorder,  as  herein  provided  shall  be  received  in  evidence, 
and  have  the  same  force  and  effect  in  the  courts  of  the  state  as  the    original  notice. 

§  142G(7.  Copies  of  the  records  of  all  instruments  required  to  be  recorded  by  the 
provisions  of  this  act.  duly  certified  by  the  recorder,  in  whose  custody  such  records 
are.  may  be  read  in  evidence,  under  the  same  circumstances  and  rules  as  are  now. 
or  may  be  hereafter  provided  by  law.  for  using  copies  of  instruments  relating  to  reul 
estate,  duly  executed  or  acknowledged  or  proved  and  recorded. 

§  1426r.  The  provisions  of  this  act  shall  not  in  any  manner  be  construed  as 
affecting  or  abolishing  any  mining  district  or  the  rules  and  regulations  thereof  within 
the  State  of  California. 

§  1426s.  The  failure  or  neglect  of  any  locator  of  a  mining  claim  to  perform 
development  work  of  the  character,  in  the  manner  and  within  the  time  required  hy 
the  laws  of  the  United  States,  shall  disqualify  such  locatoi-s  from  relocating  the 
ground  embraced  in  the  original  location  or  mining  claim  or  any  part  thereof  under 
the  mining  laws,  within  three  years  after  the  date  of  his  original  location  and  any 
attempted  relocation  thereof  by  any  of  the  original  locators  shall  render  such  location 
void. 

Sec.  2.     All  acts  and  parts  of  acts  in  conflict  with  this  act,  are  hereby  repealed. 

Sec.  3.     This  act  shall  take  effect  and  be  in  force  on  and  after  July  1,  1900. 

LARCENY  OF  GOLD-DUST  AND  AMALGAM. 

An    act    supplementary    to    an    act    entitled    "An    act    concerning    crimes    and    punisli- 

ments,"   passed   April    16,   1850. 

[Approved    March    20,     1872  ;     1S71-2,     435.] 

Section  1.  Every  person  who  shall  feloniously  steal,  take  and  carry  away,  or 
attempt  to  take,  steal,  and  carry  from  any  mining  claim,  tunnel,  sluice,  under-cur- 
rent, riffle-box,  or  sulphurate  (sulphuret)  machine  any  gold-dust,  amalgam,  or  quick- 
silver, the  property  of  another,  shall  be  deemed  guilty  of  grand  larceny,  and  upon 
conviction  thereof  shall  be  punished  by  imprisonment  in  the  state  prison  for  any 
term  of  not  less  than  one  year  nor  more  than  fourteen  years. 

Sec.  2.     This  act  shall  be  in  force  from  and  after  its  passage. 


CALIFORNIA  MINE  BELL  SIGNALS. 

An    act    to    establish    a    uniform    system    of    mine    bell    signals,    to    be    used    in    all    the 
mines  operated  in  the  State  of  California,  and  for  the  protection  of  miners. 

[Approved  March   8,   1893.] 

Section  1.  Every  person,  company,  corporation,  or  individual,  operating  any 
;  mine  within  the  State  of  California — gold,  silver,  copper,  lead,  coal,  or  any  oilier 
metal  or  substance — where  it  is  necessary  to  use  signals  by  means  of  bell  or  other- 
wise, for  shafts,  inclines,  drifts,  crosscuts,  tunnels,  and  underground  woi'kings,  shall, 
after  the  passage  of  this  bill,  adopt,  use.  and  pn^  in  force  the  following  system  or 
code  of  mine  bell  signals,  as  follows : 

1  bell,  to  hoist.      (See  Rule  2.1 

1  bell,  to  stop  if  in  motion. 

2  bells  to  lower.      (See  Rule  2.) 

.*>  bells,  man  to  be  hoisted;  run  slow.      (See  Rule  2.) 

4  bells,  start  pump  if  not  running,  or  stop  pump  if  running. 


V^2  MISVAIAL    IXDUSTliY    OF    (A  LI  FOliXr.V. 

1 — 3  bells,  start  or  stop  air  compressor. 

•J  bells,  seud  down  tools.      (See  Rule  4.) 

G  bells,  send  down  timbers.      (See  Rule  4.) 

7  bells,  accident ;  move  bucket  or  cage  by  verbal  orders  only. 

1 — 4  bells,  foreman  wanted. 

2 — 1 — 1  bells,  done  hoisting  until  called. 

2 — 1 — 2  bells,  done  hoisting  for  the  day. 

2 — 2 — 2  bells,  change  buckets  from  ore  to  water,  or  vice  versa. 

3 — 2 — 1  bells,  ready  to  shoot  in  the  shaft.      (See  Rule  3.) 

Engineers  signal,  that  he  is  ready  to  hoist,  is  to  raise  the  bucket  or  cage  two 
feet  and  lower  it  again.      (See  Rule  3.) 

Levels  shall  lie  designated  and  inserted  in  notice  hereinafter  mentioned.  (See 
Rule  5.) 

Sec.  2.  For  the  purpose  of  enforcing  and  properly  understanding  the  above  code 
of  signals,  the  following  rules  are  hereb.v  established : 

Rule  1 — In  giving  signals  make  strokes  on  bell  at  regular  intervals.  The  bar 
( — )  must  take  the  same  time  as  for  one  stroke  of  the  l)ell,  and  no  more.  If  timber, 
tools,  the  foreman,  bucket  or  cage  are  wanted  to  stop  at  any  level  in  the  mine,  signal 
by  number  of  strokes  on  the  bell,  numher  of  the  level  first  before  giving  the  signal 
for  timber,  tools,  etc.     Time  between  signals  to  be  double  bars   ( ).     Example: 

Q 5  would  mean  stop  at  sixth  level  with  tools. 

4 1 — 1 — 1 1.  would  mean  to  stop  a  I   fourth  level,  man  on,  hoist. 

2 1 — 4  would  mean  stop  at  second  level  with  foreman. 

Rule  2 — No  person  must  get  off  or  on  the  bucket  or  cage,  while  the  same  is  in 
motion.  When  men  are  to  be  hoisted  give  the  signal  for  men.  Men  must  then  get 
on  bucket  or  cage,  then  give  the  signal  to  hoist.  Bell  cord  must  be  in  reach  of  man 
on  the  bucket  or  cage  at  stations. 

Rule  3 — After  signal  "Ready  to  shoot  in  shaft."  engineer  must  give  his  signal 
when  he  is  ready  to  hoist.  Miners  must  tiien  give  tlie  signal  of  "Men  to  be  hoisted," 
then  "spit  fuse."'  get  into  the  l)ucket.  and  give  the  signal  to  hoist. 

Rule  .'/ — All  timbers,  tools,  etc..  "longer  than  the  depth  of  the  bucket,"  to  be 
hoisted  or  lowered,  must  be  securely  lashed  at  the  upper  end  to  the  cable.  Miners 
nmst  know  they  will  ride  up  or  down  th(>  shaft  without  catching  on  rocks  or  timliers 
and   be   thrown   out. 

Rule  5 — The  foreman  will  see  that  one  printed  sheet  of  these  signals  and  rules 
for  each  level  and  one  for  the  engine-room  are  attached  to  a  board  not  less  than 
twelve  inches  wide  by  thirty -si.\  inches  long,  and  securely  fasten  the  board  up  where 
signals  can  be  easily  read  at  the  places  above  stated. 

Rule  6 — The  above  signals  and  rules  must  be  obeyed.  Any  violation  will  be 
sufficient  grounds  for  discharging  the- party  or  parties  so  doing.  No  person,  company, 
corporation,  or  individuals  operating  any  mine  within  the  State  of  California,  shall 
b«-  responsible  for  accidents  that  may  happen  to  men  disobeying  the  above  rules  and 
signals.  Said  notice  and  rules  shall  be  signed  by  the  person  or  superintendent  hav- 
ing charge  of  the  mine,  who  shall  designate  the  name  of  the  corporation  or  the  owner 
of  the  mine. 

Sec.  3.  Any  person  or  company  failing  to  carry  out  any  of  the  provisions  of 
this  act  shall  be  responsible  for  all  damages  arising  to  or  incurred  I)y  any  per.son 
working  in  said  mine  during  the  time  of  such  failure. 

Sec.  4.     This   act   shall    take   effect   immediately. 

MINER'S  INCH  DEFINED. 

An  act  fixing  and  defining  a  miner's  Inch  of  water. 

[Approved  March  23,   1901.] 

77ie    people    of    the    State    of    California,    represented   in    senate    and    assemhhj.    do 

enact  as   follows: 
Section  1.     The  standard  miner's  inch  of  water  shall  be  equivalent  or  equal  to 
one  and  one  half  cubic  feet  of  water  per  minute,  measured  through  any  aperture  or 
orifice. 


STATISTICS    OF    A.N  MA  I.    I'UoDl  I'lTON.  1:{:! 

Sec.  2.     All  acts  or  iiarts  of  acts  iiuonsisiciit  with  llic  provisions  of  this  art  an- 
lu'i'eby  repealed. 

Sec.  3.     This  act  shall  l)o  in  offect  and  force  sixty  days  from  and  after  its  passage. 

FORMS  FOR  LOCATION  NOTICES. 

The   following-   forms   for  mineral    location   notic  s   have  been    found   to    till   tiie   re- 
qnirements  of  the  statutes: 

NOTICE    OF    QUARTZ    LODE    LOCATION. 

'      Notice  is  hcrehy  given.  That  I, ,  a  citizen 

Of  the  United  States,  have  discovered  a  vein  of  rock  in  place,  carrying  gold,  silver, 
copper,  aud  other  valuable  deposits,  upon  which  I  have  erected  a  discovery  monu- 
ment and  posted  this  notice,  as  hereinafter  set  forth;  that  in  accordance  with  the 
provision  of  Chapter  6,  Title  .32  of  the  Revised  Statutes  of  the  United  States  aud 
the  laws  of  the  State  of  California.  I  hereby  claim  fifteen  hundred  linear  feet  of 
said  vein,  measured  thereon  as  hereinafter  set  forth.     Said  discovery  was  made  on 

the day  of 19 Immediately  upon 

making  the  same,  and  on  the day  of ,  19 

I  erected  at  the  point  of  discovery,  a  substantial  monument,  consisting  of  a  mound 

of  rocks  and ,  and  posted  theron  this  notice. 

The   *   general   course  of  said  vein  is and   I  claim   in 

length  thereon feet and feet from 

said  discovery  monument.     I  also  claim  three  hundred  feet  on  each  side  of  the  center 

of  the  vein.     This  vein  or  claim  shall  be  known  as  and  called  the 

It  is  situated  in Mining  District,  and 

in   t   Sec. ,  Tp. ,  R. ,  B.   and  M.,  in 

County.   California,  and  the  discovery  monument being  placed  about   § 


from   

That  the  following  is  a  description  of  said  location  as  marked  on  the  ground  :  .t 

commencing  at  the of  said  claim,  a , 

from  which  initial  point  the  discovery  monument  is  dis- 
tant about feet  in  a direction  ;   

thence  || 

Dated  and  posted  on  the  ground,  this day  of 

,  19 

Witness   


Locator. 


*Make  thi.s  description  in  accordance  with  the  facts,  a.s  "The  general  course  of  said 
vein  is  north  and  soutli.  I  claim  in  length  thereon  500  feet  north  and  1,000  feet 
south  from  said  discovery  monument." 

tif  the  claim  is  upon  surveyed  land,  give  the  section,  township  and  range,  if  pos- 
sible.     This  is  not  required  l^y  law.  but  makes  a  much  better  description. 

SHere  refer  to  some  natural  object  or  permanent  monument  so  as  to  identify  the 
locality  of  the  claim,  in  compliance  with  section  2324,  Revised  Statutes  U.  S.  A  road, 
house,  tree,  known  mountain  or  peak,  government  corner,  mill,  or  known  mining 
claim,  are  such  objects  or  monuments.  As,  "About  one  mile  directly  east  from  John 
Doe's  quartz  mill  and  400  rods  west  from  the  Last  Hope  mine,"  etc. 

JHere  state :  "Commencing  at  the  N.  E.  corner  of  said  claim,  a  mound  of  rocks 
4  ft.  high."  or  at  any  other  corner  or  point  in  the  boundary  ;  give  the  distance  and 
direction  from  this  initial  monument  to  the  discovery  monument,  and  then  locate  the 
discovery  with  reference  to  some  natur.al  object  or  permanent  monument. 

II Here  follows  a  description  of  the  claim  from  the  initial  monument.  For  instance: 
"Thence  60  0  ft.  northwesterly  to  the  N.  "W.  corner  of  said  claim,  at  which  point  is 
a  mound  of  rocks  2J  ft.  high,  marked  so-and-so,  (if  marked)  ;  thence  1,500  ft.  south- 
westerly to  the  S.  "W.  corner  of  .said  claim,  being  a  niound  of  rocks,"  etc.  ;  so  going 
aiound  the  claim  to  the  point  of  beginning. 


384  MIXlCliAL    JXl)rS'l-UY    01"    CAl.lFOltXrA. 

NOTICE    OF     LOCATION     OF     PLACER    CLAIM. 

]\^oticc  is  Itereby  given.   That   

citizen of  the  United  States,  h this day  of 

,  19 discovered  a  valuable  placer  deposit  within  the  limits 

of  this  claim;  that  by  A-irtue  of  said  discovery, 

ha located,  and  hereby  locate  and  claim  the  followins'  described  land, 

situate    in    Mining   District,    County.    California,   to 

wit:    * of  section   

Township ,  Ranse B.  and  M..  containing 

acres. t     Said   claim   is   hereby  named Placer   Claim. 

Said  claim  is  marked  upon  the  ground  as  follows:  i 

This  notice  is  posted  on  a   mound  of  rocks  at   the  point  of  discoverj%  situated  § 

Dated  and  posted  on  the  ground,  this day  of 1!) 

FiOcator. 


*The  statute  provides  tliat  the  locator  must  give  "a  description  of  tlio  claim  by 
reference  to  legal  subdivisions  of  sections,  if  the  location  is  made  in  conformity  with 
tlie  public  surveys  ;  otherwise  a  description  with  reference  to  some  natural  object  or 
permanent   monument  as  will   identify   the   claim." 

tWhen  not  described  by  legal  subdivisions,  the  description  should  conform  to  that 
contained  in  the  final  certificate  of  location  of  a  lode  claim. 

JThe  statute  provides  that,  whether  described  by  legal  subdivisions  or  not,  the 
location  shall  be  marked  by  the  locator  on  the  ground,  and  as  the  affidavit  to  be  filed 
later  is  not  required  to  contain  a  description  of  the  claim,  we  think  this  notice  should 
state  how  the  location  is  marked  ;  as  for  instance,  "At  the  N.  E.  corner  of  said  tract 
a  mound  of  rocks  3  ft.  high,  marked  so-and-so  (if  marked),  and  at  the  N.  W.  corner 
a  stake  in  a  mound  of  rocks,  marked,"  etc.,  and  so  on  for  each  monument  enclosing 
the  claim. 

§Here  state  where  the  discovery  Is  located,  as,  for  instance,  "20  ft.  S.  W.  of  the 
N.  E.  corner  monument." 

A  duplicate  of  tViis  notice  must  be  filed  for  record  with  tVie  county  recorder  within 
thirty  days  from  the  discovery  ;  and  the  locator  is  allowed  thirty  days  to  mark  his 
location  on  the  ground. 

The  foregoing  form  of  placer  notice  may  be  used  for  location  of  all  deposits  wliich 
pre  classed  under  placer  laws. 


STATISTICS    OF    AN'NUAL    PRODIJO'J'ION. 


135 


APPENDIX. 


PUBLICATIONS  OF  THE  CALIFORNIA  STATE  MINING  BUREAU. 

Publications  of  this  Bureau  will  bo  sent  on  I'eceipt  of  the  requisite  amount.     Only 
stamps,  coin  or  money  orders  will  be  accepted  in  payment. 

Money  orders  should  be  made  payable  to  the  State  Mining  Bureau. 

J'crxoiiiil  chci-lcs  irill  not  he  accepted. 

REPORTS. 
Asterisk   (*)    indicates  the  publication  is  out  of  print. 
*Report         I.     Henry  G.  Hanks.    1880. 
^Report       II.     Henry  G.  Hanks.     1882. 
♦Report     III.     Henry  G.  Hanks.    1883. 
*Repon      IV.     Henry  G.  Hanks.     1884. 
*Report        V.     Henry  G.  Hanks.     1885. 
•Report      VI— Parti.     Henry  G.  Hanks.     1886. 
*Report      VI— Part  2.     Win.  Irelan,  .Jr.    1886. 
*Report    VII.    Wm.  Irelan,  Jr.     1887. 
'Report  VIII.     Wm.  IreJan,  Jr.     1888. 
♦Report      IX.     Wm.  Irelan,  Jr.     1889. 
♦Report       X.    Wm.  Irelan,  Jr.     1890. 

Price. 

Report      XI.     Wm.  Irelan,  Jr.     1S92.     ("First  biennial.) $1.00 

♦Report    XII.     J.  J.  Crawford.     1894.     (Second  biennial.) 

♦Report  XIII.     J.  J.  Crawford.     1896.     (Third  biennial.) 

BULLETINS. 

Price. 

♦Bulletin    1.     Desiceatod  Human  Remains.— Winslow  Anderson.     1888 

'Bulletin    2.     Metliods  of  Mine  Timbering.— W.  H.  Storms.     1894 

♦Bulletin    3.     Gas    and    Petroleum    Yielding    Formations    of    the    Central    Valley    of    Cali- 
fornia.—W.   L.   Watts.     1894 

♦Bulletin   4.     Catalogue  of  California  Fossils  (Parts  2,  3,  4  and  5).— J.  G.  Cooper.     1894-_    

♦Bulletin   5.    The  Cyanide  Process:   Its   Practical  Application    and   Economical  Results.— 

A.   Scheidel.     1894 

Bulletin    fi.     California  Gold  Mill  Practices.— E.  B.  Preston.     189."> $.50 

♦Bulletin    7.     Mineral  Production  of  California,  by  Counties,  1894.— Chas.  G.  Tale.     (Tabu- 
lated sheet)   

♦Bulletin    8.     Mineral  Production  of  California,  by  Counties,  1895. — Chas.  G.  Tale.     (Tabu- 
lated sheet)   

Bulletin    9.     Mine  Drainage,  Pumps,  etc.— Hans  C.  Behr.     1896 .60 

♦Bulletin  10.     A    Bibliography    Relating    to    the     Geology,     Palaeontology,     and     Mineral 

Resources  of  California.— A.  W.  Vodges.     1896 

♦Bulletin  11.    Oil    and    Gas    Yielding    Formations    of    Los    Angeles,    Ventura,    and    Santa 

Barbara  Counties.— W.  L.  Watts.     1896 

♦Bulletin  12.     Mineral  Production  of  California,  by  Counties,  1886.— Chas.  G.  Tale.     (Tabu- 
lated sheet)    

♦Bulletin  13.    Mineral  Production  of  California,  by  Counties,  1897. — Chas.  G.  Tale.    (Tabu- 
lated sheet)   

♦Bulletin  14.    Mineral  Production  of  California,  by  Counties,  1898.— Chas.  G.  Tale.    (Tabu- 
lated sheet)   

Bulletin  1;).     Map  of  r)ii  City  Oil  Fields,  Fresno  County.— J.  H.   Means 

♦Bulletin  16.    The   Genesis    of   Petroleum    and    Asphaltum    in    California.— A.    S.    Cooper. 

1899    

♦Bulletin  17.     Mineral  Production  of  California,  by  Counties,  1899.— Chas.  G.  Tale.     (Tabu- 
lated sheet)    

♦Bulletin  18.     The  Mother  Lode  Region  of  California.— W.  H.  Storms.     1900 

'Bulletin  19.     Oil  and  Gas  Yielding  Formations  of  California.— W.  L.  Watts.    1900 _    

♦Bulletin  20.     Synopsis  of  Reports  of  State  Mining  Bureau.— W.  L.  Watts.    1900 

♦Bulletin  21.    Mineral  Production  of  California,  by  Counties,  1900.— Chas.  G.  Tale.     (Tabu- 
lated sheet)   

♦Bulletin  22.     Mineral  Production  of  California  for  Fourteen  Tears. — Chas.  G.  Tale.     1900. 

(Tabulated   sheet)    

Bulletin.         Reconnaissance   of   the   Colorado    Desert   Mining   District.- Stephen    Bowers. 

1901    

Bulletin  23.     The  Copper  Resources  of  California.— P.  C.  DuBois,  F.  M.  Anderson.  J.  H. 

Tibbits,  and  G.  A.  Tweedy.     19C2 J ..'50 

♦Bulletin  24.    The  Saline  Deposits  of  California.— G.  E.  Bailey.     1902 

♦Bulletin  25.     Mimral  Production  of  California,  by  Counties,  1901.— Chas.  G.  Tale.     (Tabu- 
lated  sheoti    


136 


MINERAL    INDUSTRY    OF    CALIFORNIA. 


PUBLICATIONS    OF    THE     CALIFORNIA    STATE     MINING     BU  REAU— Continued. 

Asterisk   (*)    indicates  the  publication  is  out  of  print. 

Price. 

'Bulletin  26.    Mineral  Production  of  California  for  Fifteen  Tears.— Chas.   G.   Yale.     1901. 

(Tabulated   sheet)   

Bulletin  27.     The  Quicksilver  Resources  of  California.— Wm.    Porstner.     ]!)(»3 $.75 

•Bulletin  28.    Mineral  Production  of  California,  by  Counties,  1902.— ("has.  Ci.  Yale.     (Tabu- 
lated  sheet)    

•Bulletin  29.     Mineral  Production  of  California   for  Sixteen  Y'ears.— Chas.   G.   Yale.     1902. 

(Tabulated    sheet)    

•Bulletin  30.    A  Bibliography  of  Geology,   Paheontology,    and  Mineral  Resources  of   Cali- 
fornia.—A.  W.  Vodges.     1903 

Bulletin  31.     Chemical  Analyses  of  California   Petroleum. — H.   X.    Cooper.     1903.      (Tabu- 
lated sheet) ___ 

Bulletin  32.     Production  and  Use  of  Petroleum  in  California.— P.  W.   Prutzman.     1904 .25 

•Bulletin  33.     Mineral  Production  of  California,  by  Counties,  1903.— Chas.  G.  Yale.     (Tabu- 
lated  sheet)    

•Bulletin  34.     Mineral  Prochiction  of  California  for  Seventeen  Years.— Chas.  G.  Yale.     1903. 

(Tabulated    sheet)    

•Bulletin  35.     Mines  and  Minerals  of  California   for  1903.- Chas.   G.    Yale.     1004.      (Statis- 
tical)     

•Bulletin  36.     (Jold  Dredging  in  California.-.T.   E.  Doohttle.     1905.. 

Bulletin  37.     Crems,  .Jewelers'  Materials,  and  Ornamental  Stones  of  California.— (George  F. 
Kunz.     1905: 

First  edition  (without  colored  plates) .25 

Second  edition  (with  colored  plates) .50 

•Bulletin  38.     The  Structural  and  Industrial  Materials  of  California.— Wm.  Porstner,  T.  C. 

Hopkins,  C.  Naramore.  L.  H.  Eddy.     1906 

•Bulletin  39.     Mineral  Production  of  California,  by  (i'ounties,  1904.— Chas.  G.  Yale.     (Tabu- 
lated  sheet)    

•Bulletin  40.     Mineral  Production  of  California  for  Eighteen  Y'ears.- Chas.  G.  Y'ale.     1904. 

(Tabulated    sheet)    

'Bulletin  41.     Mines  and  Minerals  of  California  for  1904.— Chas.  (i.  Yale.     (Statistical) 

•Bulletin  42.     Mineral  Production  of  California,  by  Counties,  1905.— (^has.  G.  Yale.     (Tabu- 
lated  sheet)    

•Bulletin  43.     Mineral  Production  of  California  for  Nineteen  Years.- Chas.   (t.  Yale.     1905. 

(Taliulated    slieet)    

•Bulletin  44.     Mines  and  Minerals  of  California  for  1905.— Chas.   G.Yale.     (Statistical) 

•Bulletin  45.     Auriferous  Black  Sands  of  California. — -T.  A.   j;dman.     1907 

Bulletin  46.     General   Index   to    Publications   of   the   State   Mining    Bureau.— Compiled    by 

Chas.    (4.    Yale.     1907 30 

•Bulletin  47.     Mineral  Production  of  California,  by  Counties,  1906.— Clias.  G.  Yale.     (Tabu- 
lated  sheet)    

•Bulletin  48.     Mineral  Production  of  (California   for  Twenty  Y'ears. — Chas.   G.  Y'alc.     1906. 

(Tabulated   sheet)    

•Bulletin  49.     Mines  and  Minerals  of  California  for  1906.— Chas.  G.  Yale.     (Statistical) 

Bulletin  .50.     The  Copper  Resources  of  California. — A.   Hausmann,   J.    Kruttschnitt,    Jr., 

W.   E.  Thorne,  .J.   A.    Edman.     190S 1.00 

•Bulletin  51.     Mineral  Production  of  California,  by  Coimties,  1907.— D.   H.  Walker,  Statis- 
tician.    (Tabulated  sheet) 

■■Bulletin  ."i^.     Mineral    Production    of    California    for    Twenty-one    Years. — D.    H.    Walker, 

Statistician.     1907.     (Tabulated  sheet) 

•Bulletin  53.     Mineral    Productions    of    California    for    1907,    with    County    Maps.— D.    H. 

Walker,    Statistician.      1908.      (Statistical) 

•Bulletin  54.     Mineral  Production  of  California,  by  Counties,  1908.- D.  H.  Walker,  Statis- 
tician.    (Tabulated  sheet) 

•Bulletin  .55.     Mineral    Production   of    California    for   Twenty-two    Y'ears. — D.    H.    Walker, 

Statistician.     1908.     (Tabulated  sheet) 

•Bulletin  56.     Mineral  Productions  for  1908,  County  Maps,  and  Mining  Laws  of  California.— 

J).   H.   Walker.     1900.     (Statistical) 

Bulletin  57.     Gold  Dredging  in  California.— W.  B.  Winston,  Charles  -lanin.     1910 1..50 

'•(xold  l>ie(Iging  in  California";  bound 2.00 

•Bulletin  58.     Mineral  Production  of  California,  by  Counties,  1909.— D.  H.  Walker,  Statis- 
tician.    (Tabulated  sheet) 

•Bulletin  59.     Mineral   Production  of  (California   for  Twenty-three  Years. — D.    H.    Walker, 

Statistician.     1909.     (Tabulated  sheet) 

•Bulletin  60.     Mineral  Productions  for  1909,  County  Maps,  and  Mining  Laws  of  California. — 

D.  H.  Walker.     1910.     (Statistical) 

Bulletin  fil.     Jlin'Mal    Production   of   California,    by   Counties,    for  1910.— D.    H.    Walker, 

Statistician.      (Tabulated   sheet) 


STATISTICS    OF    AXN-UAL    PRODUCTION.  187 

PUBLICATIONS     OF     THE     CALIFORNIA     STATE     MINING     BU  REAU— Continued. 

Asterisk   (*)    indicates  the  publication  is  out  of  print. 

Piiec. 
Bulletin  62.     Mineral   Production   of   California    for   Twenty-four   Years. —I).    H.    Walker, 

■Statistician.     liJU).     (Tabulated  .sheet) 

Bulletin  63.     Petroleum  Development  in  Southern  California.— P.  W.   Prutznian.     1912 *1..')0 

Bulletin  64.     Mineral  Production  for  Kill.— K.  S.  Boalich,  Statistician,   1912 

Bulletin  6.5.     Mineral  Production  for  1912.— E.  S.   Boalich,  Statistician,  1913 

Bulletin  66.     Mining  Laws,  United  States  and  California,  1914 

Bulletin67.     Minerals  of  California.— A.  S.   Eakle.     1914 1.00 

Bulletin  68.     Mineral  Production  for  1913.— E.  S.  Boalich.     1014 

REGISTERS    OF    MINES    WITH    MAPS. 

Amador  County   .<v.2,") 

Butte  County  .25 

*Calaveras   County  

*E1  Dorado   County   

*Inyo  County  

*Kern  County  

*Lake  County  

Mariposa  County  1 .25 

*Nevada  County  

*Placer  County   

*Plumas  County  

"San  Bernardino  County  

San  Diego  County  .25 

Santa  Barbara  County  .25 

*Shasta  County  

*Sierra   County   

■*Siskiyou  County  

*Trinity   County   

*Tuolumne  County  

Yuba  County  .25 

Register  of  Oil  Wells  (\nth  map),  Los  Angeles  City ..35 

OTHER    MAPS. 
California,  Showing  Mineral  Deposits — 

Mounted  $1.50 

Unmounted  .30 

Forest  Reserves  in  California- 
Mounted  .50 

Unmounted    .30 

Mineral  and  Relief  Map  of  California .25 

El  Dorado  County,  Showing  Boiuidaries  of  National  Forests .20 

Madera  County,  Showing  Boundaries  of  National  Forests .20 

Placer  County,  Showing  Boimdaries  of  National  Forests .20 

Shasta  County,  Showing  Boundaries  of  National  Forests .20 

Sierra  County,  Showing  Boundaries  of  National  Forests .20 

Siskiyou  County,   Showing  Boundaries  of  National   Forests .20 

Trinity  County,  Showing  Boundaries  of  National  Forests .45 

Tuolumne  County,  Sliowing  Boundaries  of  National  Forests .20 

*Mother  Lode  Region  

Desert   Region   of   Southein   California .10 

Minaret  District,  Madera  County  .20 

Copper  Deposits  in  California  .10 

Nevada  County  .25 

Placer  County   .25 

Plumas  County  _• .25 

Tuolunme  County  .25 

DETERMINATION   OF   MINERAL  SAMPLES. 

Samples  (limited  to  three  at  one  time)  of  any  mineral  found  in  the  State  may  be 
sent  to  the  Bureau  for  identification,  and  the  same  will  be  classified  free  of  charge. 
No  samples  will  be  determined  if  received  from  points  outside  the  State.  It  must  be 
understood  that  no  Assays,  or  Quantitative  Determinations  will  be  made.  Samples 
should  he  in  lump  form  if  possible,  and  marked  plainly  with  name  of  sender  on  out- 
side of  package,  etc.  No  samples  will  be  received  unless  delivery  charges  are  prepaid. 
A  letter  should  accompany  sample,  giving  locality  where  mineral  was  found  and  the 
nature  of  the  information  desired. 


138 


MIN'i:nAL    IXDUS'IRY    01''    CALIFORNIA. 


The  following  county  maps  show  all  towns,  postoffices,  railroads  anil  stage  lines 
and  distances  between  points.  They  are  especially  valuable  to  all  who  wish  to  leave 
the  railroad  and  penetrate  to  tlie  interior  of  the  mining  districts  of  the  State.  These 
maps  must  not  be  reproduced  without  obtaining  permission  from  the  Mining  Bureau. 


*»>:  Y^": 


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RELIEF  MAP  OF 

CALIFORNll 

Issued  Dy  the 

CALIFORNIA  STATE  MINING  BUR 

F.  McN.  HAMILTON 

State    Mineralogist 


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INDEX. 


Page 

Alameda  Countv   74 

Map  of.* 
Alpine   County    74 

Map   of.* 
Amador    County    75 

Map   of.* 

Antimony     16 

Total   production 16 

Appendi.N;    135 

List   of   publications 135 

Asbestos     48 

Total   production    50 

Asphalt     29 

Barytes    50 

Bauxite    51 

Bituminous    rock 29 

Total   production 30 

Borax 69 

Brick    30 

Chemical    analysis    of    common 

brick    clays    31 

Production    of   various    kinds 32 

Total  production,   1893-1913 33 

Building-    Stone.      (See    Granite; 
Marble;    Sandstone,    etc.) 

Law  regarding  use  of  California 

materials  in  public  buildings 123 

Bulletins,  list  of 135 

Butte   County 75 

Map   of.* 

Calaveras   County 76 

Map   of.* 

California   Debris  Commission 108 

California    Mine    Bell    Signals 131 

(California  Statutes 115 

Cement 33 

Total  production 34 

Chromite    34 

Total    production 35 

Clav    --  51 

Production  1887-1913 52 

Coal    10 

Colusa  County 77 

Map   of.* 

Contra  Costa  County 77 

Map   of.* 

Copper    16 

Production,    1887-1913    18 

Counties,    mineral   production   of 9 

Cruslied    rock   45 

Curbing    43 

Del   Norte  County 78 

Map   of.* 

Determination  of  mineral  samples--  137 

El  Dorado  County  _ 78 

Map   of.* 

Extraction  of  minerals  from  water--  124 

Feldspar    52 

Total   production    53 

Forms  for  location  notices 133 

Fresno  County 79 

Map   of.* 

Fuels    10 

Fuller's    Earth    53 

Total   production 53 

Gas,  natural 11 

Total  production 12 

Gems    53 

Glass  sand 66 

Glenn    County    79 

Map   of.* 

Gold    18 

Total  production _ _^  19 

♦Appendix. 


Page 

Granite    42 

Graphite 55 

Gravel 44 

Gypsum    56 

Total   production   57 

Humboldt  County   80 

.Map   of.* 

H.\drocarbons 10 

Hydraulic    mining   125 

Imperial    County 80 

Map   of.* 

Industrial   materials 47 

Infusorial  earth 57 

Total   production    58 

Instructions    to    owners    and   oper- 
ators   of    hydraulic    mines    in 

California     113 

Inyo  County 81 

Map   of.* 
Iron    ore    20 

Kern    County    81 

Map   of.* 

Kings  Countv 82 

Map   of.* 

Lake    Countv 83 

Map   of.* 

Larceny  of  gold  dust  and  amalgam-  131 

Lassen  County 83 

Map   of.* 

Lead   21 

Production,    1887-1913    22 

Lime 35 

Limestone    58 

Total  value  lime  and  limestone, 

1887-1913     60 

Location  of  mining  claims,  etc 128 

Location    notices    133 

Los  Angeles  County 84 

Map   of.* 

Macadam 45 

Madera   County   84 

Map   of.* 
Magnesite    36 

Production,    1887-1913    37 

Manganese     60 

Maps,  list  of 

of  various  counties 138 

Marble    37 

Marin  County 85 

Map   of.* 
Mariposa    County    85 

Map  of.* 
Mendocino    County    86 

Map   of.* 
Merced    County 86 

Map   of.* 

Metals    15 

Mica   61 

Mine  bell  signals 131 

Miner's    inch    defined    132 

Mineral   industry,   review  of 5 

Mineral    land    within    meander    of 

lakes  and  streams 125 

Mineral  output,  1913   (tabulation) 7 

Mineral    output    by    county,    1912 

and   1913    9 

Mineral  output,  comparative  value, 

1912,    1913 9 

Mineral   paint —      62 

Mineral  .samples,  determination  of —   137 
Mineral    water    63 

Production,    1887-1913    64 

Mining  claims  in  forest  reserve 108 


INDEX— Continued. 


Page 

Mining  laws   105 

Modoc  County 87 

Map   of.* 

Molybdenum   22 

Mono   County   87 

Map   of.* 

Monterey  County 88 

Map   of.* 

Monumental  stone 43 

Napa  County   88 

Map   of.* 

Natural   gas   11 

Production,    1888-1913 12 

Law  to  prevent  wasting  of 122 

Nevada  County   89 

Map  of.* 

Nitrates - 70 

Oil  and  gas  claims 108 

Onyx  ^ 38 

Orange    County    89 

Map  of.* 

Paving   blocks    42 

Petroleum    12 

Used  as  fuel  in  the  field 12 

Average  price  by  county,   1912, 

1913     13 

Pickett    Bill,    the    108 

Placer  County   90 

Map  of.* 

Platinum    -3 

Plumas   County    !'0 

Map  of.* 

Pota.s)!    70 

Protection    of    stockholders    of    oil 

and  gas  strata 122 

Publications  of  State  Mining  Bureau  135 

Pumice   stone   64 

Pyrite 65 

Total  production 65 

Quartz    66 

Quicksilver    23 

Right  of  Eminent  Domain _--  127 

Riverside  County 91 

Map  of.* 

Rubble   45 

Sacramento  County 92 

Map  of.* 

Salines    69 

Salt     70 

Production,    1887-1913   71 

Samples,   determination   of 137 

San  Benito  County 92 

Map  of.* 

San  Bernardino  County 93 

Map  of.* 

San    Diego   Coimty 93 

Map  of.* 

San  Francisco  County 94 

Map  of.* 


San  Joaquin  County  

Map  of.* 
San  Luis  Obispo  County 

Map  of.* 
San  Mateo  County 

Map  of.* 

Sand,   glass 

Sand  and  gravel   

Sandstone    

Production,    1887-1913   

Santa   Barbara  County   

Map  of.* 
Santa  Clara  County 

Map  of.* 
Santa  Cruz  County  

Map  of.* 

Seipentine   

Shasta    County    

Map  of.* 
Sierra  County 

Map   of.* 
Silver    

Production,    1887-1913    

Slate   

Soapstone    

Soda  

Solano  County 

Map  of.* 
Sonoma  Countv   - 

Map  of.* 
Stanislaus  County  ^ 

Map  of.* 
State  Mineralogist's  Reports,  list  of_ 
State  Mining  Bureau  Publications, 

list  of 

Stone  industry  

Sulpliur    

.Gutter    Count.y    -  - 

Map  of.* 


Talc    

Tehama  County  -. 

Map  of.* 
Tin    

Travertine     

Trinity  County 

Map  of.* 
Tufa    

Tulare   County 

Map  of.* 

Tungsten    

Tuolumne   County 

Map  of.* 


Vanadium    

Ventura  County 
Map  of.* 


Yolo  County  . 

Map  of.* 
Yuba  County 

Map  of.* 


Page 
94 

95 

95 

66 
44 
39 
40 
96 

,96 

97 

40 
97 

98 

25 
25 
41 
67 
72 
99 

100 

100 

135 

135 
42 
68 

101 


67 

101 

26 

38 

102 

64 
102 

26 
103 


26 
103 


104 

104 


Zinc 


'Appendix. 


THIS    BOOK    IS    DUE   ON    THE    LAST    DATE 
STAMPED  BELOW 


AN  INITIAL  FINE  OF  25  CENTS 

WILL  BE  ASSESSED  FOR  FAILURE  TO  RETURN  THIS  BOOK 
ON  THE  DATE  DUE.  THE  PENALTY  WILL  INCREASE  TO 
50  CENTS  ON  THE  FOURTH  DAY  AND  TO  $1.00  ON  THE 
SEVENTH  DAY  OVERDUE. 


]Fa59i 


Calif.  Dept*  of  natural 
resources.  Div.  of  mines 
Bulletin. 

PHYSICAL 
SCIENCES 
LIBRARY 


Call  Numbeis 


IttUYERSlTY  OF  CALIFORNIA 
PAVIS 

181591 


UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA,  DAVIS 


3  1175  02235  5328 


